這個主題是研究英國婦女運動在1914年至1945年間的發展與特色。英國婦女為爭取投票權，從十九世紀後期即展開活動，到了第一次世界大戰爆發前，達到高峰。此時有兩個主要的婦女團體領導婦女投票權運動，一是由潘克赫斯特夫人領導的激進婦女團體「婦女社會和政治聯盟」，另一個是由福西特夫人組織的溫和派婦女團體「全國婦女選舉權聯盟」。
　　第一次世界大戰爆發，兩個婦女團體都暫時停止爭取婦女投票權的活動，共同投入國家對德戰爭。大戰進行間，婦女投票權運動在1916年再度復甦，經過婦女運動團體與政府的角力，及支持婦女投票權的國會議員幫助下，終於在1918年通過「人民代表法」，使30歲以上的婦女獲得投票權。
　　一次大戰結束後，激進婦女運動團體改變了激烈的抗爭手段，改以參加國會選舉、發行報刊等方式，繼續爭取婦女權益。而溫和派的婦女運動團體採取非政黨政策，對各政黨進行遊說、請願，希望能實現婦女普選的理想。戰後部份婦女得到投票權，也有女性國會議員的出現，雖力量薄弱，但她們與立場接近的男性議員共同合作，成功的在1928年達成婦女普選。1929年世界經濟大恐慌，婦女問題比不上經濟議題，大批婦女被迫回歸家庭。再加上婦女團體的縮減，新一代的婦女對政治不感興趣，轉向重視家庭生活，減少參與社會活動，導致英國婦女運動在1930年代逐漸衰微。
　　第二次世界大戰使英國婦女的活動又趨活躍，在戰爭期間，政府徵召婦女從事戰時工作，婦女面臨家庭照顧和工作的兩難，但也獲得較大的自由。戰時婦女被大量動員，也使同工同酬問題受到重視，婦女團體結合國會中女性議員的力量，成立許多組織，為婦女爭取到平等補償的權利。第二次世界大戰結束後，婦女運動漸趨平靜，直到1960年代興起第二波婦女運動。
　　戰爭對英國婦女運動造成不同的影響，也對婦女參政權的通過有所幫助。英國婦女在1928年獲得參政權，改變了1930年代的婦女運動，也影響到第二次世界大戰後的婦女運動。

This thesis studies the development of British Women’s Movement from 1914 to 1945 and looking for its characteristics in this period. British women struggling for suffrage started in late nineteenth century and reached its peak before the outbreak of the First World War. There were two divisions among women’s campaign for suffrage in which one was led by Mrs. Pankhurst embodied in the campaign of Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) by aggressive actions and the other was led by Mrs. Fawcett who organized a moderate group the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies（NUWSS）.
During the period of the First World War, both women’s groups gave up their campaign for suffrage and allied with the government joining the war against Germany. Many women were recruited by the government to work for the country. Their suffrage movement revived after 1916 when the government planed to give the right to vote to those men who fought for the country in the war. In 1918, the People’s Act was passed which gave women who were over age 30 the right to vote.
After the end of the First World War, women continued to fight for their rights on different issues in the way of taking part into election, publishing magazines, demonstration, petition and so on. They also cooperated with male MPs in Parliament for the pass of the women’s suffrage Bill which was finally succeeded in 1928. This success and the economic recession in 1929 led to the decline of women movement in 1930s due to most women’s interest turning to looking after family rather than fighting for their rights.
In the Second World War, women were again recruited by the government to work for the country. They faced the dilemma of looking after family and working outside the house simultaneously. A new issue of ‘equal pay for equal work’ was raised up by women workers during the war and was partly fulfilled the right of equal compensation in 1943. After the end of the Second World War, women’s movement became calmed until the second wave of feminist movement raised up in 1960s.
Wars made significant impacts on British women’s movement and also contributed to the pass of women’s suffrage especially during Two World Wars. Women demonstrated their capacity as good as that of male workers during the war by working the munitions. The embodiment of women’s suffrage in 1928 changed the wave of women’s movement in 1930 and also influenced its development after the Second World War.

