本文以「從建構式民族主義探討台灣民眾對中國移民的態度」為主題，以民族共同體之成員資格界定為研究核心，探討台灣民眾不同民族主義傾向與中國移民態度之間的關係，並進一步分析民主制度態度是否具有調節作用。研究使用「臺灣社會變遷基本調查（TSCS）2023」資料，分別針對民眾對中國婚姻移民、工作移民與求學移民取得台灣國籍的限制態度建立迴歸模型，以建構式民族主義與原生式民族主義作為主要解釋變數，並以民主光榮感與當前民主運作評價作為制度態度指標，另控制性別、年齡、教育程度、政黨偏好、族群背景與中國接觸經驗等因素。
實證結果顯示，建構式民族主義程度愈高的民眾，對三類中國移民取得台灣國籍均呈現較為嚴格的限制態度，且此一關係在不同模型設定下皆具有一致性。相較之下，原生式民族主義在同時納入建構式民族主義及其他控制變數後，對三類中國移民限制態度均未呈現顯著影響。此外，本文進一步檢驗民主制度態度的調節作用，結果顯示，部分交互作用項呈現弱顯著或顯著效果，但未一致出現在不同制度態度指標與移民類型之中。
在台灣特殊的兩岸政治脈絡下，以國籍、政治制度、政治認同等建構式條件界定民族共同體成員資格，並不必然與較高的移民包容態度相連結，反而可能形成區分共同體內外的政治與制度性邊界，進而與對中國移民較嚴格的限制態度相關。

This study examines Taiwanese attitudes toward Chinese immigrants from the perspective of constructivist nationalism, with particular attention to how membership in the national community is defined. Using data from the 2023 Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS), the study analyzes public attitudes toward restricting access to Taiwanese citizenship among three categories of Chinese immigrants: marriage migrants, labor migrants, and student migrants. Constructivist nationalism and primordial nationalism are employed as the main explanatory variables. At the same time, pride in democracy and evaluations of its current functioning are used to measure attitudes toward democratic institutions. The empirical results show that stronger constructivist nationalism is consistently associated with greater support for restricting Chinese immigrants’ access to Taiwanese citizenship across all three categories. By contrast, primordial nationalism has no statistically significant effect once constructivist nationalism and other control variables are included. The interaction analysis further shows that although some interaction terms between constructivist nationalism and attitudes toward democratic institutions reach marginal or conventional levels of statistical significance, these effects are not consistent across different institutional indicators or immigrant categories. The findings suggest that in Taiwan’s distinctive cross-Strait political context, defining national membership through constructed criteria such as citizenship, political institutions, and political identification does not necessarily lead to greater openness toward immigrants. Instead, these criteria may constitute political and institutional boundaries that distinguish members from outsiders.

吳乃德，1996，〈自由主義和族群認同：搜尋台灣民族主義的意識形態基礎〉。《台灣政治學刊》1：5–39。
吳乃德，2002，〈認同衝突和政治信任：現階段台灣族群政治的核心難題〉。《台灣社會學》4：75–118。
吳介民，2012，〈中國因素與兩岸公民社會對話〉，吳介民，《文明的呼喚》，台北：左岸文化。
吳叡人，2016，《受困的思想──臺灣重返世界》，台北：衛城出版。
