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研究生： 方喬丹
Vannitsen, Jordan
論文名稱： 通過對行星際磁場中的粒子傳播之研究處理太陽高能粒子在行星際空間中波傳問題
Propagation of Solar Energetic Particles in inter-planetary space by study of the particles spreading across the Interplanetary Magnetic Field
指導教授： 苗君易
Miau, Jiun-Jih
共同指導教授: 莊智清
Juang, Jyh-Ching
汪愷悌
Wang, Kaiti
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 工學院 - 航空太空工程學系
Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics
論文出版年： 2019
畢業學年度： 107
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 218
中文關鍵詞： 太陽高能粒子 、太陽粒子事件 、霍曼帕克效應 、資料分析 、同步多衛星量測 、立方衛星 、火星
外文關鍵詞： solar energetic particle, solar particle event, Hohmann-parker effect, data analysis, simultaneous multi-spacecraft measurements, CubeSat, Mars
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    • 本篇論文主要探討用於多衛星資料分析與模擬之工具(MDAST)。而最初發展此工具是用來協助達成科學任務目標於一顆航向火星之3U立方衛星，其名為BIRDY。首先，此工具(MDAST)之設計與驗證考慮到四個太空船(ACE、MSL、STEREO-A與 STEREO-B)之位置、姿態、酬載之視野(FoV)與高能粒子流之量測等數據。本研究主要聚焦於MSL由地球航向火星之期間(2011年12月6日至2012年7月14日)，在巡航期間，可以利用霍曼帕克效應，使一個相同的太陽粒子事件可以被多個沿著相同的太陽圈磁場線之太空船所觀測。而同時之多點量測則有助於瞭解太陽系中的太陽高能粒子之傳播。接著，調整BIRDY立方衛星位置、姿態、酬載之視野(FoV)等模擬資料作為此工具(MDAST)之輸入。
    最後，此模擬工具可以用於分析來自前述之四個太空船之感測資料，以便模擬酬載之飛行軌跡以及BIRDY立方衛星之觀測能力。再者，此工具能夠明確地識別太陽粒子事件之起始、峰值、結束之時間。不僅有助於BIRDY任務之運行，還能夠分析前述四個太空船之資料。本研究相信能夠更進一步調整並應用於其他太空天氣任務。

    This thesis presents a Multi-satellite Data Analysis and Simulator Tool (MDAST), developed with the original goal to support the science requirements of a Martian 3-Unit CubeSat mission profile named Bleeping Interplanetary Radiation Determination Yo-yo (BIRDY). MDAST was firstly designed and tested by taking into account the positions, attitudes, instruments field of view and energetic particles flux measurements from four spacecraft (ACE, MSL, STEREO A, and STEREO B). The focus of this thesis will be in the period 6 December 2011 - 14 July 2012, period during which MSL was cruising from Earth to Mars. In this situation, it is possible to take advantage of the Hohmann Parker effect. One of the asset of this effect is that a same SPE could be observed by different spacecraft aligned along the same heliospheric magnetic field line. In this situation, simultaneous multi-site measurements would be useful in understanding the Solar Energetic Particles propagation in the solar system.
    Secondly, the simulated positions, attitudes and instrument field of view from the BIRDY CubeSat have been adapted for input.
    And finally, this tool can be used for data analysis of the measurements from the four spacecraft mentioned previously so as to simulate the instrument trajectory and observations capabilities of the BIRDY CubeSat. The onset, peak and end time of a SPE is specifically defined and identified with this tool. It is not only useful for the BIRDY mission but also for analyzing data from the four satellites aforementioned and can be utilized for other space weather missions with further customization.

    Abstract III Acknowledgements V Contents VII List of Tables XI List of Figures XII List of Abbreviations XVII Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Context 1 1.2 Objectives 3 1.3 Methodology 4 Chapter 2 Energetic particles in the Solar system 7 2.1 Energetic particles of interest 7 2.1.1 Van Allen Belts 7 2.1.2 Galactic Cosmic Rays 10 2.1.3 Solar particle events 13 2.1.4 Secondary particles 16 2.2 Solar energetic particles propagation and acceleration 17 2.3 The Hohmann-Parker effect 18 Chapter 3 Key satellite data measurements 23 3.1 Advanced Composition Explorer 23 3.1.1 Electron, Proton and Alpha Monitor 24 3.1.2 Solar Isotope Spectrometer 25 3.2 Mars Science Laboratory 27 3.2.1 Radiation Assessment Detector 28 3.3 Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory A & B 32 3.3.1 High Energy Telescope 33 3.3.2 Low Energy Telescope 34 3.4 Solar Heliospheric Observatory 35 3.4.1 Electron Proton Helium Instrument 36 3.5 Summary of spacecraft/instrument particle measurements 37 Chapter 4 Multi-satellite Data Analysis and Simulator Tool 39 4.1 Introduction 39 4.2 Architecture overview 42 4.2.1 Instruments data loading methods 43 4.2.2 The main launcher function 44 4.3 Inputs 47 4.3.1 Satellite position and attitudes 47 4.3.2 Interplanetary magnetic field 48 4.3.3 Energetic particle flux datasets 51 4.3.4 User analysis settings 51 4.4 Outputs 52 4.4.1 Common reference systems 52 4.4.1.1 Common spatial reference system 52 4.4.1.2 Common temporal reference system 64 4.4.2 Instruments attitude to incoming Parker spirals 80 4.4.2.1 Incoming Parker spiral angle 80 4.4.2.2 Instruments field of view center and incoming Parker spiral angle 80 4.4.3 Solar particle events information 93 4.4.3.1 Key events 93 4.4.3.2 Energetic particle flux variation 94 Chapter 5 Tool applications and results for solar particle events onset, offset and peak time detection 98 5.1 Introduction 98 5.2 Background methods 99 5.2.1 Kubo-Nagatsuma-Akioka method 1A 100 5.2.2 Kubo-Nagatsuma-Akioka method 1B 101 5.2.3 Threshold trigger 101 5.2.4 10% points value increment trigger 102 5.2.5 Stencil trigger 102 5.2.6 Points jumping 103 5.2.7 Energetic level/range crossing 103 5.3 Proposed method 105 5.3.1 Compatible datasets 105 5.3.2 Methodology 107 5.3.3 Tuning 116 5.4 MSL/RAD driven Solar Particle Events detection 126 5.5 Evaluation results 132 Chapter 6 The BIRDY science case 140 6.1 Introduction 140 6.2 Major engineering challenges 140 6.2.1 BIRDY Radiation Payload 140 6.2.2 Navigation 143 6.2.3 Ground segment 146 6.2.4 Communications 147 6.3 Simulation results 149 6.3.1 Inputs 149 6.3.2 Outputs 149 6.4 Proposed science case 152 Chapter 7 Conclusions 154 7.1 Summary 154 7.2 Future Work 155 Chapter 8 References 158 APPENDIXES 164 APPENDIX I: MDAST Table of functions 165 APPENDIX II: MDAST contents description 177 APPENDIX III: Satellite/Instrument position in MDAST 187 APPENDIX IV: Interplanetary Magnetic Field in MDAST 196 APPENDIX V: Additional evaluation results of MDAST 203 APPENDIX VI: Publications 218

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