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研究生: 任雅婷
Jen, Kristin Tu
論文名稱: 自行車結合大眾運輸之綜合運輸偏好研究:以高雄橋頭、南岡山廠站為例
Analysis on Passenger’s Preference of Intermodal Transportation: A Case Study of Kaohsiung Ciaotou and Ganshang South Stations
指導教授: 石豐宇
shih, Feng-Yu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 規劃與設計學院 - 建築學系碩士在職專班
Department of Architecture (on the job class)
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 103
中文關鍵詞: 綜合運輸因子分析個體運具選擇多項巢式羅吉特模式
外文關鍵詞: intermodal connection, factor analysis, mode choice model, multinomial Nested Logit model
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  • 因不有效的土地使用、環境失衡、交通擁擠、加上對於健康的重視,政府的政策近年來致力於大眾運輸導向發展(Transit Oriented Development)與綜合運輸(Intermodal transportation)。自行車交通為發展都市時使用的其一設計概念,而臺灣屬於高密度國家,有潛力發展具有經濟效益的自行車交通。

    位於高雄的橋頭新市鎮設有四個捷運站,鄰近的火車、公車站與公路提供便利的交通,與自行車做良好的搭配時可以讓市鎮發展更加成功。考量新市鎮計畫期望帶進的新住戶與目前居民的交通通勤旅次行為,故提出以敘述性偏好法探討旅運者在綜合運輸上偏好的服務。因自行車騎乘者受到體力的限制,進而縮短旅次的距離。而廠站與居住地點的距離也影響人們使用大眾運輸的意願,如從使用者的觀點提供自行車與人同車接駁的服務,期望可以提升接駁的運量。探討的項目一為使用自行車做為綜合運輸的運具,二為轉乘運具的屬性,三為轉乘提供的服務,四為社會經濟變數。

    本研究意在於回答:如何發展自行車隨行接駁以更加優化自行車騎乘者的機動性與提高使用自行車通勤的意願?
    本研究使用因子分析、敘述性偏好法與多項羅吉特模式進行變異數的分析,目的在於釐清下列:
    1.影響自行車騎乘的因子
    2.變異數之間的關係以及影響使用自行車通勤的變數
    3.了解目前尚未提供的設施服務對於民眾的重要性與未來的實施可行性

    藉由了解上述的面相來提供政府政策改良上的建議。

    Due to increasing concerns on inefficient land use, environmental degradation, and traffic congestion, the government in Taiwan has been promoting Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) and intermodal connection. Bicycle transportation has become one of the main urban planning concepts. Since most of the areas in Taiwan are high in density, it has the potential to achieve economically profitable bicycle transportation.

    There are four Metro Rapid Transit (MRT) stations in Kaohsiung New Town, along with train stations and roadways to provide a convenient network, which could enhance bicycle transportation when successfully incorporated. Considering future incoming residence as well as transportation activities of local residents, this research applies stated preference method to study the feasibility of bicycle onboard service. The use of bicycle is often restrained by the physical fitness of its rider, and thus limits the traveling distance. In addition, passengers are reluctant to use public transportations if the stations are located far away from residential. How to integrate bicycle with other modes of public transportations to fulfill the needs of bikers is important.

    The research question is how to improve intermodal transportation to increase the mobility of passengers who transfer with bikes and increase the attractiveness of bicycle use? This research aims to explore the following:
    1.Observe the corresponding factors in using bicycle as a transfer mode of transportation
    2.Find the variable that could be changed to increase bicycle ridership
    3.Include currently none-existing services to find out passenger’s preferences and examine the feasibility of inputting these services.

    This thesis uses factors analysis and combines revealed and stated preference method to apply data into multinomial-LOGIT model for analysis. Results could be used to suggest alteration and rearrangement on the pricing, supply, and arrangement of bicycle services and transfer facilities to increase the use of them.

