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研究生：	李芷嫺 Li, Chih-Hsien
論文名稱：	以電影《KANO》為例探討台灣電影歷史再現之塑造與居民地方認同感之關係 Investigation on the Relationship between Historical Representation of Taiwan Historical Drama Film and Residents’ Place Identity by the Case of KANO
指導教授：	林蕙玟 Lin, Hui-Wen
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	規劃與設計學院 - 創意產業設計研究所 Institute of Creative Industries Design
論文出版年：	2015
畢業學年度：	103
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	122
中文關鍵詞：	歷史電影、歷史再現、居民、地方認同、KANO 、嘉義
外文關鍵詞：	historical film, historical representation, resident, place identity, KANO, Chiayi
相關次數：	點閱：231 下載：48
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在「影視歷史學」的論述背景下，歷史電影透過動態影像所塑造的歷史不僅提供觀眾對過去世界不同的詮釋，並已成為一種新型態的歷史。本研究是以描述台灣日治時期(1895-1945)的歷史電影KANO為研究對象。日治時期，在日本人的治理之下，台灣人爭取自治及民主的抗爭不斷。然而這五十年間，日本在台灣建立許多的建設讓台灣走向現代化。台灣人對日治時期的不一的評價讓歷史電影有足夠的空間詮釋這段過去，以不同的角度呈現這段爭議性的歷史。因此，本研究以居民的地方認同感為主軸，探究電影對歷史的詮釋如何影響居民對居住地過去的態度。
本研究有兩個階段：第一階段，藉由歷史的元素做為電影分析的架構，探討KANO是如何再現歷史，以及其所再現的歷史樣貌為何。第二階段，本研究藉由與嘉義市居民的深入訪談，探討KANO如何透過對過去嘉義的描繪而影響嘉義市居民對嘉義的地方認同感。
本研究結果發現，除了再現的歷史場景之外，KANO中呈現的當地文化更賦予了場景生命，使得電影中過去的嘉義與現在的嘉義緊密連結，呼應嘉義居民的現代生活，引起居民對電影的共鳴。KANO讓居民重拾與嘉義的回憶、更熟悉嘉義的歷史。同時KANO也賦予嘉義新的特色，並強化嘉義原本的特色。當居民們相互合作運用這些特色行銷嘉義的過程中，不僅延續了KANO所傳達的想法，更提升了居民的社區認同感。

Under the discourse of “historiophoty”, historical film not only provides different interpretation of the past for audience, but also has become a new kind of history. The research subject of this research is KANO, which depicts the history of Japanese Colonial Period (1895-1945) in Taiwan. During Japanese Colonial Period, under the government of Japanese, Taiwanese kept striving for democracy. However, within the 50 years, lots of infrastructures were constructed and Taiwan was transformed into a modern society. Because of the controversy of Japanese Colonial Period, historical film has opportunity to give different interpretation of the past. Therefore, by focusing on residents’ place identity, this research investigated how historical representation of historical film influences residents’ attitudes toward the past of their residence.
There are two phases in this research. In the first phase, by using the four elements of history, this research analyzed how KANO represents the history and what history KANO represents. In the second phase, through in-depth interview with Chiayi residents, this research analyzed how KANO influences Chiayi residents’ place identity.
This research found that the representation of place and the local culture depicted in KANO are the linkages between the residents and the past world. KANO enables the residents to recall their memories related to their residence. The residents also become more familiar with the history of Chiayi after watching KANO. Besides, KANO gives new characteristics to Chiayi and strengthens its original characteristics. During the process of applying the characteristics to place marketing cooperatively, Chiayi residents not only extend the idea of KANO, but also improve the residents’ community identity.

