隨著都市發展，大量的人工構造物導致都市環境大部分都是不透水表面，在尖峰降雨發生時會造成過多雨水逕流，形成都市洪水的現象。

本研究從現行非都市計畫土地及都市計畫土地為出發點，克服無GIS地質圖檔的鄉野實調方式，建立一套新的調查抽樣方式，和調查方法，用以評估鄉鎮基地中保水性能之優劣。

本研究對於鄉鎮基地進行都市透水性能之研究，以台南縣麻豆鎮、官田鄉與六甲鄉為調查範本，建立豐富且詳盡的本土性資料庫。此三鄉鎮之「都市計畫土地」內住宅用地不透水率92.95％；商業用地100％；工業用地93.87％；公園、綠地用地34.03％；學校用地43.69％；機關用地93.26％；其它公共設施用地88.26％。「非都市計畫土地」內住宅用地不透水率75.74％。一般人的印象，均認為鄉鎮地區透水能力應比都市好，然經過本研究結果發現，並非如此。

最後，台南縣麻豆鎮、官田鄉與六甲鄉為調查範本可知，非都市計畫土地與都市計畫土地之平均不透水率都相當的高，於是該注意基地內土地之透水能力的提升。尤其以非都市計畫內建築物為優先，在一般的農田以外，需保有地表面的原始狀態，切勿求取簡單、乾淨，而大量的使用人工不透水化混凝土鋪面的鋪設。

Accompanying with the urban development, Man-made buildings and landscapes have decreased permeable surface, therefore, less rainwater can naturally go underground. It leads to serious urban rainwater runoff problems, which may become urban floods during a peak period of rain.

The research set up to compare urban planning area to non-urban planning area. While there is lack of GIS geological data in countryside, it established a brand new method to evaluate the surface permeable ability in rural areas.

This research placed emphasis on the “Percentage of Impervious Area(IMP)“ to explain the permeable ability in rural areas in Tainan. Based on the investigation models of 3 villages, Madou, Guantain, and Liujia, it built up an perfound and detailed local database.

After investigating and analyzing surface permeability and IMP in each site, it shows that the percentage of impervious area in these three urban planning areas is 92.95％ in residential area, 100％ in commercial area, 93.87％ in industrial area, 34.03％ in parks, 43.69％ in schools, 93.26％ in government organizations and 88.26％ in public facilities. The other results, however, show that the percentage of impervious area in residential area which is outside the urban planning area is 75.74％. It is generally taken that the permeable ability in rural areas is better than that in city. Nevertheless, it turned out to be opposite.

Finally, based on the investigation models in these three villages, Madou, Guantain, and Liujia, Both the average percentage of impervious area in urban planning areas and in non-urban planning areas are very high. It indicates the importance to raise water permeability in the non-urban planning area. Therefore, maintaining the original state of the ground surface, rather than extensively paving impervious concrete over, will be vital environmental issues in the countryside development.

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