越南目前擁有全球最具活力與吸引力的建築景觀之一。這一充滿動態的建築場景，主要由眾多小型建築設計事務所所塑造，其創新且富有意義的空間介入，透過小尺度但深具影響力的項目，持續為城市肌理注入新意（Melbourne Design Week – RMIT, 2025）。在像胡志明市這樣快速城市化的地區，建築產業正面臨日益增加的壓力，需採取永續實踐來應對環境挑戰。在此背景下，小型建築設計事務所被視為有潛力促進這一轉型的重要推動者，特別是在應對住宅與服務空間需求日益增加的情況下。這些事務所不僅希望在專案中整合環境與社會影響目標，同時也需兼顧商業上的財務穩定與收益。
作為達成永續價值創造的可能策略之一，「與承包商的合作關係」被視為協作網絡中的核心角色，具備潛在的支持力量。然而，關於小型建築事務所如何透過策略性的承包商合作來實現永續目標，現有研究仍存在明顯的缺口。
本研究以循環設計模型為理論基礎，探討小型建築事務所如何策略性地與承包商合作，以克服操作層面的挑戰，並在其商業模式中實現永續價值的創造。研究採用質性多案例研究方法，結合參與式觀察、焦點團體訪談以及與關鍵利害關係人之半結構式深度訪談等資料來源。透過主題分析法，歸納出影響合作關係、價值共創以及循環設計實施的核心脈絡與模式。
研究結果揭示了承包商合作中所面臨的結構性與關係性挑戰，同時也指出了互相學習、信任建立與適應性實踐的契機，這些皆與永續發展目標相呼應。根據這些洞察，研究進一步提出一套針對越南小型建築設計事務所情境的「永續承包商夥伴關係框架」。本研究不僅補足了相關文獻上的理論缺口，也為實務層面提供具體策略，以協助這些小型事務所提升市場競爭力，並積極參與開發中經濟體的城市永續發展目標。

Vietnam is currently home to one of the most vibrant and intriguing architectural landscapes in the world. This dynamic scene is largely shaped by numerous small-scale architecture firms, whose creative and meaningful interventions contribute to the urban fabric through modest yet impactful projects (Melbourne Design Week - RMIT, 2025). In a rapidly urbanizing city like Ho Chi Minh City, the industry faces growing pressures to adopt sustainable practices in responding to environmental challenges. Within that context, small architectural design firms are positioned to contribute to this transition, especially in addressing the rising demand for residential and service projects. These firms aim to integrate environmental and social impact goals into their projects, while maintaining income for their business. To address these goals as a sustainable value creation approach in design firms, contractor partnership, which is recognized as a main actor in collaborative networks, has been believed to have a potential role. However, there has been a research gap regarding how strategic collaborations with contractors can support the sustainable objectives of small architectural design firms.
Taking perspectives from the collaboration in the Circular Design Model, this research aims to explore how contractor partnerships can be strategized to overcome challenges and pursue sustainable value creation in small architectural design firms’ business model. Adopting a qualitative multiple-case study approach, the research integrates data from participant observations, focus group discussions, and semi-structured in-depth interviews with key stakeholders. Thematic analysis was employed to identify patterns and extract insights related to partnership dynamics, value co-creation, and the integration of circular design strategies.
The findings reveal both structural and relational challenges in contractor collaborations, but also highlight opportunities for mutual learning, trust-building, and adaptive practices that align with sustainability target. Based on these insights, the study proposes a framework for sustainable contractor partnerships focused on the context of small architectural design forms in Vietnam. This research not only contributes to filling a significant gap in the literature but also offers practical strategies for enhancing firm competitiveness and advancing urban sustainability in developing economies.