一、 中文資料
（一）原始資料
1. Winston S. Churchill著，吳萬沈等譯，《第二次世界大戰回憶錄－偉大的同盟》，卷三，台北：左岸，2002。
2. 馬克思，《馬克思恩格斯全集》，第32卷，北京：人民出版社，1957年。

（二）專書
1. Alan R. Ball著，王曾才、蔡百銓譯，《英國政黨》，台北：國立編譯館，1988。
2. Henry Richardson著，郭洪濤譯，《女人的聲音》，桂林：廣西師範大學出版社，2003。
3. John Stuart Mill著，王蓁譯，《婦女的屈從地位》，北京：商務印書館，1995。
4. Mary Wollstonecraft著，王瑛譯，《女權辯護－關於政治和道德問題的批評》，北京：中央編譯出版社，2006。
5. W. A.Speck著，糜佳譯，《抗拒民主的國家：大不列顛的遲疑與抉擇1707-1975，台北：左岸，2002。
6. 王萍，《現代英國社會中的婦女形象》，南京：江蘇人民出版社，2005。
7. 陸傳芳，《英國婦女選舉權運動》，北京：中國社會科學院，2004。
8. 顧燕翎主編，《女性主義理論與流派》，台北：女書文化，2000。

（三）期刊論文
1. 王赳，〈婦女參政運動中的話語表達－以英國女性報紙《給婦女投票權》為例〉，《浙江學刊》，2006年第5期，杭州：浙江省社會科學院，2006年5月，頁209-214。
2. 王赳，〈試析英國婦女社會政治同盟的激進策略〉，《史學月刊》，2006年第12期，開封：河南大學，2006年12月，頁67-74。
3. 陸傳芳，〈20世紀初英國婦女選舉權運動的理論發展〉，《淮陰師範學院學報》，第27卷第1期，淮安：淮陰師範學院，2005年1月，頁78-81。
4. 彭沛，〈淺談第一次世界大戰英國婦女地位的改善〉，《南京社會科學》，1999年第8期，南京：南京社會科學院，1999年8月，頁70-73。
5. 楊光，〈拼選舉權，倫敦婦女上街頭－記兩位婦運女傑和她們的不朽講辭〉，《歷史月刊》，196期，台北：歷史智庫，2004年5月，頁77-86。
6. 楊瑩，〈英美兩國保障婦女權益之立法〉，《社會發展季刊》，46期，台北：社會發展雜誌社，1989年6月，頁6-18。
7. 錢乘旦，〈第二次世界大戰與英國國內政治〉，《南京大學學報》，第3期，南京：南京大學，1995年，頁16-31。

（四）學位論文
1. 王赳，《英國婦女社會政治同盟參政運動研究》，上海：東華師範大學博士論文，2007。
2. 林含怡，《當代英國婦女運動之研究：1960年代至1990年代初期》，台北：淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文，1999。
3. 翁佳鈴，《英國婦女運動之研究──從工業社會到後工業社會》，台北：淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論士論文，1992。
4. 張卓群，《英法婦女取得參政權的不同進程與原因探析》，杭州：浙江大學世界歷史研究所碩士論文，2006。
5. 劉秀紅，《論第一次世界大戰對英國婦女解放運動的影響》，西安：西北大學歷史研究所碩士論文，2003。
6. 劉瑞蓉，《英國婦女參政權之研究──從十九世紀到二十世紀初的婦女參政運動》，台北：輔仁大學歷史研究所碩士論文，1993。

二、 英文資料
（一）原始資料
1. Fawcett, Millicent Garrett, What I Remember, Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1995.
2. Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, 2nd. Ser., Vol. XLV, New York: Kraus Reprint, 1969.
3. Marcus, Jane, ed., Suffrage and the Pankhursts, London and New York: Routledge , 2001.
4. Pankhurst, Emmeline, My Own Story, London: Evrlrigh Nash, 1914, in Marie M. Roberts and Tamae Mizuta ed., The Suffragettes: Towards Emancipation, London: Routledge, 1993.
5. Mass-Observation, People in Production : An Enquiry into British War Production : A Report Prepared by Mass Observation for The Advertising Service Guild, Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1942.