林宗弘、胡克威，2011，〈愛恨 ECFA：兩岸貿易與臺灣的階級政治〉，《思與言》49（3）：99–138。
林平、 高宇柔，2011，〈當前移民研究中可能的問題〉，《新社會政策》，16：42-45。
張翰璧、張晉芬，2013，〈全球化效果的侷限：臺灣民眾對接納跨國移民的態度〉，《臺灣社會學刊》，52：131-167。
張茂桂，1996，〈是批判意識型態，抑或獵殺巫婆？對於趙剛〈新的民族主義，還是舊的？〉一文的回應〉。《台灣社會研究季刊》(23)：255–269
張雅雯、楊婉瑩，2014，〈為什麼反對移工／移民？—利益衝突抑或文化排斥〉，《政治科學論叢》，43：43-84。
張雅雯、楊婉瑩，2016，〈她們不是我們？分析台灣的民族主義者反大陸移民之態度〉，《東吳政治學報》，34（2）：1-59。
莊承霖，2017，〈臺灣應對中國崛起之避險戰略選擇（1988–2016）〉，碩士論文，國立臺灣大學政治學系。
陳志柔、吳家裕，2022，〈臺灣民眾對外籍配偶移民的態度：十年間的變化趨勢（2004–2014）〉，《人文及社會科學集刊》，29（3）：415-452。
陳映男、耿曙、陳陸輝，2016，〈依違於大我、小我之間：解讀臺灣民眾對兩岸經貿交流的心理糾結〉，《台灣政治學刊》，20（1）：1-59。
蔡佳泓，2019，〈政府治理表現、公民文化與民主滿意度〉，《Review of Social Sciences》，13（2）。
藍佩嘉，2002，〈跨越國界的生命地圖：菲籍家務移工的流動與認同〉，《台灣社會研究季刊》，(8)：169-218。
藍佩嘉，2025，《成為「新二代」：多元文化與地緣政治下的跨國婚姻子女》，台北：春山出版社。
謝馥伊，2024，〈清查 1.2 萬陸配及二代身分：一紙註銷中國戶口證明，同時指向安全與恐慌？〉，《報導者》，05 月 06 日。
趙彥寧，2004，〈現代性想像與國境管理的衝突：以中國婚姻移民女性為研究案例〉，《臺灣社會學刊》，(32)，59-102。
廖元豪，2006，〈全球化趨勢中婚姻移民之人權保障：全球化、台灣新國族主義、人權論述的關係〉，《思與言：人文與社會科學期刊》，44(3)，81-129。
廖達琪、劉正山、陳柏宇，2018，〈馬英九主政下臺灣民族主義的檢視：普遍崛起及務實傾向〉，《Review of Social Sciences》，12(1)。
高格孚，2004，《風和日暖：台灣外省人與國家認同的轉變》，台北：允晨文化。
蕭揚基，2010，〈移民與民族國家：一個公民身份的觀點〉，《Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences》，6(2)：61-72。
黃秀端、林政楠，2014，〈移民權利、移民管制與整合──入出國及移民法在立法院修法過程的分析〉，《臺灣民主季刊》，11(3)：83-133。
王宏仁，2008，〈台灣的移民接受政策與國家認同〉，收錄於《跨界—流動與堅持的台灣社會》，台北：群學，頁111-126。
盧秉謙，2016，〈民主意識與兩岸經貿：臺灣民眾貿易態度的分析〉，碩士論文，國立臺灣大學政治學系。
Anderson, Benedict. 1983. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.
Barth, Fredrik. 1998. Ethnic Groups and Boundaries: The Social Organization of Cultural Difference. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press.
Brader, Ted, Nicholas A. Valentino, and Elizabeth Suhay. 2008. “What Triggers Public Opposition to Immigration?” American Journal of Political Science 52 (4): 959–978.
Brubaker, Rogers. 2009. “Ethnicity, Race, and Nationalism.” Annual Review of Sociology 35 (1): 21–42.
Chatterjee, Partha. 1993. The Nation and Its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Chu, Yun-han, and Jih-wen Lin. 2001. “Political Development in 20th-Century Taiwan: State-Building, Regime Transformation and the Construction of National Identity.” The China Quarterly 165: 102–129.
Coakley, John. 2018. “‘Primordialism’ in Nationalism Studies: Theory or Ideology?” Nations and Nationalism 24 (2): 327–347.
Easton, David. 1965. A Framework for Political Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Geertz, Clifford. 1963. “The Integrative Revolution: Primordial Sentiments and Civil Politics in the New States.” In Old Societies and New States, 105–157. New York: Free Press.
