在全球機器人蓬勃發展趨勢下，各領域結合人工智慧的機器人陸續被開發出來，協作機器人的時代正在來臨，人類與與機器的互動不僅僅代表著工作模式的改變，也意味著人與機器人之間的關係正在改變，以往工業機器人代替人類從事高體力負荷、高危險性、重複性的工作；然而在人工智慧及物聯網、大數據等等科技的推進之下，開始出現協作型機器人，從旁協助並與人類互動來達到更大的價值，未來機器人與人類協同合作的機會越來越多，同時也在其中扮演了重要的角色，因此人機協作也變成了各個產業發展上重要的議題。
本研究以台灣達文西機械手臂輔助手術系統為例，以質性研究中的個案研究方法來探究醫療領域中人類與達文西手術機器人的協作現象；主要採取服務主導邏輯的觀點，輔以人機協作的概念分析在特定情境中，達文西手術機器人所扮演的角色，以及與人類之間的互動關係，從中了解醫護人員在手術的前中後過程中如何與達文西手術機器人協同合作、影響協同合作的要素以及價值共創的過程。
根據本研究發現，在醫療手術情境中，達文西手術機器人扮演了多重的角色，與不同的醫護人員互動並進行資源整合，醫護人員也要轉換心態將達文西手術機器人視為自己團隊中的「夥伴」，才能讓協作合作更為順暢；同時，達文西手術團隊的建立讓人機協作的運作效率提高，透過團隊及制度規範，得以讓資源加速整合及交換，提升價值共創的程度；也提供一份醫療產業或其他產業未來欲發展人機協作的運作模式。

Under the booming trend of global robots, robots that combine artificial intelligence in various fields have been developed one after another. The era of collaborative robots is coming. The interaction between human and machines not only represents the working mode is changed, but also the relationship is changed between human and machines. Previously the industrial robots replaced the high physical load, high risk, and repetitive tasks of the human army; and under the advancement of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, big data and other technologies, collaborative robots began to appear. By assisting and interacting with human to achieve the maximum value, human will have more and more opportunities to collaborate with robots in the future.
This research takes the da Vinci surgical system in Taiwan as an example and uses the case study method of qualitative research to explore the collaboration phenomenon between humans and da Vinci surgical system in the medical field. Mainly we adopt the perspective of S-D logic and supplemented by the concept of human-robot collaboration to analyzes what role the da Vinci surgical system play in a specific situation and how the da Vinci surgical system interact with medical staff during the process of da Vinci surgery. Further, we try to find the factors that affect collaboration and the process of value co-creation in this case.

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