為了促進鋰離子電池於電動船之應用，本論文使用基於庫倫積分法之擴展式卡爾曼濾波器來實現電池剩餘電量的估測。一套精準的電池剩餘電量估測技術，將可提升電池之可靠性、壽命及性能，此外，也促使電動船於操作過程中，有一個良好的動態行為，甚至是確保電動船運行的可靠性。因此，以一套適當的電池管理機制作為電動船電池系統的主要樞紐，不但可提升電池本身的可靠性，也可讓駕駛者容易地去監控電池狀態。本論文將敘述如何判定鋰離子電池之剩餘電量，同時也驗證基於電池等效電路之擴展式卡爾曼濾波器於充放電行為時的估測效果。
此外，為了符合電動船之高操作電壓，電池必須依靠串聯的方式來達成，但串聯成為電池組後，會有不平衡的問題，甚至這樣的問題可能會因透過並聯方式來提升電池組容量而更加劇烈。由於電池生產的公差、溫度分布不均或是電池老化等問題，這些因素都可能會造成串聯電池組中之個別電池因過充放電而損壞。雖然目前已有許多平衡方式來解決電池組不平衡之問題，本論文提出全域式主動互補平衡方式來避免電池組中個別電池有過充放電的問題產生，而此方式之平衡時間將少於局部式的平衡方法。

To enhance the use of lithium-ion batteries in electric boat applications, an approach for state of charge (SOC) estimation based on the coulomb counting method with an extended Kalman filter (EKF) is evaluated in this thesis. A good estimation of SOC can improve battery’s reliability, longevity and performance. Besides, an accurate estimate of the SOC gurantee a good behavior of the dynamic boat operating conditions and even ensures a reliable running of a pure electric boat in practice. Thus, a proper battery management acts as the main hub for the boat’s electrical system making battery status reliable and easier to monitor from a display at the helm. This thesis will describe how to determine the SOC of lithium-ion batteries and verify charge and discharge phenomena in lithium-ion batteries on the basis of the equivalent circuit diagram and the EKF.
Moreover, batteries such as those used for electric boat applications are made up from long strings of cells in series in order to achieve higher operating voltages are particularly vulnerable. The problems can be compounded if parallel packs of cells are required to achieve the desired capacity or power levels. Because of production tolerances, uneven temperature distribution and differences in the aging characteristics of particular cells, it is possible that individual cells in a series chain could become overstressed leading to premature failure of the cell. Although various methods of cell balancing have been developed to address this problem by equalizing the stress on the cells, this thesis presents a global and active cell balancing scheme to prevent individual cells from becoming overstressed which is less time consuming than in a partial cell balancing.

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