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研究生：	張致瑋 Zhang, Chu-Wei
論文名稱：	隧道車流量、車種與氣固相污染物之相關性研究 Research on relation among flow of traffic, kind of vehicles, gaseous pollutants, and particles
指導教授：	吳義林 Wu, Yee-Lin
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 環境工程學系 Department of Environmental Engineering
論文出版年：	2006
畢業學年度：	94
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	90
中文關鍵詞：	隧道採樣、SMPS 、排放係數、OPC
外文關鍵詞：	OPC, SMPS, tunnel study, emission factor
相關次數：	點閱：110 下載：2
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　　本研究主要針對隧道內外氣相污染物濃度、懸浮微粒粒徑分佈以及行經隧道之車流量進行量測，並對於量測結果作計算以獲得各車種之排放係數。
　　為求得各車種之排放係數，故選定具有特定車種排放特徵之隧道進行採樣。本研究選取台南市東門地下道作為機車排放之研究地點；南二高中寮隧道為汽油車、柴油車排放之研究地點。
　　研究結果顯示，東門地下道中懸浮微粒濃度可達1.8×109count/m3，CO濃度值可達46.4ppm；機車所排放之奈米微粒粒徑範圍特徵位於28.5與56.2nm；排放係數CO、CO2、NO與SO2則分別為5.17±1.62、109.76±10.11、0.05±0.01、0.006±0.003g/km；而以燃料估算之排放係數之結果，NO與SO2則分別為1.25±0.40、0.15±0.07g/kg-fuel。
　　中寮隧道之採樣分析結果，得隧道內懸浮微粒濃度最高可達3.0×108count/m3，而於超細微粒粒徑範圍中，可分離出三個特徵波峰，其中位數分別為21.6nm、11nm以及68.4nm。而由於隧道內通風系統、擴散條件、以及排放係數估算時所作之假設與現場狀況不符，導致計算出之各車種排放係數與過去研究發表有相當大的差異。

　The main idea of this research is to measure gaseous pollutant, particles, and flow of vehicles in tunnels, and to calculate emission factors of different kind of vehicles with data collected in tunnel sampling.
In order to get emission factors of different kind of vehicles, we chose Don-Men tunnel in Tainan city for motorcycles, and Chung-Liau tunnel in southern 2nd expressway for LDV and HDV(light-duty vehicles and heavy-duty vehicles)as our experiment spots.
　We found that the concentration of particles is up to 1.8×109count/m3; concentration of CO is 46.4ppm as highest inside the Don-Men tunnel. The characteristic nano-particle size emitted by motorcycles lays on 28.5 and 56.2 nm. The emission factor of CO, CO2, NO, and SO2 are 5.17±1.62, 109.76±10.11, 0.05±0.01, 0.006±0.003 g/km respectively. We calculated fuel-based emission factors as well. The results are 1.25±0.40, 0.15±0.07 g/kg-fuel with NO, SO2 respectively.
　We also found the highest concentration of particles inside Chung-Liau tunnel is 3.0×108count/m3. After separating data measured by SMPS, we got three characteristic peak. The mean of them are 21.6nm, 11nm and 68.4nm respectively. Because of the ventilation system, condition of diffusion, and the assumption we made as we calculated emission factors are not too match with truth, we got bad results. They are much different from data listed by other researches before.

第一章	前言.....................................................1
1-1  研究緣起.....................................................1
1-2  研究目標.....................................................2

第二章  文獻回顧..................................................3
2-1  機動車輛排放之污染物特徵.....................................3
  2-1-1  氣態污染物...............................................3
  2-1-2  固態污染物...............................................4
2-2  機動車輛排放之污染物對人體的危害性...........................4
  2-2-1  SO2......................................................5
  2-2-2  CO.......................................................6
  2-2-3  氮氧化物.................................................6
  2-2-4  懸浮微粒.................................................6
  2-2-5  CO2......................................................7
2-3  排放係數推估.................................................7
2-4  通風對於隧道中污染物之影響...................................8
  2-4-1  自然通風.................................................8
  2-4-2  強制通風.................................................10
2-5  國內外隧道污染狀況...........................................10
2-6 排放係數相關文獻..............................................11

第三章  工作方法..................................................18
3-1  研究架構.....................................................18
3-2  採樣地點之選擇...............................................20
3-2-1  台南市東門機車地下道.......................................20
3-2-2  南二高中寮隧道.............................................20
3-3  採樣時間.....................................................21
3-4  採樣設備.....................................................21
  3-4-1  SMPS+C（Grimm SMPS+C Model 5.403）.......................21
  3-4-2  dust monitor/ particle size analyzer（Grimm dust monitor Model  1.108）...........................................................22
  3-4-3 氣體連續監測儀............................................22
3-5  污染物濃度與車輛數目之相對應關係.............................24
3-6  數據解析方法.................................................24
  3-6-1  Data Inversion...........................................24
  3-6-2  數量濃度與質量濃度轉換...................................25
3-6-3  隧道橫截面濃度值估算.......................................26
3-7  排放係數估算.................................................27

第四章  結果與討論................................................38
4-1  東門機車地下道採樣結果.......................................38
4-1-1  車流量調查結果（東門機車地下道）...........................38
  4-1-2  NO採樣結果（東門機車地下道）.............................39
4-1-3  NO2採樣結果（東門機車地下道）..............................39
  4-1-4  CO採樣結果（東門機車地下道）.............................40
  4-1-5  SO2採樣結果（東門機車地下道）............................40
  4-1-6  CO2採樣結果（東門機車地下道）............................41
  4-1-7  OPC採樣結果（東門機車地下道）............................41
4-1-8  SMPS+C採樣結果（東門機車地下道）...........................42
4-2  中寮隧道採樣結果.............................................43
  4-2-1  車流量調查結果（中寮隧道）...............................43
  4-2-2  NO採樣結果（中寮隧道）...................................43
  4-2-3  NO2採樣結果（中寮隧道）..................................44
  4-2-4  CO採樣結果（中寮隧道）...................................44
  4-2-5  SO2採樣結果（中寮隧道）..................................45
  4-2-6  CO2採樣結果（中寮隧道）..................................46
  4-2-7  OPC採樣結果（中寮隧道）..................................46
  4-2-8  SMPS+C採樣結果（中寮隧道）...............................47
4-3  懸浮微粒粒徑分佈分析.........................................48
  4-3-1  OPC部分..................................................48
  4-3-2  SMPS部分.................................................49
4-4  東門地下道(機車)排放係數估算.................................51
  4-4-1  假設驗證.................................................51
  4-4-2  排放係數估算.............................................52
4-5 中寮隧道(汽油車、柴油車)排放係數估算..........................52
  4-5-1  假設驗證.................................................52
   4-5-2  排放係數估算............................................54

第五章	結論與建議...............................................85
5-1 研究結論......................................................85
5-2 研究建議......................................................86

參考文獻..........................................................87

附錄一、東門地下道Data inversion後資料
附錄二、中寮隧道Data inversion後資料
                                    

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校外：2006-01-27公開

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