（二）專書
1. Brown, K. D., ed., The First Labour Party, London : Croom Helm, 1985.
2. Butler, D.E., The Electoral System in Britain, Since 1918, Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1963.
3. Clark, David, ed., Marriage, Domestic Life and Social Change: Writings for Jacqueline Burgoyne (1944-88), London: Routledge, 1991.
4. Costello, John, Love Sex and War: Changing Values, 1939-45, London: Guild Publishing, 1985.
5. Dickson, Tony, and James H. Treble ed., People and Society in Scotland, Edinburgh : John Donald Publishers, 1992.
6. Eisenstein, Zillah R. ed., Capitalist Patriarchy and the Case for Socialist Feminism, New York: Monthly Review Press, 1979.
7. Halsey, A. H., Trends in British Society Since 1900: A Guide to the Changing Social Structure of Britain, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire : Macmillan Press, 1988.
8. Hancock, W. K., and M. M. Gowing, British War Economy, London: H. M. Stationery Off., 1949.
9. Harrison, Brain, Separate Spheres: The Opposition to Women’s Suffrage in Britain, New York : Holmes & Meier, 1978.
10. Holton, Sandra Stanley, Feminism and Democracy: Women's Suffrage and Reform Politics in Britain,1900-1918, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
11. Johnson, Paul, ed., 20th Century Britain Economic, Social and Cultural Change, London and New York: Longman, 1994.
12. Law, Cheryl, Suffrage and Power: The Women’s Movement 1918-1928, London: Tauris Publishers, 1997.
13. Lewis, Jane, Women in England, 1870-1950 : Sexual Divisions and Social Change, Brighton, Sussex : Wheatsheaf, 1984.
14. Liddington, Jill, and Jill Norris, One Hand Tied behind Us: The Rise of the Women's Suffrage Movement, London : Virago, 1978.
15. Marwick, Arthur, ed., Total War and Social Change, London: Macmillan, 1988.
16. Mclanghlin, B. ed., Studies in Social Movements: A Social Psychological Perspective, New York : Free Press, 1969.
17. Mill, John Stuart, The Subjection of Women, Tokyo: Hokuseido, 1933.
18. Oldfield, Sybil, ed., This Working-day World: Women’s Lives and Culture(s) in Britain 1914-1945, London: Taylor & Francis, 1994.
19. Pugh, Martin, The March of the Women: A Revisionist Analysis of the Campaign for Women's Suffrage, 1866-1914, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
20. ---------------- Women and the Women's Movement in Britain 1914-1959, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire : Macmillan, 1992.
21. Purvis, June, and Sandra Stanley Holton ed., Votes for Women, London and New York: Routledge, 2001.
22. Purvis, June, ed., Women's history :Britain, 1850-1945 : An Introduction, London: UCL Press, 1995.
23. Roberts, Elizabeth, A Woman’s Place: An Oral History of Working-Class Women 1880-1940, Oxford: Blackwell, 1984.
24. Rubinstein, David, A Different World for Women: The Life of Millicent Garrett Fawcett, Columbus : Ohio State University Press, 1991.
25. Sked, Alan, and Chris Cook ed., Crisis and Controversy, London : Macmillan Press, 1976.
26. Smith, Harold L., ed., British Feminism in the Twentieth Century, Amherst: The University of Massachusetts Press, 1990.
27. -------------------- The British Women's Suffrage Campaign 1866-1928, London: Longman, 1998.
28. -------------------- ed., War and Social Change : British Society in the Second World War, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1986.
29. Summerfield, Penny, Women Workers in the Second World War, Production and Patriarchy in Conflict, London and New York: Routledge, 1989.
30. Vickery, Amanda, ed., Women, Privilege and Power: British Politics, 1750 to the Present, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.
31. Walsh, Ben, British Society & Economic History, London: John Murray Ltd, 1997.
32. Walters, Margaret, Feminism: A Very Short Introduction, New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
33. Wollstonecraft, Mary, Carol H. Poston ed., A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds, Criticism, New York: Norton, 1975.

（三）期刊論文
1. Smith, Harold L., “The Problem of ‘Equal Pay for Equal Work’ in Great Britain During World War II”, in Journal of Modern History, Vol. 53, No. 4, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, Dec., 1981, pp. 652-672.
2. Summerfield, Penny, and N. Crockett, “You Weren’t Taught that with the Welding’: Lessons in Sexuality in the Second World War”, in Women’s History Review, Vol. 1, No. 3, Wallingford: Triangle Journals Ltd., Sep., 1992, pp. 435-454.
3. Turner, J. A., “The British Commonwealth Union and the General Election of 1918”, in The English Historical Review, Vol. 93, No. 368, Jul., 1978, pp. 528-559.

三、 網路資料
1. http://wordpedia.eb.com/
2. http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/
3. http://www.qub.ac.uk/