| 研究生: |
蔡明哲 Tsai, Ming-Che |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
臨界轉換區非定常分離泡於有限高圓柱之特性研究 Investigations of unsteadiness separation bubble around finite circular cylinder at transition critical regime |
| 指導教授: |
苗君易
Miau, Jiun-Jih |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 航空太空工程學系 Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics |
| 論文出版年: | 2021 |
| 畢業學年度: | 109 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 126 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 有限高圓柱 、非定常現現象 、流場可視化 、風洞實驗 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Finite cylinder, Unsteadiness, Wind tunnel experiment, Flow visualization |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:106 下載:7 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
有限高圓柱為現代建築常出現之外觀,另一方面在競速比賽中人體不同部位也可以比擬成不同高寬比圓柱,均需要藉由探討受圓柱流場來深入了解所受影響。
本研究為探討非定常分離泡於臨界區之特性研究,吾一開始先以高寬比(Aspect ration)1、2、3、4之有限高圓柱進行油膜實驗,觀察其因雷諾數上升表面流場的變化,藉此了解流場對圓柱不同位置之影響,且進一步觀察不同高寬比圓柱流場三維性。
本實驗使用高寬比2圓柱模型來進行壓力量測,並使用間歇性係數此統計方法來量化兩側之間歇性現象搭配不對稱指標,分成四種狀態,判斷兩側隨著雷諾數增加,判斷其各狀態出現時間歇性因子變化,與出現單分離泡狀態時其非對稱於何側來判斷整個流場特性。
隨後並透過各種不同實驗的配合分析出三高層生成分離泡同步性與出現分離泡時不同角度壓力孔受影響是否存在相關性並使用頻譜分析來分析渦流溢放是否出現。
This research aims to study unsteadiness separation bubble around the finite cylinder at transition critical regime, First, oil-film visualization was used to observe the flow around the different aspect ratio (AR=1, 2, 3and 4) finite cylinders. The flow phenomenon observed could be categorized into three regions. Namely, there is the free end at the upper level of the model, the middle level where the flow can be regarded as passing over an uniform circular cylinder, and the lower level where the flow is constricted by the junction of the cylinder model, and along of the Reynold number increasing the cylinder surface flow field changing and can observe interesting phenomenon respectively the separation line and separation bubble switch each other at critical regime, two separation lines at low Reynold number, and can be observed finite circular cylinder flow field three-dimension because influence by tip vortex and induced vortex。
This research uses the intermittency factor and Asymmetric indicator to quantify the unsteadiness phenomenon in order to describe the two sides of separation bubble generate and when occur one-bubble state the separation bubble generate at which side, so we can clearly understand the separation bubble during one bubble state , on the other hand the oil-film result can further match our real-time pressure signals。
We analyzed the pressure using the fast Fourier transform to find the vortex shedding frequency in the experimental Reynold number regime and used correlation analysis gather additional data on factors influencing each pressure holes during separation bubble generation。
[1] 林明弘, "均勻流中圓柱體形建築物表面風壓之風洞實驗," 中央大學土木工程學系學位論文, pp1-114, 2003.
[2] H. Chowdhury, F. Alam, and A. Subic, "Aerodynamic performance evaluation of sports textile," Procedia Engineering, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 2517-2522, 2010.
[3] T. Von Karman, "Über den Mechanismus des Widerstandes, den ein bewegter Körper in einer Flüssigkeit erfährt," Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, Mathematisch-Physikalische Klasse, vol. 1911, pp. 509-517, 1911.
[4] G. Taylor, "Pressure distribution round a cylinder," ACA, R&M, no. 191, 1916.
[5] C. Wieselsberger, "Further information on the laws of fluid resistance," 1922.
[6] M. M. Zdravkovich, "Flow Around Circular Cylinders Volume 1:fundamentals" Oxford University Press, Oxford, vol. 19,p.185,1997 2002.
[7] A. Roshko, "Experiments on the flow past a circular cylinder at very high Reynolds number," Journal of fluid mechanics, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 345-356, 1961.
[8] E. Achenbach, "Distribution of local pressure and skin friction around a circular cylinder in cross-flow up to Re= 5× 106," Journal of fluid Mechanics, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 625-639, 1968.
[9] E. Achenbach and E. Heinecke, "On vortex shedding from smooth and rough cylinders in the range of Reynolds numbers 6× 103 to 5× 106," Journal of fluid mechanics, vol. 109, pp. 239-251, 1981.
