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研究生：	王士霖 Wang, Shih-Lin
論文名稱：	房屋微振特性分析研究 Analysis of Micro-Vibration Characteristics for Buildings
指導教授：	朱聖浩 Ju, Shen-Haw
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	99
中文關鍵詞：	強迫振動、訊號擷取、環境振動、高樓、模態、自然頻率、三分之一倍頻法
外文關鍵詞：	One-Third-Octave Band, High-rise building, Signal Acquisition, Forced Vibration Experiment, Mode Shape, Ground Motion, Natural Frequency
相關次數：	點閱：118 下載：8
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　　有關振動的量測在今日越來越被注重。對於高科廠房來說，只要有微小振動產生都會導致金錢上的重大損失。而在高樓的興建上，近年來頻傳的地震仍然無法阻止人們興建更高的大樓，反而轉移其注意力在了解到底承受振動時的高樓其動態反應是如何。

　　首先，由環境因素所造成的振動在本文中先被討論。其中一個實驗是在同步輻射中心，而另外一個則是在高科技廠房中的無塵室。從同步輻射中心的實驗結果來看，其週遭環境因素的確會產生些微的振動，尤其在交通頻繁時同步輻射中心內所量測到的振動反應跟其它時段相比之下是相對較大的。而在高科技廠房的無塵室中，從實驗的結果可發現其內部員工的頻繁走動所產生之振動是不能被忽略的。其次，在本文中使用一個由3分之1倍頻法修改而來的方法來確認高樓在強迫振動下的動態特性，經由使用這個方法，在本文中所介紹的高樓其自然模態可以被識別出來。　

　The measurement of the vibration is more and more emphasized nowadays. For the high-tech plant, the micro vibration will lead to a huge amount of cost. As for high-rise buildings, earthquakes, which happen frequently around the whole world in recent years, still cannot stop people build higher buildings. On the contrary, people turn their attention to evaluate the dynamic response of high-rise buildings, which are suffered from the vibration.

　Firstly, the vibration, which is caused by the ambient factors, is studied. One is in the Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (SRRC) and the other is in the clean room of a high-tech plant. In SRRC, the experiment result exhibited that the response of the vibration, which was during the rush hour, was greater than the other time periods. In the clean room of the high-tech plant, the experiment result appeared that the vibration, which was caused by the frequent movement of employees near sensors, could not be neglected. Secondly, a simple method, which is modified from one-third-octave band method, is used to identify the dynamic characteristics of the high-rise building in the forced vibration experiment for this study. By using the method, mode shapes of the high-rise building can be evaluated.

Contents

List of Tables	3
List of Figures	4
Chapter 1  Introduction	7
1-1 Background and Purpose	7
1-2 Literature Review	8
Chapter 2  The Description of Numerical Theory	11
2-1 Brief	11
2-2 Fourier Transform	11
2-2-1 Brief of Fourier Transform	11
2-2-2 Fast Fourier Transform	12
2-3 One-Third-Octave Band Method	15
2-4 The Total Energy Method	19
Chapter 3  Development of Signal Acquisition Program	22
3-1 Introduction	22
3-2 Signal Classification	22
3-3 Visual Basic and Signal Acquisition Program	23
3-3-1 Description of Program	23
3-3-2 The Operation of Data Acquisition Program	28
3-4 Device of Data Acquisition System for Micro-Vibration	47
Chapter 4 Ground Motion of Micro-Vibration	55
4-1 Introduction	55
4-2 The Experiment in Synchrotron Radiation Research Center	56
4-2-1 Brief	56
4-2-2 Procedure of Experiment	57
4-2-3 Proceeding of Data	58
4-2-4 Discussions	63
4-3 Microseism in Clean Room of High-Tech Plant	64
4-3-1 Introduction	64
4-3-2 Proceeding of Data	65
Chapter 5  Forced Vibration of the High-Rise Building	75
5-1 Introduction	75
5-2 Experimental Building and Measured Positions	75
5-3 Procedures of Experiment	77
5-4 Data Processing and Analyzing	78
5-5 Identification of Dynamic Characteristics	79
5-5-1 Mode Shape	80
5-5-2 Natural Frequency	89
Chapter 6  Conclusion	94
6-1 Conclusion	94
Reference	97