AD Interviews: Vo Trong Nghia / Chicago Architecture Biennial. (2016, January 19). ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/780168/ad-interviews-vo-trong-nghia-chicago-architecture-biennial
Adams, K. T., Osmani, M., Thorpe, T., & Thornback, J. (2017). Circular economy in construction: Current awareness, challenges and enablers. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource Management, 170(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1680/jwarm.16.00011
af Hällström, A., Bosch-Sijtsema, P., & Poblete, L. (2023). Challenges with collaboration: The interaction of formal and informal ties in infrastructure construction. Construction Management and Economics, 0(0), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2024.2371153
Ahmed, I., Sager, J., & Le, V. C. (2010). Sustainable Low-Income Urban Housing in Vietnam: Context and Strategies. Open House International, 35, 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1108/OHI-03-2010-B0007
Ajayi, S. O., & Oyedele, L. O. (2018). Critical design factors for minimising waste in construction projects: A structural equation modelling approach. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 137, 302–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.06.005
Alhawamdeh, M., Lee, A., & Saad, A. (2024). Designing for a Circular Economy in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction Industry: Insights from Italy. Buildings, 14(7), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14071946
Bajcinovci, B., & Jerliu, F. (2016). Achieving Energy Efficiency in Accordance with Bioclimatic Architecture Principles. Environmental and Climate Technologies, 18(1), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1515/rtuect-2016-0013
Balaban-Ökten, B., & Gundes, S. (2019). Knowledge Management in Small and Medium Architecture , Engineering and Construction Firms in Turkey. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Knowledge-Management-in-Small-and-Medium-%2C-and-in-Balaban-%C3%96kten-Gundes/e5a18a76ecbc6c338efd6947e7f91610cf8f3ed9
Banerjee, A. K. (2008). Changing face of dyslipidemia therapy. Indian Heart Journal, 60(3), 192–194. Scopus.
Bao, Z., & Lu, W. (2020). Developing efficient circularity for construction and demolition waste management in fast emerging economies: Lessons learned from Shenzhen, China. Science of The Total Environment, 724, 138264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138264
Benachio, G. L. F., Freitas, M. D. C. D., & Tavares, S. F. (2020). Circular economy in the construction industry: A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 260. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121046
Bondare, S., Volkova, T., Bondars, E., & Barvika, S. (2018). Business Challenges in the Architecture Industry. Architecture and Urban Planning, 13(1), 118–123. https://doi.org/10.1515/aup-2017-0017
Bos-de Vos, M. (2018a). Business model design toolkit for architects. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328511967_Business_model_design_toolkit_for_architects
Bos-de Vos, M. (2018b). Open for business: Project-specific value capture strategies of architectural firms. In A+BE: Architecture and the Built Environment. https://doi.org/10.7480/abe.2018.13
Bos-de Vos, M., Lieftink, B., Volker, L., & Wamelink, H. (2014). International Collaboration and Partnering in the Supply Chain as Business Opportunities for architectural firms. In Proceedings 30th Annual Association of Researchers in Construction Management Conference, ARCOM 2014.
Bos-de Vos, M., Lieftink, B., Wamelink, H., & Kraaijeveld, J. (2017). Challenges in the business models of creative professional service firms.
Bos-de Vos, M., Volker, L., & Wamelink, H. (2016). Unraveling Supply-Driven Business Models of Architectural Firms.
