近年來，臺灣鐵路公司事故屢屢成為新聞焦點，反映其維護制度需要改革，因此眾多專家對於解決這個問題的首要方法，就是效仿台灣高速鐵路股份有限公司建置維護管理資訊系統(MMIS)，利用電子化管理取代傳統的人力作業，避免人力不足或任何潛在疏漏工單的風險。本研究從基層的資訊系統(IS)著手研讀，深度探討其組成所需的條件，分析並彙整出架構，再透過國內外鐵路公司正式上線營運的相關維護系統來驗證與確立，一個完整的IS是由三大要素(資料、資料流、處理邏輯)、四大功能(輸入、處理、輸出、儲存)、五大元件(硬體、資料、程序、使用者、軟體)所組成。循序漸進探索至管理資訊系統(MIS)的定義，從而延伸理解MMIS的全貌，透過軟體開發生命週期(SDLC)的第一步驟，先詳盡調查和分析每位使用者的需求，以建構一個完善的整合框架先前提，再依序新增不同的運算核心，使得系統能供應多項輸出，從而檢討先前為臺灣鐵路公司設計之雛型僅是其中一小部分，未來可依據此架構擴充。
透過臺鐵總體檢報告與先前設計之MMIS雛型，彙整出工單管理是維護作業的核心，因此本研究優先定義工單於IS架構的定位，再帶入三大要素、四大功能、五大元件的觀念去延伸設計，過程中藉由最佳化方式考量多個派工因素，結合軟體去實現最佳化派工，但因為沒有實際走訪工務處去深度了解派工相關內容，所以顧及到的因素可能比現實層面少，期許日後能夠詳盡的評估，並設計出更優化的派工系統。
最後提及到MMIS於工單管理僅是一個輔助工具，倘若對於系統派工不予理會，想提高鐵路的安全性仍是空談，所以對於此任務，鐵路機構內部規章的明訂相當重要，此外也可以透過第三方的督導即安全管理系統(SMS)，透過系統輸出最佳工單，相關維護技術人員也確實妥善的完成，才能降低潛在的危險性。

In recent years, the recurrent incidents within Taiwan Railway (TR) have continually seized the spotlight in news coverage, highlighting the pressing need for reform in its maintenance protocols. Numerous experts have identified the implementation of Maintenance Management Information System (MMIS) as the solution. This study researches the fundamental Information System (IS), analyzing and consolidating the framework. A comprehensive IS comprises three major elements, four major functions, and five major components.
Utilizing thorough investigation and analysis of each user's requirements are conducted to construct a comprehensive integration framework as a preliminary premise. Subsequently, different computational cores are sequentially added to the system, enabling multiple outputs by MMIS.
This study defines the positioning of work orders within the IS framework. And then utilizing the previous MMIS model, extend the design through the work order management process to generate work orders. Several dispatching factors are considered through optimization methods to achieve optimized dispatching during design. Nonetheless, due to the lack of visits to TR, factors considered may be fewer than those in practical scenarios.
Finally, it is mentioned that MMIS serves as a supportive tool in the context of work order management. Therefore, for this task, the explicit formulation of internal regulations within the railway institution is paramount. Additionally, oversight through a third party, namely Safety Management System (SMS), is also crucial. Through optimal work orders generated by the system, maintenance technicians ensure proper execution, mitigating potential risks.