[10] P. W. Bearman, "On vortex shedding from a circular cylinder in the critical Reynolds number regime," Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 577-585, 1969.
[11] C. Farell and J. Blessmann, "On critical flow around smooth circular cylinders," Journal of fluid mechanics, vol. 136, pp. 375-391, 1983.
[12] T. ADACHI, K. MATsUUcHI, S. MATSUDA, and T. KAWAI, "On the force and vortex shedding on a circular cylinder from subcritical up to transcritical Reynolds numbers," Bulletin of JSME, vol. 28, no. 243, pp. 1906-1909, 1985.
[13] F. Eisner, "Pressure measurements on cylinders surrounded by flowing fluid," Z. angew. Math. Mech, vol. 5, p. 486, 1925.
[14] D. Almosnino and K. W. McAlister, "Water-Tunnel Study of Transition Flow Around Circular Cylinders," NATIONAL AERONUATICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION MOFFETT FIELD CA AMES RESEARCH …, 1984.
[15] G. Schewe, "Reynolds-number effects in flow around more-or-less bluff bodies," Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 89, no. 14-15, pp. 1267-1289, 2001.
[16] R. Basu, "Aerodynamic forces on structures of circular cross-section. Part 1. Model-scale data obtained under two-dimensional conditions in low-turbulence streams," Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 273-294, 1985.
[17] H. Schlichting, "Boundary Layer Theory, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1979," FIGURE CAPTIONS solid curve displays the exact solution. The difference between the exact solution and the eighth QLM iteration for all t in the figure is less than, pp. 10-10, 1979.
[18] G. Schewe, "On the force fluctuations acting on a circular cylinder in crossflow from subcritical up to transcritical Reynolds numbers," Journal of fluid mechanics, vol. 133, pp. 265-285, 1983.
[19] S. Zan and K. Matsuda, "Steady and unsteady loading on a roughened circular cylinder at Reynolds numbers up to 900,000," Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 90, no. 4-5, pp. 567-581, 2002.
[20] A. Roshko, "Perspectives on bluff body aerodynamics," Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 49, no. 1-3, pp. 79-100, 1993.
[21] J. Miau, H. Tsai, Y. Lin, J. Tu, C. Fang, and M. Chen, "Experiment on smooth, circular cylinders in cross-flow in the critical Reynolds number regime," Experiments in fluids, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 949-967, 2011.
[22] Y.-J. Lin, J.-J. Miau, J.-K. Tu, and H.-W. Tsai, "Nonstationary, three-dimensional aspects of flow around circular cylinder at critical Reynolds numbers," AIAA journal, vol. 49, no. 9, pp. 1857-1870, 2011.
[23] D. Sumner, "Flow above the free end of a surface-mounted finite-height circular cylinder: a review," Journal of Fluids and Structures, vol. 43, pp. 41-63, 2013.
[24] N. Rostamy, D. Sumner, D. Bergstrom, and J. Bugg, "Local flow field of a surface-mounted finite circular cylinder," Journal of Fluids and Structures, vol. 34, pp. 105-122, 2012.
[25] D. Sumner, J. Heseltine, and O. Dansereau, "Wake structure of a finite circular cylinder of small aspect ratio," Experiments in Fluids, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 720-730, 2004.
[26] M. Adaramola, O. Akinlade, D. Sumner, D. Bergstrom, and A. Schenstead, "Turbulent wake of a finite circular cylinder of small aspect ratio," Journal of Fluids and Structures, vol. 22, no. 6-7, pp. 919-928, 2006.
[27] S. Okamoto and Y. Sunabashiri, "Vortex shedding from a circular cylinder of finite length placed on a ground plane," Journal of Fluids Engineering, vol. 114, no4, pp.512-521, 1992.
[28] T. A. Fox and G. West, "Fluid-induced loading of cantilevered circular cylinders in a low-turbulence uniform flow. Part 1: mean loading with aspect ratios in the range 4 to 30," Journal of Fluids and Structures, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-14, 1993.
[29] J. L. Heseltine, "Flow around a circular cylinder with a free end," University of Saskatchewan, 2003.
[30] J. L. Helman and L. Hesselink, "Visualizing vector field topology in fluid flows," IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 36-46, 1991.
[31] 李信宏,"有限高柱體頂部下沖氣流對 Karman 型態渦流溢放影響實驗之研究," 成功大學航空太空工程學系學位論文, pp. 1-106, 2011.