Bos-de Vos, M., Wamelink, J. W. F. H., & Volker, L. (2016). Trade-offs in the value capture of architectural firms: The significance of professional value. Construction Management and Economics, 34(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2016.1177192
Bowman, C., & Ambrosini, V. (2000). Value Creation Versus Value Capture: Towards a Coherent Definition of Value in Strategy. British Journal of Management, 11(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.00147
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In APA handbook of research methods in psychology, Vol 2: Research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological (pp. 57–71). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/13620-004
Butt, A. N., & Dimitrijević, B. (2022). Multidisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Collaboration in Nature-Based Design of Sustainable Architecture and Urbanism. Sustainability, 14(16), Article 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610339
Cardoni, A., Kiseleva, E., & Taticchi, P. (2020). In Search of Sustainable Value: A Structured Literature Review. Sustainability, 12(2), 615. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020615
Cambier, C., Galle, W., & De Temmerman, N. (2020). Research and development directions for design support tools for circular building. Buildings, 10(8). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3390/BUILDINGS10080142
Campbell, A. (2019). Mass timber in the circular economy: Paradigm in practice? Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability, 172(3), 141–152. https://doi.org/10.1680/jensu.17.00069
Castillo, T., Herrera, R. F., & Alarcón, L. F. (2023). The Quality of Small Social Networks and Their Performance in Architecture Design Offices. Journal of Construction Engineering & Management, 149(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1061/JCEMD4.COENG-12120
Charef, R., Morel, J.-C., & Rakhshan, K. (2021). Barriers to Implementing the Circular Economy in the Construction Industry: A Critical Review. Sustainability, 13(23), Article 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132312989
Chi, Z., Liu, Z., Wang, F., & Osmani, M. (2023). Driving Circular Economy through Digital Technologies: Current Research Status and Future Directions. Sustainability, 15(24), Article 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416608
Cohen, L., Wilkinson, A., Arnold, J., & Finn, R. (2005). ‘Remember I’m the bloody architect!’: Architects, organizations and discourses of profession. Work, Employment and Society, 19(4), 775–796. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017005058065
Cruz Rios, F., Grau, D., & Bilec, M. (2021). Barriers and Enablers to Circular Building Design in the US: An Empirical Study. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 147(10), 04021117. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0002109
Dao, T.-N., Chen, P.-H., & Nguyen, T.-Q. (2021). Critical Success Factors and a Contractual Framework for Construction Projects Adopting Building Information Modeling in Vietnam. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 19(1), 85–102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-020-00542-3
De Simone, Z., Zheng, T., Xu, T. B., & Kalantari, S. (2023). FlexiArch: A computational tool to assess the longevity of buildings through flexibility. Journal of Building Engineering, 78, 107178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107178
Demkin, J. A., & Joseph A., T. A. I. of. (2001). The Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice. John Wiley & Sons.
Dimaculangan, E. P. (2023). Current construction and demolition waste management strategies for Philippine construction sector – A systematic literature review. Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, 8(1), 66–77. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.47481/jscmt.1252591
Dokter, G., Thuvander, L., & Rahe, U. (2021). How circular is current design practice? Investigating perspectives across industrial design and architecture in the transition towards a circular economy. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 26, 692–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.12.032
Durst, S., Edvardsson, I., & Bruns, G. (2013). Knowledge creation in small construction firms. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Knowledge-creation-in-small-construction-firms-Durst-Edvardsson/e38fd77548f3758553dc1d9e1e398129fa411cf2
Engelmayer, M., Fahnenmüller, L., & Herstatt, C. (2019, July 15). The tensions of managing innovation in a project-based environment: The case of small and medium-sized architectural firms.
European Commission. (2021). Construction and demolition waste—European Commission. https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/waste-and-recycling/construction-and-demolition-waste_en
Evans, S., Fernando, L., & Yang, M. (2017). Sustainable Value Creation—From Concept Towards Implementation. In R. Stark, G. Seliger, & J. Bonvoisin (Eds.), Sustainable Manufacturing: Challenges, Solutions and Implementation Perspectives (pp. 203–220). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48514-0_13
Evbuomwan, N. F. O., & Anumba, C. J. (1998). An integrated framework for concurrent life-cycle design and construction. Advances in Engineering Software, 29(7), 587–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0965-9978(98)00024-6
Evertsen, P. H., & Knotten, V. (2024). Toward a collaborative circular ecosystem within the built environment. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 52, 95–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.019
Farooque, M., Zhang, A., Thürer, M., Qu, T., & Huisingh, D. (2019). Circular supply chain management: A definition and structured literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 882–900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.303
Fitriani, H., & Ajayi, S. (2023). Barriers to sustainable practices in the Indonesian construction industry. Journal of Environmental Planning & Management, 66(10), 2028–2050. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2022.2057281
Francesca Zanotto. (2020). Circular Architecture. https://letteraventidue.com/it/prodotto/399/circular-architecture
Fuller, R. B. (2008). Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth. Estate of R. Buckminster Fuller.
