本研究利用Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)法及自組裝技術來製備奈米粒子單分子層薄膜，並將其應用在超疏水表面的製作。在LB沉積法中，本研究使用十八烷胺(ODA)、十八烷硫醇(ODT)或混合ODA/ODT作為Langmuir單分子層模板，藉由單分子層與奈米粒子間及乙醇添加的不穩定效應將分散於水溶液中的金奈米粒子(AuNPs)吸附至氣/液界面，氣/液界面上的單分子層分子除了扮演吸附模板外，同時扮演被吸附AuNPs的疏水改質劑，使AuNPs能穩定的存在氣/液界面上。本研究藉由單分子層的表面壓-面積等溫曲線，鬆弛曲線，遲滯曲線的分析，以及穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission electron microscope, TEM)及布魯斯特角顯微鏡(Brewster angle microscope, BAM)的觀察，來了解奈米粒子混合單分子層在氣/液界面上的行為及薄膜表面型態的變化。
在ODA/AuNPs及ODT/AuNPs系統的探討中發現，ODA和金粒子間具有靜電作用力。因此，ODA單分子層對金粒子的吸附能力遠大於ODT分子。吸附於氣/液界面上的AuNPs，由於ODA或ODT分子的修飾，增進AuNPs間的凡得瓦作用力，有助於AuNPs自組裝成整齊結構。在適當ODA單分子層密度及乙醇濃度控制下，配合單分子層的壓縮，可以製備出緊密整齊排列的金奈米粒子薄膜。實驗結果亦顯示，過高的ODA單分子層密度，會增加自由ODA分子在界面上的比例，而阻礙粒子間的結合，影響緊密粒子薄膜的形成。乙醇的添加是製備排列緊密單分子層的關鍵條件，乙醇存在可以增加粒子在界面上的吸附量之外，亦可以改變ODA單分子層的特性，使其形成擴張型的單分子層，有助於氣/液界面上奈米粒子合併為緊密的粒子薄膜。
在ODA/ODT混合單分子層的使用，主要利用ODA對奈米粒子的靜電作用力來吸附AuNPs，再藉由ODT對金的特定親和力來改質AuNPs表面，提升金粒子疏水程度，以增加粒子凡得瓦作用力，此有助於AuNPs自組裝形成整齊結構。並由鬆弛曲線證實，ODA/ODT混合系統的使用，可有效改善金粒子在氣/液界面上的穩定性，較易得到排列緊密的粒子薄膜。
本研究將粒子薄膜應用至超疏水表面，使用Langmuir- Blodgett (LB)沉積及靜電逐層組裝技術(ELBL)，在玻璃基板上組裝微米級結構的二氧化矽粒子薄膜，並再以靜電逐層組裝技術(ELBL)披覆上奈米級的二氧化矽粒子，製備出結構類似於Raspberry的階層式粒子薄膜，最後藉由長碳鏈矽烷作疏水化表面改質，得到超疏水性粒子薄膜。利用掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning electron microscope, SEM)及動態接觸角(Dynamic Contact Angle, DCA)，來瞭解薄膜表面型態及潤濕性。結果顯示：利用靜電組裝技術所得到不規則的Raspberry-like的微/奈階層式粒子，可得到169o前進接觸角，而遲滯角度少於5o的超疏水性粒子薄膜。

Nanoparticulate monolayers were prepared by using Langmuir-Blodgett and self-assembly techniques and used for superhydrophobic surface application. Langmuir monolayers of octadecylamine (ODA), octadecylthiol (ODT), and mixed ODA/ODT at air/liquid interface were used as template layers to adsorb gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) dispersed in the subphase. Furthermore, the adsorption of AuNPs was also enhanced by the destabilization effect of ethanol introduced into the colloidal solution. The monolayer not only acts as a template layer to incorporate AuNPs but also as a capping agent to in-situ modify the adsorbed NPs, providing van der Waals interaction among NPs for self-organization into ordered domains. The behaviors of the monolayers were studied using the pressure-area (π-A) isotherms, hysteresis and relaxation curves, and the observations of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Brewster angle microscope (BAM).
For the ODA/AuNPs and ODT/AuNPs systems, the results indicated that ODA monolayer has a much higher ability, than the ODT monolayer, in incorporation AuNPs, attributed to the electrostatic interaction between ODA and AuNPs. By using ODA monolayer with appropriate molecular density, as well as the adjusting of the ethanol concentration, a close-packed particulate film of AuNPs can be prepared through the monolayer compression. The results also show that over loading of the ODA molecules increases the fractional ratio of free ODA molecules at the interface which obstructs the coalescence of particulate domains and, therefore, a close-packed particulate monolayer cannot be approached. The presence of ethanol in the subphase not only enhances the particle adsorption to the interface but also triggers a more expanded ODA monolayer, which plays a key role in preparing a close-packed particulate monolayer.
For the mixed ODA/ODT systems, the incorporation of AuNPs was mainly performed by ODA molecules through the electrostatic interaction, while the specific affinity of ODT molecules to the AuNPs plays a role to increase the density of capping agents on an AuNPs, leading to a higher van der Waal interaction among NPs for self-organization into ordered domains. The experimental results showed that the utilization of the mixed ODA/ODT monolayer can improve the stability of AuNPs incorporated at the air/liquid interface and is helpful to the formation of an AuNPs particulate film with close-packed and ordered structure.
For the application of particulate thin films on surperhydrophobic surface, a micro/nano dual-scale particulate film with raspberry-like morphology was prepared by using LB deposition and electrostatic layer-by-layer (ELBL) technique. Micro-size silica particles were used to prepare a surface with microscale roughness. Nano-size silica particles were then assembled on the particulate film to construct a finer structure on top of the coarse one. The as-deposited particulate films were surface-modified with alkylsilane to render a surface with surperhydropboic property. The advancing and receding contact angles of water on the dual-size structured surface were 169o and 165o, respectively. The scale ratio of the micro/nano surface structure and the regularity of the particulate films on the superhydrophobic surface performance are discussed.

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