[32] H. Wang, Y. Zhou, C. Chan, and K. S. Lam, "Effect of initial conditions on interaction between a boundary layer and a wall-mounted finite-length-cylinder wake," Physics of Fluids, vol. 18, no. 6, p. 065106, 2006.
[33] W. Eckerle and L. Langston, "Horseshoe vortex formation around a cylinder," in Turbo Expo: Power for Land, Sea, and Air, 1986, vol. 79283: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, p. V001T01A109.
[34] C. Baker, "The turbulent horseshoe vortex," Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 6, no. 1-2, pp. 9-23, 1980.
[35] S. Roh and S. Park, "Vortical flow over the free end surface of a finite circular cylinder mounted on a flat plate," Experiments in fluids, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 63-67, 2003.
[36] G. West and C. Apelt, "Measurements of fluctuating pressures and forces on a circular cylinder in the reynolds number range 104 to 2· 5× 105," Journal of fluids and structures, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 227-244, 1993.
[37] M. Kiya, Y. Suzuki, M. Arie, and M. Hagino, "A contribution to the free-stream turbulence effect on the flow past a circular cylinder," Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 115, pp. 151-164, 1982.
[38] A. Fage, "The effects of turbulence and surface roughness on the drag of a circular cylinder," Rep, Memo., vol. 1, 1929.
[39] G. Buresti, "The effect of surface roughness on the flow regime around circular cylinders," Journal of wind engineering and industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 8, no. 1-2, pp. 105-114, 1981.
[40] E. Achenbach, "Influence of surface roughness on the cross-flow around a circular cylinder," Journal of fluid mechanics, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 321-335, 1971.
[41] J. Cheung and W. Melbourne, "Turbulence effects on some aerodynamic parameters of a circular cylinder at supercritical numbers," Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol. 14, no. 1-3, pp. 399-410, 1983.
[42] 蔡宗修, "二維力平衡儀設計 & 布料粗糙度對圓柱空氣動力特性之影響," 成功大學航空太空工程學系學位論文pp.1-203, 2017.
[43] 蔡佳樺, "有限高圓柱表面流場於臨界雷諾數之特性研究," 成功大學航空太空工程學系學位論文pp. 1-142, 2018.
[44] 吳霽麒, "高寬比對有限高圓柱流場於臨界區特性之影響," 成功大學航空太空工程學系學位論文pp. 1-159, 2019.
[45] 王政傑, "開放式低速風洞校驗及交叉軸式風力發電機空氣動力性能研究," 成功大學航空太空工程學系學位論文pp. 1-54, 2016.
[46] F. E, "How to measure turbulence with hot-wire anemometers, DANTEC DYNAMICS" 2002.
[47] S. M. Gorlin, Wind tunnels and their instrumentation (no. 346). Israel Program for Scientific Translation, 1966.
[48] J. Hunt, C. Abell, J. Peterka, and H. Woo, "Kinematical studies of the flows around free or surface-mounted obstacles; applying topology to flow visualization," Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 179-200, 1978.
[49] K. Pearson, "Notes on the history of correlation," Biometrika, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 25-45, 1920.
[50] R. Deshpande, V. Kanti, A. Desai, and S. Mittal, "Intermittency of laminar separation bubble on a sphere during drag crisis," Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 812, p. 815, 2017.
[51] G. Chopra and S. Mittal, "The intermittent nature of the laminar separation bubble on a cylinder in uniform flow," Computers & Fluids, vol. 142, pp. 118-127, 2017.
[52] 方東, "水滴翼型之阻力劇變現象實驗研究," 成功大學航空太空工程學系學位論文pp. 1-50, 2018.
[53] B. Gölling, U. C. Dallmann, and H.-P. Kreplin, "Experimental Investigations on Active and Dynamic Instability Control of Separated Turbulent Wing/Cylinder-Flows," in Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Technologies: Springer, 2001, pp. 369-376.
[54] J. Miau, C. Fang, M. Chen, C. Wang, and Y. Lai, "Discrete Transition of Flow Over a Circular Cylinder at Precritical Reynolds Numbers," AIAA journal, vol. 52, no. 11, pp. 2576-2586, 2014.
[55] U. Dallmann and G. Schewe, "On topological changes of separating flow structures at transition Reynolds numbers," in 19th AIAA, Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics, and Lasers Conference, 1987, p. 1266.
[56] H. Wang, Y. Zhou, and J. Mi, "Effects of aspect ratio on the drag of a wall-mounted finite-length cylinder in subcritical and critical regimes," Experiments in fluids, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 423-436, 2012.