Geissdoerfer, M., Pieroni, M. P. P., Pigosso, D. C. A., & Soufani, K. (2020). Circular business models: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 277, 123741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123741
Geldermans, R. J. (2016). Design for Change and Circularity—Accommodating Circular Material & Product Flows in Construction. 96, 301–311. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.09.153
Ghisellini, P., Cialani, C., & Ulgiati, S. (2016). A review on circular economy: The expected transition to a balanced interplay of environmental and economic systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 11–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.007
Ghisellini, P., Ripa, M., & Ulgiati, S. (2018). Exploring environmental and economic costs and benefits of a circular economy approach to the construction and demolition sector. A literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 178, 618–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.207
Haase, M., Bernegger, H., & Meslec, M. (2024). Stakeholder Mapping for Value Creation of New Circular Business Models. In V. Ungureanu, L. Bragança, C. Baniotopoulos, & K. M. Abdalla (Eds.), 4th International Conference “Coordinating Engineering for Sustainability and Resilience” & Midterm Conference of CircularB “Implementation of Circular Economy in the Built Environment” (pp. 325–334). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57800-7_30
Hakaste et al. (2024). Lifecycle Performance in Promoting the Longevity of Buildings Durability, Adaptability and Reusability as Tools for a Circular Economy | GlobalABC. https://globalabc.org/resources/publications/lifecycle-performance-promoting-longevity-buildings-durability-adaptability
Hamida, M. B., Jylhä, T., Remøy, H., & Gruis, V. (2022). Circular building adaptability and its determinants – A literature review. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 41(6), 47–69. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBPA-11-2021-0150
Harala, L., Alkki, L., Aarikka-Stenroos, L., Al-Najjar, A., & Malmqvist, T. (2023). Industrial ecosystem renewal towards circularity to achieve the benefits of reuse—Learning from circular construction. Journal of Cleaner Production, 389, 135885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.135885
Hart, S. L., & Milstein, M. B. (2003). Creating sustainable value. Academy of Management Perspectives, 17(2), 56-67.
Hart, J., Adams, K., Giesekam, J., Tingley, D. D., & Pomponi, F. (2019). Barriers and drivers in a circular economy: The case of the built environment. 80, 619–624. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.12.015
Hedgren, E., & Stehn, L. (2014). The impact of clients’ decision-making on their adoption of industrialized building. Construction Management and Economics, 32(1–2), 126–145. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2013.833340
Henderson, R. (2021). Innovation in the 21st Century: Architectural Change, Purpose, and the Challenges of Our Time. Management Science, 67(9), 5479–5488. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.3746
Henderson, R. M., & Clark, K. B. (1990). Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established Firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 9–30. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393549
Hennink, M., Hutter, I., & Bailey, A. (2020). Qualitative Research Methods. SAGE.
Ho, K., 박진홍, & 박태현. (2006). A Case Study on the Organization Structure and Project Delivery System of Small Architecture Design Firms. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-Case-Study-on-the-Organization-Structure-and-of-Ho-%EB%B0%95%EC%A7%84%ED%99%8D/0ab4ae3ce0086ea0a07055d45987ffbe354fb125
Hoang Giang, N., Thi Viet Nga, T., Ton Kien, T., Ha Tan, N., & Kawamoto, K. (2022). A Circular Economy: Promotion of Construction and Demolition Waste Management in Vietnam. In J. Ren & L. Zhang (Eds.), Circular Economy and Waste Valorisation: Theory and Practice from an International Perspective (pp. 103–130). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04725-1_5
Hopkinson, P., De Angelis, R., & Zils, M. (2020). Systemic building blocks for creating and capturing value from circular economy. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 155, 104672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104672
Huovila, P., & Westerholm, N. (2022). Circularity and sustainability in the construction value chain. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1078(1), 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012004
Ismail, I., Mohamed, W. S. W., Ja’afar, M. F. Z., & Mohamed, A. S. B. (2024). Architectural Entrepreneurship Resilience: A Conceptual Model for Adaptive Business Strategies in Post-Pandemic. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(3), 1168–1186.
