近年來，全球氣候變遷所導致瞬時高強度降雨頻率越來越高，進而提高了山區的洪災風險。高洪災風險地區先天因地理環境因素，加上近年來因氣候變遷影響土地穩定性相較平地更難以掌握，因此面臨重大天然災害時，所產生的傷亡以及損失較其他地區更為嚴重。高洪災風險地區土地使用之複雜性與重要性甚鉅，因此急需一套不同於一般地區之土地使用規劃架構，使得此地區未來能夠維持既有社經水準前提下，降低受到災害的影響。
過去以高洪災風險地區為實證地區的土地使用架構研究不在少數，但對於土地使用規劃面向上皆只針對一種或兩種面向做討論，較少研究是同時針對多個面向做比較，因此無法完整建構高洪災風險地區特性的土地使用規劃架構。另一方面，傳統數學規劃常被做為建構土地使用規劃模式的最佳化方法，但由於無法將其成果反映至空間上，導致最佳化成果較難與政策面做連結。有鑑於此，本研究試圖結合地理資訊系統與數學規劃方法建構一個多目標土地使用最佳化配置模式。
本研究結合地理資訊系統與數學規劃方法建構一個多目標土地使用最佳化配置模式並以曾文集水區為實證地區依據都市發展狀況設定三種土地使用情境，三種情境最佳化後的目標值以及各指標皆較現況大幅改善，且透過各土地使用類別轉換比率找出可對未來土地使用配置調整，此外套疊安全堪慮地區圖更可發現最佳化配置後之建成區離災害發生地區較遠。由此可知，本研究所建構的高洪災風險地區多目標土地使用最佳模式的確可以改善地區整體目標並找出未來土地使用調整策略，使得未來土地使用配置更適合因應未來氣候變遷及人為發展需求。

Due to the global climate change, momentarily high intensive rainfalls happened frequently in the recent years, and it further resulted in the higher flood risk in the mountain areas. Recently, under the global climate change, it is more difficult to keep the land stable, in addition to the geographical location, the high flood risk areas are more easily threatened by natural catastrophes than the plains. Considering the importance and complexity of the land use in these areas, it needs a new land use planning approach which is different from those applied in the general areas. In that way, not only the existing socio-economic level in these areas can be maintained, but also the impact of natural catastrophes can be reduced.
In the past, there were a lot of researches on the land use in high flood risk areas. But most of them focused merely on one or two aspects, few had considered comprehensively the constructing framework of land use planning in these areas. On the other hand, though we often use traditional mathematic planning to construct the model of land use as an optimal approach, the results can not be reflected to geographical map, so that the outcomes of this optimal approach are not practical for the land use planner. Therefore this study tries to combine the geographic information system and mathematical programming to construct a multi-objective spatial optimization model.
This study constructs a multi-objective spatial optimization model and the case study of this model is in Tsengwen Reservoir Watershed. According to urban development, this study creates three scenarios to find the difference of land use pattern. The result shows that each scenario can improve the total values and indicators well. Through transforming rate, it also can adjust the land use pattern. Additionally, through mapping overlay, we can find that the built up area far from disaster area after optimization. Therefore, this multi-objective spatial optimization model can indeed improve existing land use pattern which can respond to the impact of climate change and human activities in the future.

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