Table of Contents
摘要	I
Abstract	II
誌謝	III
Table of Contents	IV
List of Tables	VIII
List of Figures	IX
Chapter 1: Introduction	1
1.1 Research Background	1
1.2 Research Motivation	3
1.3 Research Scope	3
1.4 Research Objectives	10
1.5 Research Questions	11
1.6 Research Procedure	12
Chapter 2: Literature Review	14
2.1 Literature Map	14
2.2 Collective Memory: the concept of history, representation and place	15
2.2.1 Definition & characteristics of Collective Memory	15
2.2.2 Collective memory, history, representation and place	17
2.3 Historical Drama Film & Historical Representation	18
2.3.1 Historical drama film	18
2.3.2 Characteristics of historical (drama) film	20
2.3.3 Historical representation of historical drama film	22
2.4 Place Identity	24
2.4.1 Definition of Place Identity	24
2.4.2 Identity Principles	25
2.4.3 Urban-Related Identity	26
2.4.4 Community Identity	28
2.5 Film, Historical Representation and Place	29
2.5.1 Historical Film Tourism	29
2.5.2 Film tourism in Taiwan	30
Chapter 3: Methodology	33
3.1 Case Study	33
3.2 Grounded Theory	35
3.3 Data Collections	38
3.4 Sampling Structure	39
3.5 In-Depth Interview	41
3.6 Data Generation	42
3.7 Data Analysis	43
3.7.1 Content Analysis	43
3.7.2 Grounded Theory Coding	44
Chapter 4: Historical Representation of KANO	46
4.1 The Four Elements of History in KANO	46
4.2 Story Line	50
4.2.1 Baseball: the spirit beyond winning and losing	50
4.2.2 Agriculture: the golden era in Taiwan	51
4.2.3 Racial issues	52
4.2.4 Daily life of Chiayi residents	53
4.3 Historical timeline and cinematographic timeline	54
4.4 Film Analysis from the Aspect of ‘Place’	57
4.4.1 Turning space into place	57
4.4.2 Connections between the places	58
Chapter 5: Analyzing Place Identity of Chiayi Residents	61
5.1 Concept production process: using Nvivo 10 analyzing interview data	61
5.2 Original Place Identity of Chiayi Residents	65
5.2.1 External evaluation: characteristics of Chiayi	65
5.2.2 General attachment: residents’ rootedness in Chiayi	71
5.2.3 Continuity with personal past: residents’ experiences with Chiayi	74
5.2.4 Perception of familiarity: result of residents’ actions undertaken in Chiayi	76
5.2.5 Commitment: future of residents and Chiayi	79
5.3 The Bridge between KANO & Chiayi Residents	81
5.4 Reidents’ Place Identity Shaped by KANO	82
5.4.1 External evaluation: new characteristics of Chiayi	82
5.4.2 General attachment: residents’ recognition of KANO	88
5.4.3 Continuity with personal past: recalling the memories of Chiayi	92
5.4.4 Perception of familiarity: residents’ familiarity with history	95
5.4.5 Commitment: bring back Chiayinese tenacity	98
Chapter 6: Conclusion & Discussion	100
6.1 Historical Representation and Residents’ Place Identity	100
6.2 Improving Community Identity from Historical Drama Film	103
6.2.1 The improvement of community identity from KANO	103
6.2.2 Suggestions for improving community identity from KANO	106
6.2.3 Suggestions for improving community identity from historical drama film	108
6.3 Research limitation & suggestion	109
Bibliographies	111
Appendixes	116
1. Urban-Identity Scale	116
2. Taxonomy of Dimensions of Community Identity	117
3. Interview Questions	119

List of Tables
Table 1.1 Categories of films which depict the story of Japanese Colonial Period	5
Table 1.2 Basic information of the films which depict historical events	7
Table2.1 Four characteristics of historical (drama) film	22
Table3.1 Profile of respondents	40
Table3.2 The resources and the respondent generated ways	43

List of Figures
Figure1.1 Number of films shown on theaters	2
Figure1.2 Proportion of box office	2
Figure1.3 Film scene and portrayed place in Chiayi City	9
Figure1.4 Film scene in Chiayi County	10
Figure1.5 Research procedure	13
Figure2.1 Literature map	15
Figure2.2 The focus group of place identity and community identity	29
Figure 4.1 Four elements of history	46
Figure 4.2 People in KANO	47
Figure 4.3 Film Image: Chiayi City in 1931 & 1944	48
Figure 4.4 Space in KANO and their relative position	49
Figure 4.5 Events in KANO	49
Figure 4.6 Historical timeline of KANO	55
Figure 4.7 Cinematographic timeline of KANO	56
Figure 4.8 Place in KANO	58
Figure 4.9 Connections between places in KNAO	60
Figure 5.1 Concept production process (Nvivo 10) – inputting interview data	62
Figure 5.2 Concept production process (Nvivo 10) – open coding	62
Figure 5.3 Concept production process (Nvivo 10) – axial coding	63
Figure 5.4 Concept production process (Nvivo 10) – making Memo	63
Figure 5.5 Concept production process (Nvivo 10) – selective coding	64
Figure 5.6 Concept production process (Nvivo 10) – building Model	64
Figure 5.7 Dimensions of urban-related identity	65
Figure 5.8 Central Fountain	67
Figure 5.9 Hinoki Village	69
Figure 5.10 Characteristics of Chiayi under external evaluation (original place identity)	70
Figure 5.11 Relation between residents’ general attachment and characteristic of Chiayi (original place identity)	73
Figure 5.12 Relation between residents’ personal past and characteristic of Chiayi (original place identity)	75
Figure 5.13 Relation between residents’ perception of familiarity and characteristic of Chiayi (original place identity)	78
Figure 5.14 Relation between residents’ commitment and characteristic of Chiayi (original place identity)	80
Figure 5.15 Two factors of the influences KANO has on residents’ place identity	82
Figure 5.16 Sculpture of Ming-Chieh Wu in Central Fountain	84
Figure 5.17 Chiayi City tourist map of KANO	85
Figure 5.18 Map of Hinoki Village	85
Figure 5.19 Exterior of Kano Story House	86
Figure 5.20 Interior of Kano Story House	86
Figure 5.21 Residents’ external evaluation shaped by KANO	87
Figure 5.22 Tangible evidence of Chiayi residents’ recognition of KANO	90
Figure 5.23 The banner on the wall of CYVS	90
Figure 5.24 KANO Path and the information boards about the history of KANO	90
Figure 5.25 Residents’ general attachment shaped by KANO	91
Figure 5.26 Residents’ continuity with personal past shaped by KANO	94
Figure 5.27 Residents’ perception of familiarity shaped by KANO	97
Figure 5.28 Residents’ commitment shaped by KANO	99
Figure 6.1 Model of residents’ place identity influenced by historical drama film	103
Figure 6.2 Model of improving community identity form KANO	106
Figure 6.3 Poster of photography competition of KANO	108
                                    

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