問題背景:台灣近年來旅遊業蓬勃發展，國人旅遊意願日益增加，但自2020年1月23日在武漢因爆發嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎-新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）疫情(簡稱新冠疫情)，全球多數國家皆實施旅行隔離(travel restrictions)，在台灣也實施全境封鎖，亦導致旅遊業嚴重的損失，在知覺到旅遊、疾病風險情況下，對於未來國內外旅遊意願的影響。
目的:探討新冠狀病毒疫情發生後，民眾旅遊知覺風險與意願的差異性研究。
方法:以線上問卷方式共蒐集線上問卷共回收519份樣本，有效問卷509份，有效回收率約為98.07%，男性佔52.50%、女性47.50%，蒐集個人屬性資料、旅遊經歷(疫情前、後)、旅遊意願(疫情前後)、知覺風險等相關性(皮爾森積差相關)與差異性分析(單因子變異數分析)，探討人口學變項與旅遊意願與知覺風險之影響。
結果:新冠疫情發生後，91.2%民眾反應二年內國內外旅遊意願有顯著降低；而旅遊意願與教育程度、年齡、月收入呈現正相關並達顯著差異(p<.005) ，惟性別上並無達顯著差異；知覺風險方面，自身與防疫績效風險與教育程度、年齡、月收入呈現正相關並達顯著差異(p <.001)，旅遊品質風險的知覺風險部分與年齡、月收入呈現正相關並達顯著差異(p<.001)；女性在知覺風險的認知自身與防疫績效風險顯著高於男性6.52% (p<.001)，但在旅遊品質風險並無達顯著差異。民眾對於國內外旅遊意願雖均呈下降，但國內在新冠疫情嚴重的階段，民眾對於商業旅遊的意願則依舊維持不變；經迴歸分析後發現，知覺風險程度、教育程度與月收入為影響二年內旅遊意願的關鍵因素(15.1％)。
結論:在新型冠狀病毒疫情後，國人知覺風險部分與年齡、月收入成正比，女性、年紀較高、育程度較高與月收入較多者對於旅遊風險意識較高；而在疫情過後，推廣重返旅遊的優先客群則以旅遊風險意識高、高教育程度、高收入之客群為較建議之推廣對象。

Background: With the booming of the tourism and traveling industry, people’s desire for travel becomes higher in Taiwan. However, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic from Wuhan since January 23, 2020, which led to the travel restriction. The blockade of global and the suspension of flights caused huge damage to the travel industry.
Purpose: To explore the correlation between travel intention and perceived risk before and after COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A total of 519 samples were collected through online survey, and 509 valid questionnaires were collected. The rate of effective response was about 98.07% by 52.50% males and 47.50% females. The descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the influence in travel intention and perceived risk due to COVID-19 pandemic.
Results: The study showed that there was a tendency of a decrease in the travel intention of international or domestic travel after the COVID-19 pandemic, and there were significant differences between education, age, income in travel intentions (p<.05). There was no significant difference in gender. In perceived risk, it showed that self-protection perceived risk was positively correlated to education, age, and income; the risk of traveling quality perceived risk was positively correlated to age and income. In self-protection perceived risk, the female was significantly higher by 6.52% than male (p<.001). However, there was no significant difference in traveling quality perceived risk between gender. The travel intention for business remains unchanged during the serious period of COVID-19 pandemic. The perceived risk level, education level, and monthly income are the key factors (15.1%) to influence the travel intention within two-year lifting coronavirus restrictions by regression analysis.
Conclusion: The perceived risk of people is partially proportional to age and income per month after COVID-19 pandemic. Females, more older people, higher education levels, and higher income are more aware of perceived and travel risks. When the travel restriction was lifting lockdowns, the priority targets groups for tourism are those with high-risk awareness of self-perceived risk, high education level, and high income as the recommended promotion goals.

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