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研究生: 黃媛筠
Huang, Yuan-Yun
論文名稱: 3D建模方式在鋼構造細部設計之應用
Application of 3D modeling method in steel structure detail design
指導教授: 陳純森
Chen, Chun-Sen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 規劃與設計學院 - 建築學系碩士在職專班
Department of Architecture (on the job class)
論文出版年: 2024
畢業學年度: 112
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 106
中文關鍵詞: 鋼結構接頭3D建模工地應用
外文關鍵詞: Steel structure joints, 3D modeling, Construction site application
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  • 鋼結構系統在現代建築領域中具備很多的優勢,且因施工性高而廣被青睞。鋼材易於加工,讓建築的幾何設計有無限發展的可能。鋼構造的細部設計(接頭外露)被視作建築美學時,結構的施工技術必需兼顧美觀及機能,例如橋梁或空間桁架。
    3D模型的可視性被業界用來擔任專業性的協調平台,讓設計端的意圖與施工端的工藝互相配合趨近一致。鋼結構強度高、耐用性高,空間設計與施工歷程可以彈性變化;在經濟效益上,施工技術的創新可以管控速度、掌握時間、滿足業主需求,而鋼材在建築生命週期中可以回收、循環再利用,故鋼結構適合建築領域做永續發展的技術研究。
    鋼構造的施工準則有規範進行制約,施工品質的良窳來自工廠的製作工藝與工地的安裝技術。施工計劃的實踐以如期、如質、如度為目標,在這個架構下「效能」是達成目標的關鍵因素。除了加強廠控等製程控制,正確的造價估算是致勝的法門。2D CAD系統的設計和協調容易出錯,需要密集的勞動力且工作的週期時間長。鋼構造從規劃設計到施工管理經歷多項的作業流程,依據專業性的不同層層分工,交付的資料環環相扣,3D實體建模的自動化估算功能,為結構工程的營建管理提供了高度的依據。 本研究的三個主題:3D建模、細部設計、工地安裝,三者的應用面以製作圖作為連結。細部設計在鋼結構系統的重要性,關係到建築物的安全性與穩定性。細部設計在規劃設計時應符合技術規範要求和強度計算,在營建管理時須考慮實際施工面、使用情況、後續的維修細節。本文的研究工具3D模型是現代化的營建技術,本研究以技術的視角作為起點,探討以3D建模方式應用於鋼結構工程的相關內容。本文以3D建模的產出過程為例,演示如何將細部接頭設計融入於實際施工中,讓設計與施工一體化。 3D建模產出的應用列舉如下:
    在設計端:(1)以3D模型的使用意圖協同設計規劃(2)提供細部設計圖樣送單位審查。在施工端:(1)拆解結構系統細部設計為各部構件與各式零件(2)提供施工鏈業者鋼材所需的重量與面積(3)產出的製作圖應用於廠內製程與廠外安裝(4)因應工程需求產出各式報表應用於管理計劃,提昇工程品質。

    Steel structure systems have many advantages in the field of modern construction and are widely favored due to their high constructability. Steel is easy to process, allowing endless possibilities for geometric design of buildings. When the detailed design of steel structures (exposed joints) is regarded as architectural aesthetics, the construction technology of the structure must take into account both aesthetics and functionality, such as bridges or space trusses. The visibility of 3D models is used by the industry as a professional coordination platform to bring the design intentions and construction processes closer together. The steel structure has high strength and durability, and the space design and construction process can be flexibly changed; in terms of economic benefits, innovation in construction technology can control speed, control time, and meet the needs of owners, and steel can be recovered and recycled during the building life cycle. Therefore, steel structures are suitable for technical research on sustainable development in the construction field.
    The construction principles of steel structures are restricted by specifications, and the quality of construction comes from the manufacturing process of the factory and the installation technology of the construction site. The implementation of the construction plan aims at on-schedule, quality and performance. Under this framework, "efficiency" is the key factor to achieve the goal. In addition to strengthening process control such as factory control, accurate project estimation is the key to success. Design and coordination in 2D CAD systems are error-prone, labor-intensive and rely on long construction times. Steel structures go through multiple work processes from planning and design to construction management. According to different levels of professional division of labor, the delivered data are closely linked, and the automatic estimation function of 3D solid modeling provides a high degree of confidence in the construction management of structural engineering. There are three themes in this study: 3D modeling, detailed design, and construction site installation. The application aspects of the three are connected by production drawings. The importance of detailed design in steel structure systems is related to the safety and stability of the building. Detailed design should comply with technical specification requirements and strength calculations during planning and design, and the actual construction surface, usage conditions, and subsequent maintenance details must be considered during construction management. The 3D model used as the research tool in this article is modern construction technology. This study uses the technical perspective as a starting point to explore the application of 3D modeling in steel structure engineering. This article takes the output process of 3D modeling as an example to demonstrate how to integrate detailed joint design into actual construction and integrate design and construction. Applications of 3D modeling output are listed below: On the design side: (1) Collaborate on design planning based on the usage intention of the 3D model (2) Provide detailed design drawings and send them to the unit for review. On the construction end: (1) Detailed design of the dismantled structural system for each component and various parts (2) Providing steel materials for the construction chain industry Required weight and area (3) The produced production drawings should be used in the factory process and off-site installation (4) Various reports produced based on project requirements can be used in management plans to improve project quality.

