摘要

由於地球資源有限，環保議題備受重視，而重複利用舊產品所生產的再製品因具有環保概念能引起消費者的親睞，使得越來越多製造商投入舊產品的再製活動。製造商加入舊產品回收及再製造後，製造商將同時擁有新產品及再製品兩種生產系統，稱之為混合生產系統。
擁有混合生產系統之廠商此時便須考量兩者產品市場間的競爭性，雖然兩者產品之間品質差不多，然而顧客仍然會依照其個人因素及需求挑選產品購買，而產品的價格則影響顧客對於此產品的需求，在此種情況下，廠商如何決定新產品和再製品的價格，便成為一個重要的課題。本研究針對混合生產系統，廠商同時生產新產品和再製品，並且考量兩者產品市場之間的競爭性及生產和再製造過程中所涉及的相關成本。本研究以追求製造商之整體利潤最大化為目的，將製造商總收益函數扣除生產所產生之總成本即為利潤函數，透過尋求新產品與再製品之最佳訂價，提供決策者擬定最佳的訂價策略。藉由本模式協助製造商訂定兩種不同產品的最佳價格，並且因應此市場需求關係下，提供廠商最適生產策略，滿足顧客需求，最後使得廠商獲取最大利潤；對於存貨管理方面，提供製造商了解其存貨成本及缺貨成本的情況，並使得存貨成本及缺貨成本最小化，提升廠商的利潤。

關鍵詞：再製造、混合生產系統

Abstract

Due to the over consumption of the Earth’s resources, the awareness of preserving global environment is gradually important to product manufacturers. It thus becomes a marketing issue that remanufactured products with environmental conscious can attract more consumers which makes manufacturers more active in engaging used-product reproduction activities. When manufacturers collect used-products and perform the remanufacturing process, manufacturers will have both production systems for manufacturing and remanufacturing which are then called “Hybrid system with remanufacturing.”
Manufacturers with hybrid systems have to consider the competition of demands for the two products produced by the two production systems when selling products. Customer will choose either product according to their preferences including product prices. It is desirable to set proper prices for both products. In this paper, a manufacturer with a hybrid system which produces two types of products simultaneously is considered. By considering the demand substitution and competition of the two product types and their corresponding costs, we proposed an approach to obtain the proper prices for both the new product and remanufactured product along with their optimal production quantities to maximize the manufacturer’s overall expected profits.

Key words: remanufacturing, hybrid system

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