本研究使用四部主機共八顆CPU配合Gigabit乙太網路媒體建置PC Cluster硬體平台，該硬體平台安裝Red Hat Linux 9作業系統，搭配高儲存容量之磁碟陣列，並安裝適用於平行化運算之MPI函式庫MPICH，以進行Models-3/CMAQ空氣品質模式之模擬工作。在純系統效能之測試上，本系統最快可獲得13.3Gflops的浮點運算效能，且實際模擬網格大小為三公里，網格數量為70x100，垂直分層為15層，模擬期程為192個小時，模擬機制使用CB-IV時，所需要的實際系統操作時間僅需5小時以內即可處理完畢。若以本系統用於處理隔天亦即一天的空氣品質預報作業時，整體的一貫流程應可於70分鐘內完成，故本硬體平台應可滿足目前台灣地區空氣品質模式所需要的高速運算能力。

　　本研究使用台灣地區已廣泛使用之排放量資料庫系統TEDS 5.1作為基礎排放量，配合各污染源之成長係數的推算後推估得2002/12及2003/10高臭氧濃度事件日期間的排放量，然而由2003/10月份之案例模擬中發現，線源排放量在高雄縣市交界處的一般平面道路NOx排放應有高估的情況。在假設空氣品質模式理論與程式設計均為正確的前提下，本研究透過給予整個排放源單一物種的校正因子以訂正TEDS資料庫，最終發現面源與線源之揮發性有機物分別給予校正因子為3與4時，可得模式模擬的最佳結果。利用處理完畢之排放量進行Models-3/CMAQ之模擬，發現臭氧尖峰非配對誤差大部分均小於20%的可接受範圍，且臭氧濃度大於60ppb之配對誤差均小於模式規範要求的30%誤差內，顯示出本模式已可有效的模擬出南高屏地區的臭氧濃度。

　　若以此模式分析南高屏地區電廠排放對週界臭氧濃度的衝擊效應時，發現電廠高煙囪排放對南高屏地區在東北季風盛行的情況下，若南高屏地區產生窩流效應時，則整個南高屏地區的臭氧濃度將明顯的具有2-5ppb的臭氧增量，若無窩流效應時，則臭氧增量將發生於台灣西南方海面上，並不會影響到台灣陸地。同時，若以三維繪圖軟體vis5d進行解析時，可發現南高屏地區發生窩流效應的夜間，部分臭氧將滯留於美濃地區內部的山區之間。

　　若以此模式分析高速公路網之改變對於週界臭氧濃度的影響時，模式分析出：開發二高後，在不同測站將造成臭氧尖峰濃度的改變。一般而言，開發二高會造成南高屏地區臭氧濃度普遍升高1-2ppb，單站單日尖峰值則甚至可提升臭氧最大小時濃度達9ppb左右。由於模式模擬的總排放量不變，因此可說明造成臭氧濃度的提升僅由於高速公路的排放量之空間分佈產生改變，亦即是氮氧化物的排放空間分佈改變而已。因而制訂管制策略時，應同時考慮排放空間的分佈。

　　To perform air quality simulation studies in Taiwan, a PC cluster system with four personal computers with eight CPUs, a gigabit Ethernet switch and a RAID storage system has been setup. The operating system of the personal computer is Red Hat Linux 9, and a parallel library, MPICH, is installed. Finally, an air quality model framework, Models-3/CMAQ, is setup in the PC cluster system.

　　The maximum performance of this system is about 13.3 Giga floats per second, which is tested by HPL software. The total CPU time is about 5 hours for an air quality simulation case, which with the following parameters: grid size is 70x100, vertical layer is 15 layers, chemical mechanism is CB4, computation scheme is ebi_cb4, and simulation period is 192 hours. Thus, a 24 hours forecasting case might be done within 70 minutes by using this cluster system. Furthermore, this PC cluster system is suitable for air quality simulation work.

　　Two ozone episodes, 2002/12/14-17 and 2003/10/25-11/1 are selected to perform simulation works. Taiwan Emission Data System, TEDS with version 5.1, which based on year 2000 is used for emission inventory data in this study. At first, the emission inventory data is updated to 2002/12 and 2003/10. However, simulation results based on the updated emission inventory data show NO concentrations are over-estimation at Kaohsiung city and O3 concentrations are under estimated about 18%-50% at every site. The over estimation of mobile source emission in Kaohsiung city may cause NO concentration over estimation. While assuming the air quality and meteorological factors are correct, the under estimation of O3 concentrations may be caused by the uncertainty in emission data. Thus, an adjust factor has used in each emission type to correct the emission data of TEDS. The adjust factor of VOCs for area and mobile source is 3 and 4, respectively, and this adjustment of emission make the good simulation results for O3 concentrations. The simulation results using the adjusted emission show that the mean errors of the unpaired peak O3 concentration are generally less than 20%; and those of the paired O3 concentrations with greater then 60ppb are less than 30%. Correspondingly, the results simulated by the model are highly consistent with observed data.

　　One case study evaluates the effects of emissions from power plants on the ambient air quality, especially O3 concentration by Models-3/CMAQ between 2003/10/25 and 2003/11/1. Three power plants locate in southern Taiwan contributed about 6.7% and 8% for NOx and SOx, respectively. Simulation results indicated that ambient O3 concentrations increased about 2 to 5 ppb in Kaoping area, while wind field formed eddy situation in southern Taiwan. However, the increased O3 concentrations will be transported to south-west sea of Taiwan, while no eddy situation occurred. Vis5d, a free OpenGL-based volumetric visualization program for scientific datasets in 3+ dimensions, is used to analyze the distribution of O3 concentrations. The analysis results show O3 concentrations will be remained at night in inland of Kaohsiung County, while eddy situation occurred.

　　Another case study evaluates the impacts of emissions from the first and second highways on the ambient air quality, especially O3 concentration by Models-3/CMAQ between 2002/12/14 and 2002/12/17. Simulation results indicated that most ambient O3 concentrations increased by more than 2 ppb with hourly increments of up to 6 ppb, in both scenarios. Although the total emissions were the same, the differences among emission locations were responsible for substantial differences in ozone concentrations. The ozone concentrations decreased along the highway as the emissions increased, because of NO titration. However, the ozone concentrations were greater at sites that were further downwind. Therefore, the ozone concentrations changed significantly with the highway network, given the same total emission. The differences in ozone concentrations were caused by the changes in the emission locations of NOx.

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