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研究生: 楊彥鴻
Yang, Yen-hong
論文名稱: 五環素/駢苯衍生物異質結構有機薄膜太陽能電池之研究
Thin film solar cells with pentacene/n-alkyl perylene dimmides hetrostructure
指導教授: 周維揚
Chou, Wei-yang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 光電科學與工程研究所
Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Engineering
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 111
中文關鍵詞: 五環素駢苯衍生物轉換效率有機太陽能電池
外文關鍵詞: Organic solar cells, pentacene, perylene derivatives, power conversion efficiency
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  • 本研究探討以五環素(pentacene)/駢苯衍生物(perylene derivatives, PTCDI)異質接面太陽能電池之特性,利用pentacene作為電子施體有機材料,PTCDI -2C~13C作為電子受體有機材料,製作出異質接面為pentacene/ PTCDI-2C ~13C等12種有機太陽能電池,比較不同碳數的駢苯衍生物對於有機太陽能電池之光電轉換效率之影響。
    在AM1.5G、100 mW/cm2的模擬太陽光下,以pentacene/PTCDI-7C異質接面太陽能電池具有短路電流9.882 mA/cm2、開路電壓0.376 V、填充因數0.523及光電轉換效率達1.945%,皆比其他pentacene/PTCDI-2C ~13C異質接面太陽能電池來的大。由薄膜分析可知PTCDI-7C在這12種太陽能電池中具有較低的電子電洞復合發光效率,可以讓較多激子(exciton)到達異質接面進行電荷分離,減少電子電洞對復合發光的機率;此外,由光激發螢光光譜之峰值位移(peak shift)配合原子力顯微鏡表面結構圖,可以得知當PTCDI-7C成長在pentacene上時會順著pentacene的結構成長薄膜,故較無缺陷產生在P/N接面處;而在其他結構下則無此現象產生,致使在pentacene/PTCDI-7C薄膜中的載子有較大的機會可以移動至電極,使光電流提高,進而使光電轉換效率提高。

    The characteristics of pentacene/perylene derivatives based organic solar cells are investigated in this thesis. Donor and acceptor layers are pentacene and N,N'-dioctyl-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-2~13C), respectively. Twelve organic solar cells with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions were fabricated to study the influence of various alkylic perylene derivatives on the power conversion efficiency.
    Under the sunlight simulator with AM1.5G filter and 100 mW/cm2, the solar cell of pentacene/PTCDI-7C heterojunction with cathode of Ag/Al bilayer has the best performance among the devices with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions. In PL spectrum analyses, the pentacene/PTCDI-7C film had lower recombination rate than the other pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C films; therefore, more excitons could reach the P/N junction and enhance short-circuit current. Furthermore, the PTCDI-7C film grown on the surface of penatcene was more matched than other PTCDI films analyzed by the PL peak shifts of 10 nm and 45 nm thick PTCDI-2~13C and images of atomic force microscope. More lattice match between the films of pentacene and PTCDI resulted in fewer defects in P/N junction and more carries can reach electrodes. Accordingly, the power conversion efficiency approach 2% was obtained from the solar cell with the active layer of pentacene/PTCDI-7C.

    目錄 摘要....................................................II Abstract...............................................III 致謝....................................................IV 目錄.....................................................V 表目錄................................................VIII 圖目錄..................................................IX 第1章 太陽電池的介紹...................................1 1.1 前言.............................................1 1.2 太陽能電池發展現況...............................2 1.2.1 結晶矽太陽能電池..............................2 1.2.2 化合物半導體..................................3 1.2.3 染料敏化電池..................................3 1.2.4 有機半導體....................................4 1.3 未來太陽能產業市場...............................5 1.3.1 世界各國市場需求狀況..........................5 1.3.2 未來太陽能將成為全球主要能源..................5 1.3.3 我國太陽能電池產業發展遠景及策略..............6 第2章 太陽能電池之原理................................14 2.1 光電效應與太陽能電池............................14 2.2 有機太陽能電池工作原理..........................18 2.2.1 光能吸收.....................................18 2.2.2 激子擴散.....................................18 2.2.3 電荷分離.....................................19 2.2.4 電荷收集.....................................20 2.3 太陽光頻譜的定義................................23 2.4 五環素與駢苯衍生物的介..........................24 2.4.1 五環素的介紹.................................24 2.4.2 駢苯衍生物的介紹.............................25 第3章 實驗方法與步驟..................................33 3.1 物理氣象沉積(PVD)的原理與薄膜成長機制….......33 3.2 實驗材料........................................34 3.3 元件製作流程...................................36 3.3.1 微影蝕刻.....................................36 3.3.2 ITO玻璃的清洗................................36 3.3.3 以旋轉塗佈法塗佈上PEDOT:PSS..................37 3.3.4 以熱蒸鍍方式蒸鍍上有機材料層.................37 3.3.5 以熱蒸鍍方式蒸鍍上金屬電極...................38 3.4 元件量測........................................39 3.4.1 校正太陽光模擬器.............................39 3.4.2 J-V特性曲線之量測............................39 3.5 實驗分析儀器....................................40 3.5.1 光激發螢光...................................40 3.5.2 螢光激發光譜.................................41 3.5.3 吸收光譜.....................................41 3.5.4 原子力顯微鏡.................................42 第4章 五環素/烷基駢苯衍生物之異質結構薄膜 太陽能電池之研究...............................47 4.1 前言............................................47 4.2 電性結果與討論..................................49 4.2.1 氧電漿處理對於電性的影響.....................49 4.2.2 大氣下量測的電性.............................52 4.2.3 手套箱中量測的電性...........................53 4.3 薄膜分析........................................56 4.3.1 紫外光─可見光光譜分析.......................56 4.3.2 螢光激發光譜分析.............................57 4.3.3 光激發螢光光譜分析...........................58 4.3.4 原子力顯微鏡表面結構圖.......................61 第5章 結論與未來展望...............................101 5.1 結論...........................................101 5.2 未來展望.......................................102 參考文獻...............................................107

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