北祁連造山帶為加里東期的縫合帶，縫合了北方的阿拉善地塊與南方的中南祁連地塊。研究區域內的岩石組合大致可分三大單元：前寒武紀基盤岩、加里東期火山岩系（火山-沉積岩系、基性-超基性岩系及中酸性火山岩系）及晚古生代至新生代的蓋層，三者之間均為不整合接觸。本研究針對出露在造山帶中西段托萊牧場、薩拉河、祁連縣及石縫崖溝附近的基盤岩進行岩象學、地球化學與年代學的研究。
變質沉積岩岩性以高綠片岩相至角閃岩相的片岩及片麻岩為主，祁連縣附近的變質岩並受糜嶺岩化作用影響。變質沉積岩之稀土元素具有輕稀土富集（100×球粒隕石）、重稀土虧損（10×球粒隕石）及銪負異常（Eu/Eu*＝0.5-0.7）等與後太古代頁岩成份相似的分佈趨勢。配合Th/Sc比值接近1與很低的εNd值（εNd(0)≦-10）等地化特徵，可推測沉積主要來源為老的上部大陸地殼物質。龍孔溝剖面的變質沉積岩相對具有較高εNd值且缺乏銪負異常現象，推測有年輕未分化的火山弧物質做為次要沉積來源加入。釹同位素資料亦顯示變質沉積岩具有北方的阿拉善型與南方的中南祁連（柴達木）型兩種不同的源區類型，並形成地殼演化上的差異。
變質基性岩的岩性以角閃岩為主，具有大陸洪流玄武岩的地球化學特性，代表岩漿來自富集的地函，並且在上升的過程中受到上部地殼混染的影響。小八寶河剖面的玄武岩則為典型的洋中脊玄武岩，可能為古祁連洋洋殼的殘存部分。
40Ar-39Ar定年結果方面，片麻岩與片岩中黑雲母的坦原年齡分別為400.5 ± 2.3 Ma及434.1 ± 2.5 Ma，顯示前寒紀基盤岩受到此加里東造山作用的影響，而產生氬同位素的重置作用。龍孔溝剖面角閃岩中普通角閃石呈現一異常老的坦原年齡（533.7 ± 3.0 Ma），推測是當古祁連洋在志留-泥盆紀封閉時，現位於托萊牧場的前寒紀基盤岩仍位處較遠的南方陸塊上。

The North Qilian Orogen was a Caledonian suture zone located between the Alashan terrane and the Central-Southern Qilian terrane. The studied area consists of three units of rock series: the Precambrian Basement, the Caledonian volcanic-sedimentary associations, mafic-ultramafic associations, and intermediate-felsic plutonic rocks, and Late Paleozoic to Cenozoic cover. This research is focused on petrographic, geochemical, and geochronological studies of the Precambrian basement rocks exposed at Tuolai pasture, Salahe, Qilian county, and Shifengyaigou.

All basement rocks have been subjected to high greenschist-amphibolite facies metamorphism. In the neighborhood of the Qilian county town, the metamorphic rocks also have been mylonited. The REE patterns of the metasedimentary rocks show LREE enrichment (100× Chondrite), HREE depletion (10× Chondrite), and negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*＝0.5-0.7), like the compositions of the post-Archean shales. The almost constant Th/Sc ratio (Th/Sc＝1) and lower εNd vaule (εNd(0)≦-10) of metasediment suggest that a major sedimentary provenance of an old upper continental crust. At the Longkonggou profile, the different geochemical features suggest a minor sedimentary provenance of a young undifferentiated arc. The Neodymium isotopes also suggest that the metasediment can be divided into Northern Alashan type and Southern Central-Southern Qilian type (Qaidam type).

The Metabasites of the studied area, such as amphibolites, indicate some geochemical features similar to that of the continental flood basalts. The magma was derived from an enriched mantle or plume-like source, and was subjected to crustal contamination. The basalt from Xiaobabao river is identified as a normal-type mid-oceanic ridge basalt, and is probably the remnants of the paleo-Qilian oceanic crust.

The 40Ar-39Ar dating indicates that the biotites extracted from the gneiss and schist reveal the plateau ages of 400.5 ± 2.3 and 434.1 ± 2.5 Ma respectively. They show that the Argon isotope system of the Precambrian basement rocks were resetted by the Caledonian orogeny. An exceptional hornblende plateau age of 535.7 ± 2.9 Ma from amphibolite in Longkonggou profile show the Precambrain basement terran now located at Tuolai pasture was located at the far south when the paleo-Qilian ocean was closed in the Silurian-Devonian period.

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