研究背景: 台灣2016當年新增2,441人愛滋病毒感染者，平均一天新增6.6名感染者，世界衛生組織建議愛滋病感染者診斷後應立即服藥，然而藥物治療需長期且服藥遵從性高，以防止藥物耐藥性產生及病毒的複製，導致治療失敗。但當愛滋病毒感染者有好的服藥準備，能提高其服藥遵從性，因此在愛滋病藥物治療開始前，需謹慎評估病人的準備度。
研究目的: 一、了解愛滋病感染者的人口學特性對愛滋病感染者服藥準備度的影響。二、了解愛滋病感染者的臨床特性對愛滋病感染者服藥準備度的影響。三、了解服藥準備度與開始服藥的相關。
研究方法:本研究採回溯性次級資料分析法，使用台灣護理學會研究計畫「影響愛滋感染者服藥準備度、遵從性及體內病毒量抑制之相關因素」之資料進行分析。運用線性迴歸與邏輯式迴歸描述影響愛滋病感染者的服藥準備度因素。再以kaplan-meier法及Cox-regression分析，從診斷到開始服藥時間的關係。
研究結果: 本研究發現中文版HMRS，其服藥準備度切點為23.5分，而會影響HIV感染者的服藥準備度，有兩個重要因素。第一為同住者知道感染情形之感染者的服藥準備度相對較佳；第二為CD4越低之感染者，其服藥準備度越佳。透過kaplan-meier法及Cox-regression分析，發現服藥準備度高分組顯著較低分組提早開始服用抗病毒藥物，服藥準備度分數與開始服藥時間是有顯著差異。
結論：愛滋病感染者服藥準備度分數越高，從診斷到開始服藥時間的時間越短，而同住者知道感染情形及CD4影響到服藥準備度最重要之因素。建議醫療人員在感染者確診後，首要評估其服藥準備度，並協助感染者告知重要他人其感染情形，對於CD4高者，給予更多衛教與協助，幫助感染者盡早達成服藥準備。

Background: There were 2,441 patients with newly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosed and on average about 6.6 new cases per day in 2016. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that people with HIV infection need to begin treatment immediately after diagnosis. Adherence to long-term medication treatment is important to prevent drug resistance and virus replication, which could results in treatment failure. Patients with good medication readiness, they can improve their medication Adherence. Therefore, the readiness of medication treatment of HIV patients needs to be assessed carefully before the initiation of treatment.
Purposes: The study aimed to determine the association between the demographic and clinical characteristics and the readiness of medication among people living with HIV and to explore the relationship between the readiness of medication and the period from diagnosis to initiation of medication among people with HIV.
Methods: A retrospective secondary data analysis was conducted in this study. The dataset of “HIV medication readiness, adherence and viral load suppression among HIV-infected patients” from Taiwan Nurses Association research projects was used. Linear regression and logistic regression were used to investigate the factors that affect the medication readiness of HIV patients. Kaplan-meier method and Cox-regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between the readiness of medication and the period from diagnosis to initiation of medication among people with HIV.
Result: The cut point of medication readiness was 23.5 scale in Chinese version of HIV medication readiness scale (HMRS). There are two important factors associated with the readiness of medication on HIV patients. First, HIV patients who had people lived together and knew the infectious status of patients shown a higher readiness of the medication. Second, HIV patients with lower CD4 had the higher readiness of the medication as well. Kaplan-meier method and Cox-regression analysis indicated that the group with higher readiness of the medication initiated the medication treatment earlier than the lower readiness group. Moreover, the period from diagnosis to initiation of medication among people with HIV was significantly decreased in the group with the higher readiness of the medication.
Conclusion: The higher medication readiness score of the infected person, the shorter time from diagnosis to initiation of medication. However, HIV patients who had people lived together and knew the infectious status of patients and CD4 are the most important factors affecting the readiness of medication. It is recommended that patients' medication readiness should be primarily assessed after being diagnosed with HIV. In addition, medical personnel should assist patients in informing the important person of his infection, and help the infected person to get ready for medication as soon as possible.

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