    第一章 緒論1 1-1 研究背景1 1-2 研究動機與目的2 1-3 研究課題3 1-3.1施工效能3 1-3.2 3D建模4 1-3.3 鋼結構細部接頭構想7 1-4 研究架構9 1-5 研究範圍10 第二章 文獻回顧12 2-1 駱世鴻(2002),《鋼結構建築施工現況缺失之探討-以接合 方式及梁、柱構件為例》13 2-2 何曜名(2008),《3D建模方式在鋼結構施工圖製作之應用》14 2-3 石國瑜(譯)(2016),《史上最強!建築現場施工全解》16 2-4 陳純森(2019),《鋼結構工程實務》18 2-5 台塑企業(2021),《鋼結構工程規範》21 第三章 研究方法22 3-1 資料蒐集、成立專案22 3-1.1 以《鳳山運動園區設施改造工程》為例22 3-1.2 3D建模資訊模型22 3-1.3 基本設計圖23 3-2 研究流程與方法24 3-2.1 3D建模步驟 25 3-2.2 自動輸出2D圖27 3-2.3 工地安裝 31 3-2.4 建物現況 33 第四章 3D模型應用的研究案例34 4-1佛寶山法亨寺新建工程34 4-1.1造型屋頂34 4-1.2基本設計圖34 4-1.3產生製作圖 35 4-1.4工地安裝 40 4-2左營海軍中山堂修復及再利用工程43 4-2.1歷史價值43 4-2.2工程介面44 4-2.3產生製作圖45 4-2.4產生材料清單48 4-2.5 3D模型與現場對照49 4-3桃園國際機場聯外捷運系統A5 車站屋頂鋼構53 4-3.1月台站屋頂53 4-3.2 產生製作圖53 4-3.3 A5 車站完工現況56 4-4 竹文化館及文化園區計劃後續工程56 4-4.1薄膜造型57 4-4.2工地測量57 4-4.3鋼結構主體實體建模59 4-4.4工地安裝60 4-5小東段城垣殘蹟修復工程61 4-5.1古蹟的高架廊道61 4-5.2 鋼結構便橋61 4-5.3 工地介面64 4-6 球幕角隅(南)極小塊65 4-6.1 AutoCAD 3D模型65 4-6.2 3D實體參數模型65 4-6.3 產生製作圖66 4-6.4 產生1比1 DXF施工檔68 4-7色彩計劃68 4-7.1工地浪鈑(一)68 4-7.2工地浪鈑(二)69 4-8檢驗報告與安裝71 4-8.1材料證明71 4-8.2 NDT檢測72 4-8.3噴砂、除銹、塗裝紀錄76 4-8.4自主檢查表77 4-8.5安裝工程檢查表78 4-8.6 廠外施工79 4-8.7 小結80 第五章 結論與建議81 5-1結論81 5-2建議83 參考文獻84

    1.駱世鴻《鋼結構建築施工現況缺失之探討-以接合方式及梁、柱構件為例》,逢甲大學論文,2002。

    2.賴俊杰《精簡營建應用於鋼構工程供應鏈之研究》,國立中央大學論文,2006。

    3.何曜名《3D建模方式在鋼結構施工圖製作之應用》,國立高雄應用科技大學,2008。

    4.賴朝俊,蔡志敏(譯)《BIM建築資訊建模手冊》, 台北市:松崗資產管理股份有限公司 2008。

    5.臺北市政府工務局 《臺北市政府公共工程履約管理參考手冊》第二版, 臺北市政府,2010。

    6.Chuck Eastman,Paul Teicholz,Rafael Sacks,Kathleen Liston 2013。

    7.石國瑜(譯)《史上最強!建築現場施工全解》,台北市:麥浩司出版,2016。

    8.羅元鴻《探討BIM應用於施工圖說之研究》,國立中央大學論文,2017。

    9.王丁《結構細節設計成就建築之美》,中國建築工業出版社,2018。

    10.陳純森《鋼結構工程實務》第五版,科技圖書股份有限公司,2019。

    11.Mooyoung Yoo、NamhyukHam,《Productivity Analysis of Documentation Basedon 3D Modelin Plant Facility Construction Project》,Department of Digital Architecture and Urban Engineering Korea. 2020.

    12.台塑企業《鋼結構工程規範》第8版,總管理處規範組,2021。

    13.蔡綽芳、楊勝德、邱尚孝、呂昀恩、李台光、周楷峻、廖信祥、游其海,《鋼結構監造手冊之編訂研究》第一版,內政部建築研究所,2022。

    參考網站: 1.中華民國內政部建築研究所網址:https://www.abri.gov.tw/Default.aspx

    2.行政院公共工程委員會網址:https://www.pcc.gov.tw/cp.aspx?n=A052AA72C641B0DE#

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