    摘要 i Abstract ii 誌謝 iv Figure viii Table ix Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research Background 1 1.2 Research Question 3 1.3 Research Objectives 4 1.4 Research Method 5 1.5 Research Scope and Contents 6 1.6 Research Process 8 Chapter 2 Current Bicycle Service 9 2.1 Bicycle as a Transportation Mode 9 2.2 Train Onboard 10 2.3 MRT and Bus Onboard 12 2.4 Future Policies 13 Chapter 3 Literature Review 14 3.1 Transit Oriented Development (TOD) 14 3.2 Factors Affecting Bicycle Ridership and ways to Encourage Cycling 15 3.3 Bicycle Sharing Services and Studies of Bicycle Transfer 18 3.4 Intermodal Connection 20 3.5 Disaggregate Choice Model 26 3.6 Stated Preference Method 27 3.7 Revealed Preference Method 29 3.8 Integration of Public Transit and Bicycle 31 3.9 Factors Affecting Bicycle Ridership and ways to Encourage Cycling 32 3.10 Bicycle Sharing Services and Studies of Bicycle Transfer 32 Chapter 4 Model Theory and Questionnaire Structure 34 4.1 Factor Analysis 34 4.2 Disaggregate Choice Model 36 4.3 Stated Preference Method 37 4.4 Multinomial-LOGIT Modeling 38 4.5 Sampling Size 41 4.6 Preference Method Design 41 4.7 Research Design 42 Chapter 5 Factor Analysis and Stated Preference Design 44 5.1 Descriptive Analysis 44 5.2 Communality and Covariance Analysis 46 5.3 Factor Analysis Conclusion 50 5.4 Stated Preference Design and Contents 52 5.5 Expected Result 58 5.6 Research Restrain 58 Chapter 6 Empirical Analysis 60 6.1 Sample Description 60 6.2 Population Characteristic 61 6.3 Social and Economic 64 6.4 Variable Setting 70 6.5 Multinomial-Logit Model 75 6.6 Utility and Probability 81 6.7 Chosen Percentage and Elasticity Analysis 82 6.8 Market Share 87 6.9 Section Conclusion 91 Chapter 7 Conclusion and Suggestion 93 7.1 Factor Analysis Conclusion 93 7.2 Logit Model Conclusion 94 7.3 Suggestion for Future Research 95 Reference 97 Appendix 100

    Chinese
    (a)Book
    王文科。1999。教育研究法。台北:五南出版社

    (b)Website
    交通部台灣鐵路局. 2007. 二鐵環保列車。
    <http://www.railway.gov.tw/tw/index.html>. [Accessed 14 May 13].

    English
    (a)Book
    BERNICK, M. & CERVERO, R (1997). The Transit Village in the 21st Century, McGraw Hill.

    COOPER & SCHINDLER(2004) Business Research Methods. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.

    CURTIS, C., RENNE, J. L., & BERTOLINI, L. (2009). Transit oriented development making it happen. Farnham, England, Ashgate. http://public.eblib.com/EBLPublic/PublicView.do?ptiID=438277.

    CURTIS, C., J. RENNE, J.L.,& BERTOLINI.(2009). Transport and Sustainable Urbanism: Global Lessons. Transit Oriented Development: Making It Happen, eds., Chapter 3, 2009, pp. 22-35.

    DITTMAR, H.& S. POTICHA.( 2004). Defining Transit-Oriented Development: The New Regional Building Block. In Dittmar, H. and G. Ohland (eds.). The New Transit Town: Best Practices in Transit-Oriented Development. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.

    HOWARD, E., OSBORN, F. J., & MUMFORD, L. (1951). Garden cities of tomorrow. London, Faber.

    OPPENHEIM, A. N. (1966). Questionnaire design and attitude measurement. New York, Basic Books.

    (b)Journal paper
    BERNICK, M. & CERVERO, R. The Transit Village in the 21st Century, McGraw Hill, 1997
    GORTER, CEES, NIJKAMP, PETER &VORK, ROB. (2000): Analysis of travelers’ satisfaction with transport chains, Transportation Planning and Technology, 23:3, 237-258

    GU, ZHAN& WILSON.H.N, NIGEL. (2004). Assessment of the Transfer Penalty
    for Transit Trips Geographic Information System–Based Disaggregate Modeling Approach. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1872, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2004, pp. 10–18.

    HAGELIN, C. (2005). A Return on Investment Analysis of Bicycles-on-Bus Programs. NCTR 576-05. DOT BD549-04. National Center for Transit Research, Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida, Tempa.

    KROES, E., SHELDON&ROBERT, J. (1988). Stated Preference Method: An Introduction. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. 22. No.1, pp11-16.

    MARTENS, KAREL. (2004). The bicycle as a feedering mode: experiences from three European countries. Transportation Research Part D. 9, pp.281-294.

    PUCHER, JOHN. , KOMANOFF, CHARLES & SCHIMEK, PAUL. (1999). Bicycle Renaissance in North America? Recent Trend and Alternative Policies to Promote Bicycling. Transportation Research. 33, Nos. 7/8, 1999, pp. 625-654.

    RIETVELD, P. The Accessibility of Railway Stations: The Role of the Bicycle in the Netherlands. Transportation Research Part D. 5, No1. 2000, pp. 71-75.

    SCHNEIDER, R. TCRP. (2005). Synthesis 62: Integration of Bicycles and Transit. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C.

    (c)Government publication
    Bicycles and Transit: A Partnership That Works. FTA, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., 1998.

    Caltrain Bicycle Access and Parking Plan. Prepared by Eisen Letunic in association with Fehr and Peers Transportation Consultants. Oct. 2,2008. <http://www.caltrain.com/pdf/Caltrain_bike_plan_DRAFT_09-29->.

    (d)Conference
    Bicycle – As a feeder mode for bus service
    VELO MONDIAL Conference 2006 held at Cape Town, South Africa

    (e)Thesis
    MCBURNEY. P, ANDREW, A Glimpse of Bike-n-BUS, An exploratory survey of the United States, 2012. <https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/43705/mcburney_andrew_p_201205_mast.pdf?sequence=1>.

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