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研究生: 蔡彥祥
Tsai, Yen-Hsiang
論文名稱: 高機動性飛行控制系統之研發
Development of Highly Maneuverable Flight Control System
指導教授: 謝成
Hsieh, Chen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 航空太空工程學系
Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 70
中文關鍵詞: 無人飛機自動控制
外文關鍵詞: UAV, flight control
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  • 由於無人飛行載具重量輕、體積較小、動態性能高,再加上載具上並無人員,故無人飛行載具可執行的任務多樣且限制較少,近年來無人飛行載具的應用越趨廣泛,從單純軍事用途慢慢擴展到民間用途。本實驗室已有成熟的無人飛行船自動控制技術,但由於機載電腦系統是使用一般電腦,缺點是體積大、重以及耗電量大,故本研究之動機在於發展一個嵌入式電腦的機載控制系統取代原來笨重的一般電腦。
    本研究利用傳統R/C遙控器配合本實驗室自行研發之嵌入式電腦系統與控制程式以提升無人飛機的操控性與穩定性,並使用地面站系統顯示無人飛機之狀態。其中建立了無人飛機之非線性與線性數學模型,做為設計控制律之用,並建立數值模擬環境,做為理論模擬與實際飛行數據比較之用。最後在無人飛機實際飛行過程中驗證整套系統並修正不足之處。

    The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has the advantage of light weight, small size, and better dynamic performance, and it can carry out more kinds of tasks than the manned vehicle. The application of the UAV has become more extensive, and expanded from the military to the folk in recent years. Already there has completely automatic control technology of airship in this laboratory, but because the onboard computer system are the PC-based system, the shortcomings of PC-based system are heavy, big, and high power consumption, so the motive in this research is to develop an onboard control system with embedded system.
    In additional to the traditional remote control system, embedded onboard computer system and control software are developed to improve controllability and stability of the UAV ,and the ground station system shows the information of the UAV in this research.
    The nonlinear and linear mathematical models were built for designing control laws, and set up numerical simulation environment for theoretical simulation and analyze flight data. Finally, the real flight tests are performed verify the whole system and correct the shortcomings.

    誌謝…………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 英文摘要……………………………………………………………Ⅱ 中文摘要……………………………………………………………Ⅲ 目錄…………………………………………………………………Ⅳ 表目錄………………………………………………………………Ⅵ 圖目錄………………………………………………………………Ⅶ 符號說明……………………………………………………………Ⅸ 第一章 緒論 1-1前言………………………………………………………1 1-2無人載具之優點…………………………………………1 1-3研究動機與方法…………………………………………1 1-4文獻回顧…………………………………………………1 1-5章節安排…………………………………………………2 第二章 無人飛行載具系統與次系統架構 2-1整體系統架構說明………………………………………3 2-2無人飛行載具硬體架構…………………………………3 2-3機載控制系統需求………………………………………3 2-4機載控制系統介紹………………………………………5 2-5地面站系統架構…………………………………………6 第三章 飛機制御方程式推導 3-1座標定義…………………………………………………7 3-2座標轉換關係……………………………………………7 3-3制御方程式推導…………………………………………8 3-4線性化數學模型…………………………………………17 第四章 控制律設計與模擬 4-1控制律模式介紹…………………………………………21 4-2控制律設計與模擬………………………………………23 第五章 系統測試與飛行實驗結果 5-1感測器測試………………………………………………27 5-2控制律程式測試…………………………………………30 5-3地面測試…………………………………………………31 5-4實際飛行實驗結果………………………………………32 第六章 結論與未來展望 6-1結論………………………………………………………34 6-2未來展望…………………………………………………34 參考文獻………………………………………………………69 自述……………………………………………………………70

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    Aerodynamic Characteristics of Light, Propeller-Driven
    Airplanes",NASA TN D-6800,1972
    2. Chester H. Wolowicz and Roxanah B. Yancey,”Lateral
    Aerodynamic Characteristics of Light, Propeller-Driven
    Airplanes",NASA TN D-6946,1972
    3. Thomas R. Kane and Peter W. likins and David A. Levinson,
    “Spacecraft dynamics”, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1983
    4. Mario Asselin,”An Introduction to Aircraft Perfomance”,
    American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.,
    1997
    5. Robert C. Nelson, “Flight Stability and Automatic Control”,
    McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1998
    6. Eugene L. Duke, Robert F. Antoniewicz, and Keith D.
    Krambeer,”Derivation and Definition of a Linear Aircraft
    Model”,NASA Reference Publication 1207,1988

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