本研究利用機械切削法提取桂竹纖維，並透過鹼處理改善其表面性質，隨後採用樹脂轉注成型製程製備單向桂竹纖維／環氧樹脂複合材料，系統性探討纖維體積含量 (50%、55%、65%) 對各向力學性質的影響。在製程重現性驗證中，各組實際纖維體積含量與預估值的誤差均在 1% 以內，且同組試片厚度高度一致，證實本製程能有效管控幾何尺寸與纖維含量，為力學測試奠定可靠的試樣基礎。在力學行為分析方面，軸向與側向的彈性性質、軸向拉伸強度均隨纖維體積含量增加而穩定提升，顯現全方位的強化效果；然而，剪切模數受纖維排列變動影響而無明顯趨勢，側向強度則普遍偏低，反映出界面黏結性能為側向承載能力的關鍵因素。在理論模型驗證中，混合定則對軸向彈性性質預測精度良好，但 Halpin–Tsai 模型對側向彈性性質存在系統性低估。強度方面，現行理論公式對側向強度之預測侷限性較大，改採實驗修正公式後可將誤差降至 13% 以內，顯示理論公式有賴實驗數據校正。與文獻水平比較，本研究力學數據趨勢與既有研究一致，數值位於中段至上緣，且成功填補了文獻中較缺乏的側向壓縮模數、蒲松比及側向壓縮強度等數據，能為後續數值模擬提供可靠的材料參數依據。

This study investigates the mechanical behavior of unidirectional Makino bamboo (Phyllostachys makinoi) fiber/epoxy composites fabricated by resin transfer molding (RTM) with fiber volume fractions of 50%, 55%, and 65%. Alkali-treated bamboo fibers were used to improve fiber–matrix interfacial compatibility. The fabrication process showed good repeatability, with measured fiber volume fractions differing from the target values by less than 1%. Mechanical tests were conducted to determine elastic properties, Poisson's ratios, shear modulus, and strengths. The longitudinal and transverse elastic properties and longitudinal tensile strength increased with increasing fiber volume fraction. In contrast, the in-plane shear modulus showed no clear trend because of fiber alignment variation, while the low transverse strength indicates that interfacial bonding dominates transverse load transfer. The Rule of Mixtures accurately predicted the longitudinal elastic properties, whereas the Halpin–Tsai model underestimated the transverse elastic properties. An experimentally calibrated equation reduced the transverse strength prediction error to within 13%. The measured properties agree well with published data and provide a reliable material property database, including scarce transverse compression properties, for structural analysis and numerical simulation of natural fiber composites.

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