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研究生: 王運杰
Wang, Yun-Chieh
論文名稱: 水波獵能器設計製作與測試
Design, Realization and Testing of a Water-Wave Energy Harvester
指導教授: 楊天祥
Yang, Tian-Shiang
共同指導: 陳國聲
Chen, Kuo-Sheng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 156
中文關鍵詞: 再生能源 、波浪能 、波浪獵能器 、振盪浮體型系統 、拖曳水槽
外文關鍵詞: Renewable energy, Wave energy, Water-wave energy harvesters, Oscillating body system
相關次數: 點閱:178  下載:0 
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  • 面對全球的自然資源消耗,以及全球減少碳排放量的環境保護趨勢。再生能源是目前各界努力開發的一種能源形式,其中海浪能源因為有著高能量密度以及我國自然地理的環境優勢,故海浪能源非常值得在我國發展。本實驗室先前也針對水波獵能器之數學、數值以及實驗模型做過相關研究,在本研究中將會建立水波獵能器於拖曳水槽中做實驗測試。在去拖曳水槽實驗之前為了測試新型的儲能整流電路,將建置一小型版本的水波獵能器於實驗室內,其中包含驅動系統與獵能系統,利用驅動系統模擬真實海浪拍打情形,並實際測試獵能系統各元件之物性,收斂實測系統設計之參考。
    在拖曳水槽版本的水波獵能系統將使用震盪浮標型(oscillating body)系統的運作模式,其中包含了三大系統,分別為浮標獵能系統、發電機端系統以及儲能系統,透過台灣中部沿海之海象與拖曳水槽中做相似性分析可以得知拖曳水槽中波浪週期為1.2 s, 1.4 s, 1.6 s與波高5 cm, 10 cm,以及系統轉動慣量分別為 、 的發電機系統作為實驗變數,利用人造波浪使浮標上下運動帶動齒條運動使發電機端系統上的齒輪產生運轉,將其電能輸入至新型的可調式電容容值的儲能電路當中。實驗結果指出若使用發電機端系統轉動慣量為 相對於 時,可以提升約2.5倍的能量轉換效率,在實驗變數當中在波浪週期為1.4 s波高為10 cm且轉動慣量為 時,最大能量轉換效率可以達到14.2%。雖然本實驗系統與相關文獻的效率有所差距,但對於整體研究而言,此初步之研究以證明此水波獵能系統有一定的可行性,並對未來高效率的水波獵能器提出實質的改善方法與建議。

    To fulfill the global environmental protection requirements of carbon emission reduction, the use of renewable energy has to be increased. And water wave energy certainly is one important form of renewable energy worth further development. In this work, a water wave energy harvester is designed and constructed for experimental testing in the towing tank at NCKU. But to test and optimize the performance of our energy storage electronics before carrying out the tests in the towing tank, a small apparatus is built in our laboratory, which includes a driving system and an energy harvesting system that mimics the wave energy harvester. Moreover, the performance of various components of the energy harvester system also is calibrated and tested in the laboratory, so as to optimize the system design to be physically tested in the towing tank. Specifically, the towing tank version of the wave energy harvester system includes three major systems, namely a mechanical mechanism driven by an oscillating buoy transmitting the wave motion, a generator system converting the mechanical energy of the mechanism to electric energy, and an energy storage system. Through dynamical similarity analysis, nearshore wave data collected on the west coast of central Taiwan are used to determine the experimental parameters, such that the tested system can be thought of as a 1/4 model of a prototype that hopefully can be deployed in the ocean (in the future). It is found in the towing tank tests that, with a wave period of 1.4 s and a wave height of 10 cm, when the moment of inertia is 6.14×10−3 kg ⋅m2 , the maximum energy conversion efficiency of 14.2% can be achieved. This preliminary study shows that the wave energy harvester design has a certain feasibility and worth further development.

    摘要 i Abstract ii 致謝 xxix 圖目錄 xxxiii 表目錄 xl 符號說明 xli 1. 緒論 1 1.1 研究目的 1 1.2 水波獵能器之主要類型及文獻 3 1.2.1 水波獵能器之振盪水柱型(Oscillating water column) 3 1.2.2 水波獵能器之振盪浮體型(Oscillating body) 4 1.2.3 水波獵能器之溢頂式型(Over topping) 5 1.2.4 實驗室先前研究 6 1.3 研究架構 15 2. 獵能器技術背景簡介 16 2.1 本章介紹 16 2.2 波浪理論分析 17 2.3 直流馬達發電機 25 2.4 音圈馬達的工作原理(VCM) 26 2.4.1 音圈馬達為制動器時的工作原理及用途 26 2.4.2 音圈馬達為發電機時的工作原理及用途 27 2.5 儲能整流電路 28 2.6 機電模型分析 31 2.7 本章小結 38 3. 實驗室內波浪獵能原型系統建置 39 3.1 本章介紹 39 3.2 驅動系統的建置與設計 40 3.3 獵能系統的設計與製作 44 3.4 建立整流儲能電路 47 3.5 建立電壓輸出與量測實驗 48 3.6 本章小結 52 4. 實驗室內波浪獵能原型系統之效能表現 53 4.1 本章介紹 53 4.2 電壓輸出表現 54 4.3 系統阻尼分析及儲能表現 59 4.4 本章小結 66 5. 拖曳水槽之水波獵能系統建置 67 5.1 本章介紹 67 5.2 實驗系統的相似分析 69 5.3 造波機參數設置 72 5.4 建置實驗平台支撐架 75 5.5 建置實驗獵能系統 79 5.6 建立儲能整流電路 87 5.7 建立電壓輸出與量測實驗 90 5.8 本章小結 93 6. 拖曳水槽中水波獵能器系統效能表現 94 6.1 本章介紹 94 6.2 發電機效能測試與分析 95 6.2.1 發電機在負載電路中的分析 95 6.2.2 發電機在儲能電路中的分析 110 6.3 在不同造波參數下效能表現 121 6.4 本章小結 135 7. 研究結果綜合討論 136 7.1 本章介紹 136 7.2 儲能整流電路系統設計 137 7.3 獵能系統的設計結果與效能影響因素 140 7.4 系統動態模擬分析規劃 143 7.5 本章小結 146 8. 結論與未來展望 147 8.1 結論 147 8.2 本文貢獻 148 8.3 未來工作與展望 149 參考文獻 152

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