極端波浪(extreme waves)指的是在海洋中發生波高極高的波浪，波浪的成長與風的條件(風速、延時、風域)有關，而風的條件中又以風域(fetch)的資訊與相關研究與最少，因此本研究發展一套風域判釋法，可以根據大氣模式產出的風場資料，自動判釋出風域大小，驗證結果顯示所提出之風域判釋法可以合理地判釋出各種天氣系統下的風域大小。
本研究使用所提出之風域判釋法分析台灣鄰近海域在東北季風和西南季風期間的風場資料，分析結果顯示西南季風期間的平均風域大小為860 km，是東北季風期間(410 km)的兩倍以上，但是西南季風期間的平均風速為7.7 m/s，比東北季風期間的平均風速(9.7 m/s)低了20%左右。
本文以JONSWAP的波浪成長經驗公式估算季風期間可能發生之極端波浪，考慮各式極端條件進行分析，研究結果顯示，台灣海峽南側在西南季風期間最大波高可能達到2.28 m，是平時的2.17倍；台灣海峽北部海域在東北季風期間最大波高可能達到6.53 m，是平時的3.24倍，以上是單純由季風吹拂所估算出來的極端浪高，若鄰近有其他天氣系統或湧浪，加成的波高可能更大。另外，本文以Young(1988)提出之經驗式估算颱風期間的極端波浪，以過去紀錄最強颱風中心風速(95.8 m/s，2015年派翠沙颱風)估算所產生之極端波高可達23.41 m。

Extreme waves usually occur in the severe sea state. The growth of waves is related to wind conditions including wind speed, duration, and fetch, among them the information and related research of fetch are the least. This study had developed a fetch interpretation method, which automatically determine the length of fetch based on the wind field data from atmospheric models. The verification result shows that the proposed fetch interpretation method is reasonably under various weather systems. This study applied fetch interpretation method to calculate the length of fetch around Taiwan waters during the northeast monsoon and southwest monsoon period. The analysis result shows that the average length of fetch during the southwest monsoon period is 860 km, which is more than twice as length as the period during northeast monsoon (410 km). However, the average wind speed during the southwest monsoon is 7.7 m/s, which is about 20% less than the average wind speed during the northeast monsoon (9.7 m/s). Furthermore, JONSWAP’s wave growth empirical formula was used to estimate the height of extreme waves that may occur during monsoon period. When considering various extreme conditions, the maximum wave height in the south of the Taiwan Strait during the southwest monsoon may reach 2.28 m, which is 2.17 times than usual; during northeast monsoon, the maximum wave height may reach 6.53 m, which is 3.24 times than usual. The above are extreme wave heights estimated only by the blowing of the monsoon. If there are other weather systems nearby, the wave height may be even greater. In addition, this paper uses the empirical formula proposed by Young (1988) to estimate the extreme waves during the typhoon, that the extreme wave height can reach 23.41 m based on the central wind speed of the strongest typhoon ever recorded in the past (95.8 m/s, Typhoon Patricia in 2015).

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