List of Tables
Table 2-1 The definition of one-third-octave band (ANSI, 1984)	18
Table 3-1 The input characteristics	48
Table 3-2 DAQCard-6036E analog input accuracy specification	48
Table 3-3 DAQCard-6036E analog output accuracy specification	49
Table 3-4 The specifications of GT-3524 integrator	52
Table 4-1 Summation of each central frequency	63
Table 5-1 Tested frequencies	93























List of Figures
Figure 3-1 Differences of dSampleRate and dScanRate	25
Figure 3-2 Flowchart of program	28 
Figure 3-3 The main form of program	29
Figure 3-4 The analyzing form of program	33
Figure 3-5 Output button	39
Figure 3-6 The output form of the program	40
Figure 3-7 Example of input	42
Figure 3-8 Calculation flowchart	43
Figure 3-9 Calculation of average value	43
Figure 3-10 Output type of decibel (dB)	44
Figure 3-11 Output type of energy	44
Figure 3-12 Example of input on FFT	45
Figure 3-13 Output type of FFT	45
Figure 3-14 Example of input on time	46
Figure 3-15 Output type of velocity	46
Figure 3-16 NI-DAQCard6036E for PCMCIA	47
Figure 3-17 (a) Accelerometers  (b) The dimensions of Model 731A	49
Figure 3-18 GT-3524 Integrator	52
Figure 3-19 12V rechargeable battery	53
Figure 3-20 Composed rechargeable battery of 24 V	53
Figure 3-21 Adapter between the battery and the notebook	54
Figure 4-1 Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (SRRC)	56
Figure 4-2 The site provided by SRRC	57
Figure 4-3 Sensors and plate	57
Figure 4-4 Data acquisition system	58
Figure 4-5 The energy on X direction	60
Figure 4-6 The energy on Y direction	61
Figure 4-7 The energy on Z direction	61
Figure 4-8 Average of energy	62
Figure 4-9 Energy of average plus standard deviation	62
Figure 4-10 Related position	64
Figure 4-11 Measuring background on X direction	66
Figure 4-12 Measuring background on Y direction	66
Figure 4-13 Measuring background on Z direction	67
Figure 4-14 Measuring main beam on X direction	68
Figure 4-15 Measuring main beam on Y direction	68
Figure 4-16 Measuring main beam on Z direction	69
Figure 4-17 Measuring the small beam on X direction	70
Figure 4-18 Measuring the small beam on Y direction	70
Figure 4-19 Measuring the small beam on Z direction	71
Figure 4-20 Compare with the main and the small beam on X direction	72
Figure 4-21 Compare with the main and the small beam on Y direction	73
Figure 4-22 Compare with the main and the small beam on Z direction	73
Figure 5-1 Sketch of high-rise building	76
Figure 5-2 Position of sensors on the flat	76
Figure 5-3  (a) Systems at 36th floor  (b) Systems at 76th floor	77
Figure 5-4 MK-155U rotating eccentric shaker	78
Figure 5-5 Energy 	82
Figure 5-6 Energy of 0.7, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 Hz	83
Figure 5-7 Mode shapes of 0.4 Hz (a) Original (b) Modified	85
Figure 5-8 Mode shapes of 0.8 Hz (a) Original (b) Modified	86
Figure 5-9 Mode shapes of 1.0 Hz (a) Original (b) Modified	89
Figure 5-10 Mode shapes from 0.4 Hz to 1.2 Hz	89
Figure 5-11 Tested frequency of 0.4 Hz on 76th	90
Figure 5-12 Tested frequency of 0.7 Hz on 76th	90
Figure 5-13 Tested frequency of 1.0 Hz on 76th	91
Figure 5-14 Tested frequency of 2.0 Hz on 76th	91
Figure 5-15 Tested frequency of 3.0 Hz on 76th	91
Figure 5-16 Tested frequency of 4.0 Hz on 76th	92

                                    

Reference

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