為了減緩地球暖化及因應氣候變遷，再生能源的發展成為了各國所追求的目標。在各項再生能源中地熱發電具有穩定不受天候影響的優點，具有成為基載電力的潛力。在地熱發電當中，將發電後降溫的地熱水打回地下儲集層當中的行為稱為尾水回注，而尾水回注有助於儲集層壓力補給、防止地層下陷以及減少地表的熱和化學汙染等優點。除了各項優點外地熱尾水回注也有其需要考量的安全性問題，進行回注時需要考慮流體力學與岩石力學等反應機制的交互作用，若回注區域內存在既有斷層，將尾水注入地層中會有引起斷層再活動以及誘發地震之風險。
本研究的主要目是利用數值模擬法評估既有斷層受地熱尾水回注而產生再活動之可能性，建立含有既有斷層之地熱儲集層數值模型，並透過耦合地下流體動和岩石力學計算，建立地熱尾水回注引起斷層再活動之模擬技術，並評估因斷層再活動而誘發地震的活動規模。
本研究提出基於Mohr-Coulomb屈服面的廣義塑性模型結合節理岩石模型以及摩擦弱化行為，用以模擬斷層再活動時的斷層變形行為，此方法能用於模擬及觀測地熱尾水回注而產生的斷層再活動。此外，依據岩石力學的計算結果能夠量化因斷層再活動而誘發的地震活動之地震規模。
研究結果顯示，在進行地熱生產時進行尾水回注可以有效提供壓力補助，並且經過適當規劃後注入井之冷峰亦不會到達生產井穿孔區間，因此並無降低發電效率之疑慮。在斷層內部進行地熱生產及尾水回注時可能會造成岩石變形，但由於斷層裂隙發達滲透率佳壓力不易累積，因此塑性應變範圍都非常微小並集中在注入井注水區間處，並不會影響到整體斷層面，因此所導致的地震規模非常微弱。

In order to reduce global warming and climate change, renewable energy such as geothermal has become the primary goal of development in many countries. Reinjection plays an important role in geothermal development, reinjection may help with the recharge of the reservoir and may provide pressure support, reinjection also helps in reducing subsidence from large scale fluid withdrawal. But reinjection also has its disadvantages, such as induced seismicity and fault reactivation.
The purpose of this study is to use numerical simulation method to evaluate the possibility of the pre-existing fault being reactivated by geothermal reinjection. Based on the thermal & advanced processes simulator CMG-STARS which is coupled reservoir simulation with geomechanical module, the approach of simulating the fault reactivation caused by geothermal reinjection is established in this study. The approach allows us to model the behavior of fault slip and to estimate the related induced seismicity.
The result shows that reinjection can provide pressure support, and by proper planning, the thermal front won't reach the production area. Injections inside faults may cause rock deformation, if the fault has good fracture permeability, pressure will be hard to accumulate, so it is unlikely to cause fault reactivation by geothermal reinjection in a fault with good fracture permeability.

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