[1] S. Anil Kumar & N. Suresh, “Production and Operations Management 2nd Edition,” New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers, New Delhi, pp. 205-226, 2008.
[2] Tadayoshi Niitsu, “Maintenance and Management of JR East Civil Engineering Structures,” Japan Railway & Transport Review, no.63, 2014.
[3] S. Jovanović, D. Božović and M. Tomičić-Torlaković, “Railway infrastructure maintenance planning based on condition measurements and analysis,” Journal of the Croatian Association of Civil Engineers, vol. 66,no. 4,pp. 347-358, 2014.
[4] H. Pacaiova, J. Glatz, “Maintenance Management System,” MM Science Journal, pp.665-669, 2015.
[5] L. Zemmouchi-Ghomari, “Basic Concepts of Information Systems.” In Contemporary Issues in Information Systems - A Global Perspective, 2021.
[6] Y. N. Asafe, O. I. Kolawole, “MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM Modern Perspective First Edition,” Hasfem Publication Center, Ogun State, Nigeria, 2013.
[7] Y. A.B. El-Ebiary, A. Hatamleh, Y. Al Moaiad , K. T. Amayreh, R. R. Mohamed, W. A. Al-Haithami, S. I. A. Saany, “A Review Of The Effectiveness Of Management Information System In Decision Making,” 2023.
[8] V. Stuchly, J. Grencik, and R. Poprocky, “Railway vehicle maintenance and information systems,” WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, vol. 50, 2000.
[9] N. Pannu, A. Chawla, P C Tewari, “Computerized Maintenance Management System for Thermal Power Plant, Hisar,” Journal of Physics: Conf, Series 1240, 2019.
[10] C. Jia, W. Xu, and H. Wang, “Study of Management Information System of Railway Permanent Way Safety Risks and Comprehensive Evaluation,” Procedia Engineering, vol. 15, pp. 1293-1297, 2011.
[11] S. Jovanovic and D. Bozovic, “Optimal Structure and Two Case Study Implementations of a Railway Maintenance Management System,” Journal of Management in Engineering, vol. 31, no. 2, 2015.
[12] 林伯勳, 胡光復, 沈哲緯, 辜炳寰, 鄭錦桐, “最佳化方法於工程上之應用,” 中興工程季刊, vol.103, pp.13-24, 2009.
[13] Q. Chang, J. Ni, P. Bandyopadhyay, S. Biller, G. Xiao, “Maintenance staffing management,” Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, vol.18(3), pp.351-360, 2007.
[14] T. Lidén, “Railway Infrastructure Maintenance - A Survey of Planning Problems and Conducted Research,” Transportation Research Procedia, 10, pp.574-583, 2015.
[15] P. Prabhakaran, A. Subbaiyan, D. Gopalakrishnan, H. V. Balaji.M, S. Ramkumar, S. Veluswamy, D. K. Murugesan, S. Seerangagounder, S. Arunachalam, P. Velusamy, P. Bhaskaran, K. Raja, “Maintenance Methodologies Embraced for Railroad Systems: A Review,” Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2022.
[16] V.P. Online, “DFD Using Yourdon and DeMarco Notation,” https://online.visual-paradigm.com/knowledge/software-design/dfd-using-yourdon-and-demarco.
[17] 交通部臺灣鐵路管理局花蓮工務段, “淺談鋼軌焊接與探傷檢測方法,” 2011.
[18] 交通技術標準規範鐵路類工務部, “1067 公厘軌距鐵路長焊鋼軌鋪設及養護規 範,” 2018.
[19] 廖正堅, 黃劉乾, 施瑞潮, 鄭文龍, 楊忠哲, 王兆賢, 郭林堯, “軌道養路工程車之智慧化應用,” 中興工程顧問股份有限公司專題報導, vol. 95, no. 1, pp.146-167, 2022.
[20] 連建智, 潘麒宇, 胡秀蘭, 王聰貴, 顏彬任, 許榮均, 林太山, “臺灣鐵路系統噪音調查、成因分析及沿線超標範圍預估,” 中華技術專題報導, No.109, pp.172-185, 2016.

[21] 臺灣鐵路公司, “交通部臺灣鐵路管理局工務處養路標準作業程序,” 工4-路36, 2021.
[22] “Pavement Management Group," https://www.pavementmanagementgroup.com/, 2023.
[23] 吳晨榕, “鐵路養護管理資訊系統架構之初探,” 碩士論文, 土木工程學系, 國立成功大學, 台南市, 2021.
[24] 姚薰茗, “探討鐵路工務養護管理資訊系統之架構及應用,” 碩士論文, 土木工程學系, 國立成功大學, 台南市, 2022.
[25] IBM Corporation, “Taiwan High Speed Rail,” the United States of America, 2010.
[26] 鄭德發, “智慧化之安全資料蒐集與運用,” 運輸安全資訊交流研討會, 台北捷運公司, 2020.
[27] 莊英震, 高榮崇, 張相胤, “軌道設備智慧化在運輸安全之應用,” 中國工程師學會會刊, 工程 vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 42-57, Mar. 2022.
[28] Y. Hui and G. Liang, “Study on the Permanent Way Safety Management Information System for High-Speed Railway of China,” in Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS), 2003, pp. 1118-1123.
[29] T. Jiang, X. An, and C. Liu, “Research on Rail Track Maintenance Management Information Systems,” in Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Electrical and Information Technologies for Rail Transportation, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 765-775, 2016.
[30] K. Yamamoto, K. Aoki, & K. Kobayashi, “Asset Management Systems for the Facilities on the Highways,” Journal of Civil Engineering Information Processing System, 16(0), pp.331-343, 2007.
[31] 行政院, “臺鐵總體檢報告,” 2019.
[32] 臺鐵局, “臺鐵局總體檢所列優先、一般及後續改善事項-改善辦理情形(112年11月份公告版),” 2023.
[33] 自由時報, “台鐵斷軌44公分後建置巡軌APP 強化追蹤及改善時效,” https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/3545703, 2021.
[34] 交通部臺灣鐵路管理局112年1月份行車事故事件月報表
[35] 111年度高鐵營運定期檢查應行改進事項彙整表
[36] 財團法人工業技術研究院, ”智慧鐵道發展架構及策略研訂,” 交通部鐵道局委託專業服務案, pp.3-29, 2020.