Joensuu, T., Edelman, H., & Saari, A. (2020). Circular economy practices in the built environment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 276. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124215
Joore, P., & Brezet, H. (2015). A Multilevel Design Model: The mutual relationship between product-service system development and societal change processes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 97, 92–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.043
Kirchherr, J., Reike, D., & Hekkert, M. (2017a). Conceptualizing the Circular Economy: An Analysis of 114 Definitions (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 3037579). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3037579
Kirchherr, J., Reike, D., & Hekkert, M. (2017b). Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 127, 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005
Kjerulf, L., & Haugbølle, K. (2023). Theoretical Framework of Circular Business Model Innovation for Building Contractors. In G. Lindahl & S. C. Gottlieb (Eds.), SDGs in Construction Economics and Organization (pp. 77–90). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25498-7_6
Korhonen, J., Honkasalo, A., & Seppälä, J. (2018). Circular Economy: The Concept and its Limitations. Ecological Economics, 143, 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.06.041
Lepak, D. P., Smith, K. G., & Taylor, M. S. (2007). Introduction to Special Topic Forum: Value Creation and Value Capture: A Multilevel Perspective. The Academy of Management Review, 32(1), 180–194.
Lofthouse, V., & Prendeville, S. (2018). Human-Centred Design of Products And Services for the Circular Economy – A Review. The Design Journal, 21(4), 451–476. https://doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2018.1468169
Løwendahl, B. R., Revang, Ø., & Fosstenløkken, S. M. (2001). Knowledge and Value Creation in Professional Service Firms: A Framework for Analysis. Human Relations, 54(7), 911–931. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726701547006
Lu, S., & Sexton, M. (2006a). Innovation in small construction knowledge‐intensive professional service firms: A case study of an architectural practice. Construction Management and Economics, 24(12), 1269–1282. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190600879109
Lu, S., & Sexton, M. (2006b). Innovation in small construction knowledge‐intensive professional service firms: A case study of an architectural practice. Construction Management and Economics, 24(12), 1269–1282. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190600879109
MahmoumGonbadi, A., Genovese, A., & Sgalambro, A. (2021). Closed-loop supply chain design for the transition towards a circular economy: A systematic literature review of methods, applications and current gaps. Journal of Cleaner Production, 323, 129101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129101
Mangialardo, A., & Micelli, E. (2018). Rethinking the Construction Industry Under the Circular Economy: Principles and Case Studies. In A. Bisello, D. Vettorato, P. Laconte, & S. Costa (Eds.), Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions (pp. 333–344). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75774-2_23
Manzini, E. (2009). New design knowledge. Design Studies, 30(1), 4–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2008.10.001
Mazur, Ł. (2021). Circular economy in housing architecture: Methods of implementation. ACTA SCIENTIARUM POLONORUM - Architectura Budownictwo, 20, 65–74. https://doi.org/10.22630/ASPA.2021.20.2.15
Meroni, A. (2008). Strategic design: Where are we now? Reflection around the foundations of a recent discipline. Strategic Design Research Journal, 1(1), Article 1.
