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研究生: 蘇建安
Su, Jian-An
論文名稱: 利用數位雙生概念建構混合實境施工查驗系統-以機電工程為例
Applying the Concept of Digital Twins to the Development of the MR-based Construction Inspection System: A Case Study of MEP
指導教授: 馮重偉
Feng, Chung-Wei
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年: 2023
畢業學年度: 111
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 107
中文關鍵詞: 混合實境BIM 建築資訊模型機電工程查驗數位雙生
外文關鍵詞: Mixed Reality, BIM, MEP inspection, Digital Twins
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  • 機電工程的查驗是一項複雜且多樣的工作,通常依賴紙本圖說和經驗來進行機電系統的查驗,然而這種傳統方式容易因為人為產生判讀錯誤,為了解決這些問題,近年來開始運用建築資訊模型 (Building Information Modeling, BIM) 技術進行輔助機電工程的查驗,但傳統的 BIM 模型往往與施工現場之間存在不一致的情況,使得 BIM 在查驗作業中的成效不彰,因此研究開始嘗試利用數位雙生技術和混合實境技術來提升機電工程查驗的效率。數位雙生技術可將現實世界中的物理對象或場景以數位化的方式呈現,並與現實世界進行互動和資訊交流,混合實境技術則可將虛擬的 BIM 模型內容投影至現實世界的中,讓使用者能夠同時觀察虛擬模型和實際施工場景。
    在本研究中,首先建立符合查驗規範的 BIM 模型,該模型包括機電系統的各項設備和相關資訊,接著建立雲端資料庫流程,將 BIM 模型和相關資訊儲存在雲端平台上,進行實時同步更新,確保查驗人員始終使用最新的 BIM 模型和資訊進行查驗作業,然後利用混合實境設備,將 BIM 模型的虛擬內容投影到現實施工場景中,讓查驗人員能夠在現場直接觀察,並將虛擬模型和現場設備進行對比,查驗人員在確保虛擬模型與實際情況一致後,便可透過混合實境設備進行查驗,配合混合實境的各項輔助功能,查驗人員可以更加精準地做出判斷,而查驗結果會透過網路上傳至雲端資料庫,再透過流程自動化技術,自動生成符合機電系統查驗工程需求的查驗報表,節省查驗人員的時間和精力,同時提高查驗報告的準確性。

    MEP inspection is a complex and diverse task that requires a significant amount of operational data. Traditionally, it relies on paper drawings and experience, which can lead to human errors in interpreting the information. To address these issues, the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been used to consolidate data. However, the current BIM models often exhibit inconsistencies with the actual construction site, limiting the effectiveness of BIM in construction operations. As a result, researchers both domestically and internationally have begun exploring the use of Digital Twins and Mixed Reality (MR) technology to present BIM models and information through MR devices at the MEP construction site, achieving a seamless integration of virtual and physical elements.
    Therefore, this research aims to effectively assist the MEP inspection process using MR technology, addressing the need for collaborative work during inspections. The first step is to establish BIM models based on inspection standards. The analysis results are then used to identify the functional requirements for subsequent MR system development. A cloud database workflow is constructed to store the necessary data, along with specifications for linking the MR system. Finally, leveraging process automation techniques, reports are generated to meet the requirements of MEP inspection projects, enhancing the effectiveness of BIM models in on-site applications, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of on-site inspection operations.

    中文摘要 I Abstract II 致謝 VI 目錄 VII 表目錄 XI 圖目錄 XII 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究目的 2 1.3 研究範圍與限制 4 1.4 研究流程 5 1.5 論文架構 7 第二章 問題陳述與文獻回顧 8 2.1 研究問題陳述 8 2.1.1 現行查驗機電工程之限制及缺失 8 2.1.2 BIM 模型應用於現地作業之困境 10 2.1.3 現有混合實境系統之缺點 10 2.2 BIM 技術於工程上的應用 12 2.3 延展實境設備與 BIM 技術結合應用 14 2.4 數位雙生概念於工程管理的應用 20 2.5 流程自動化技術於工程管理的應用 22 2.6 小結 23 第三章 研究方法及工具 25 3.1 BIM 建模工具 26 3.1.1 AutoCAD 27 3.1.2 Autodesk Revit 2020 27 3.1.3 Autodesk Dynamo 28 3.1.4 3DS Max 29 3.2 混合實境開發工具 30 3.2.1 Microsoft HoloLens 2 31 3.2.2 Mixed Reality Toolkit (MRTK) 32 3.2.3 Unity 33 3.2.4 Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 34 3.3 雲端平台應用開發工具 Firebase 35 3.4 流程自動化工具 37 3.4.1 Python 37 3.4.2 Visual studio code 38 第四章 建構結合數位雙生概念之混合實境施工查驗系統 39 4.1 研究架構 39 4.2 解析機電工程查驗作業及數位雙生應用 42 4.2.1 解析機電工程查驗作業流程 42 4.2.2 解析機電工程品質管理標準 49 4.2.3 解析數位雙生資訊需求 50 4.2.4 解析混合實境應用所需資訊與操作需求 53 4.2.5 解析流程自動化所需資訊與操作需求 56 4.3 訂定符合工程查驗作業需求之 BIM 模型建置規範 58 4.3.1 訂定 BIM 模型繪製標準 59 4.3.2 訂定 BIM 模型 LOD 標準 60 4.3.3 訂定 BIM 模型規範要求62 4.3.4 訂定 BIM 資料的導出規則 62 4.4 建構雲端即時資料庫 63 4.4.1 建立雲端模型庫 63 4.4.2 建立雲端模型資訊庫 64 4.5 開發混合實境專案 65 4.5.1 制定混合實境應用程式之功能架構 65 4.5.2 混合實境功能於查驗作業情境分析 70 4.6 建構流程自動化系統 72 4.6.1 進行資料庫系統整合73 4.6.2 文檔程序交互流程 73 4.7 混合實境施工查驗系統 74 4.8 小結 76 第五章 案例驗證 78 5.1 案例介紹 78 5.2 建置符合需求之 BIM 模型 78 5.3 建構雲端資料庫 81 5.4 開發混合實境專案與應用程式 84 5.5 現地查驗流程與模擬 87 5.6 小結 100 第六章 結論與建議 102 6.1 結論 102 6.2 未來研究之建議 104 第七章 參考文獻 105

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