Gellner, Ernest. 1983. Nations and Nationalism. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Hooghe, Marc, and Tim Reeskens. 2010. “Beyond the Civic–Ethnic Dichotomy: Investigating the Structure of National Identity.” Nations and Nationalism 16 (4): 579–597.
Indelicato, Annarosa, and José C. Martín. 2024. “The Effects of Three Facets of National Identity and Other Socioeconomic Traits on Attitudes towards Immigrants.” Journal of International Migration and Integration 25 (2): 645–672.
Jervis, Robert. 1978. “Cooperation under the Security Dilemma.” World Politics 30 (2): 167–214.
Kao, John Ching-hua, and Amy H. Liu. 2025. “Racial Identities, Linguistic Proficiency, and Public Attitudes towards Immigrants.” Political Research Quarterly.
Kohn, Hans. 1944. The Idea of Nationalism: A Study in Its Origins and Background. New York: Macmillan.
Lamont, Michèle, and Virág Molnár. 2002. “The Study of Boundaries in the Social Sciences.” Annual Review of Sociology 28 (1): 167–195.
Landau-Wells, Marissa. 2024. “Building from the Brain.” International Organization 78 (4): 627–667.
Larsen, Christian Albrekt. 2017. “Revitalizing the ‘Civic’ and ‘Ethnic’ Distinction: Toward New Theoretical Pathways.” Nations and Nationalism 23 (4): 970–993.
Lee, Boyoon. 2023. “Educational Content, Exclusive National Identity, and Anti-Immigrant Attitudes.” The Journal of Politics 85 (4): 1182–1197.
Manevska, Katerina, and Peter Achterberg. 2013. “Immigration and Perceived Ethnic Threat.” European Sociological Review 29 (3): 437–449.
Nodia, G. (1992). Nationalism and democracy. Journal of Democracy, 3(4), 3-22.
Pereira, Cícero, Jorge Vala, and Rui Costa-Lopes. 2010. “From Prejudice to Discrimination: The Case of Immigrants in Portugal.” European Journal of Social Psychology 40 (7): 1231–1250.
Ranger, Terence, and Eric Hobsbawm, eds. 1984. The Invention of Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rex, John. 1996. “National Identity in the Democratic Multi-cultural State.” Sociological Research Online 1 (2): 1–9.
Rousseau, David L., and Rocío Garcia-Retamero. 2007. “Identity, Power, and Threat Perception.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 51 (5): 744–771.
Scott, James C. 2009. The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Sadeghi, Shirin. 2016. “The Burden of Geopolitical Stigma: Iranian Immigrants and Their Adult Children in the USA.” Journal of International Migration and Integration 17 (4): 1109–1124.
Shulman, Stephen. 2002. “Challenging the Civic/Ethnic and West/East Dichotomies in the Study of Nationalism.” Comparative Political Studies 35 (5): 554–585.
Smith, Anthony D. 1986. The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Oxford: Blackwell.
Sniderman, Paul M., Louk Hagendoorn, and Michael Prior. 2004. “Exclusionary Reactions to Immigrant Minorities.” American Political Science Review 98 (1): 35–49.
Stephan, Walter G., and Cookie W. Stephan. 2013. “An Integrated Threat Theory of Prejudice.” In Reducing Prejudice and Discrimination, 23–45. New York: Psychology Press.
Tamir, Yael. 2019. “Not So Civic: Is There a Difference between Ethnic and Civic Nationalism?” Annual Review of Political Science 22: 419–434.
Walt, Stephen M. 1985. “Alliance Formation and the Balance of World Power.” International Security 9 (4): 3–43.
Weber, E. (1976). Peasants into Frenchmen: the modernization of rural France, 1870-1914. Stanford University Press.
Wu, Chung-li, F. Y. Chen, and Yu-Ying Yeh. 2023. “Public Support for Self-Defence in Taiwan.” Taiwan Politics.
Wu, Yu-shan. 2004. “Taiwanese Nationalism and Its Implications.” Asian Survey 44 (4): 614–625.
Yee, Herbert, and Ian Storey. 2013. China Threat: Perceptions and Myths. London: Routledge.