Minh, N. (2022). Corporate social responsibility performance and its effects on climate for innovation and opportunism: Evidence from Vietnamese architectural design firms. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 31. https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-06-2022-0579
Minh, N. (2024). Assessing the readiness for sustainable building material adoption: A study from construction organizations of different sizes. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-12-2023-1229
Minh, N., Nguyen, T., Chien, P., & Ha, K. (2023). Sustainable redevelopment of urban areas: Assessment of key barriers for the reconstruction of old residential buildings. Sustainable Development, 32, 2282–2297. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2777
Moreno, M., De los Rios, C., Rowe, Z., & Charnley, F. (2016). A Conceptual Framework for Circular Design. Sustainability, 8(9), Article 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8090937
Mugge, R. (2018). Product Design and Consumer Behaviour in a Circular Economy. Sustainability, 10(10), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103704
Munaro, M. R., Tavares, S. F., & Bragança, L. (2020). Towards circular and more sustainable buildings: A systematic literature review on the circular economy in the built environment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 260, 121134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121134
Nghiem, H. T., Phan, Q. M., Kawamoto, K., Ngo, K. T., Nguyen, H. G., Nguyen, T. D., Isobe, Y., & Kawasaki, M. (2020). AN INVESTIGATION OF THE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE IN VIETNAM. Detritus, 12, 135. https://doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2020.14002
Nguyen, M. V. (2023). Barriers to innovation in construction organizations of different sizes: A case study in Vietnam. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-07-2022-0701
Nußholz, J. L. K., Rasmussen, F. N., Whalen, K., & Plepys, A. (2020). Material reuse in buildings: Implications of a circular business model for sustainable value creation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 245, 118546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118546
Osmani, M., Glass, J., & Price, A. D. F. (2008). Architects’ perspectives on construction waste reduction by design. Waste Management, 28(7), 1147–1158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.05.011
Pang, S., Liew, J. Y. R., Dai, Z., & Wang, Y. (2016). Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction Joining Tech-niques Review. Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.29173/mocs31
Papadonikolaki, E., Verbraeck, A., & Wamelink, H. (2017). Formal and informal relations within BIM-enabled supply chain partnerships. Construction Management and Economics, 35(8–9), 531–552. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2017.1311020
Passarelli, R. (2019). Environmental Benefits of Reusable Modular Mass Timber Construction for Residential use in Japan: An LCA Approach. Modular and Offsite Construction (MOC) Summit Proceedings, 157–164. https://doi.org/10.29173/mocs89
Pauliuk, S. (2018). Critical appraisal of the circular economy standard BS 8001:2017 and a dashboard of quantitative system indicators for its implementation in organizations. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 129, 81–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.10.019
Pearce, D., & Turner, R. (1991). Economics of natural resources and the environment / D.W. Pearce, R.K. Turner. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 73. https://doi.org/10.2307/1242904
Pomponi, F., & Moncaster, A. (2017). Circular economy for the built environment: A research framework. Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 710–718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.055
Ramilo, R. (2014). Key Determinants and Barriers in Digital Innovation Among Small Architectural Organizations. Electronic Journal of Information Technology in Construction, ISSN 1874-475, 188–209.
Rane, N. (2023). Integrating Leading-Edge Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and Big Data Technologies for Smart and Sustainable Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry: Challenges and Future Directions (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 4616049). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4616049
Robert Schmidt III, Simon Austin. (2016). Adaptable Architecture: Theory and practice. Routledge & CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/Adaptable-Architecture-Theory-and-practice/SchmidtIII-Austin/p/book/9780415522588
Rodrigues, B. V., & Henriques, P. G. (2016). Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover—Need to Rethink Materials in Construction. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference People, Buildings & Environment, 4, 145–156.
Sartori, I., Napolitano, A., & Voss, K. (2012). Net zero energy buildings: A consistent definition framework. Energy and Buildings, 48, 220–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.01.032
Schulz, C., Hjaltadóttir, R. E., & Hild, P. (2019). Practising circles: Studying institutional change and circular economy practices. Journal of Cleaner Production, 237, 117749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117749
Senaratne, S., Rodrigo, N., Almeida, L. M. M. C. E., Perera, S., & Jin, X. (2023). Systematic review on stakeholder collaboration for a circular built environment: Current research trends, gaps and future directions. Resources, Conservation & Recycling Advances, 19, 200169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcradv.2023.200169
Seo, D., & Kwon, Y. (2017). In-Migration and Housing Choice in Ho Chi Minh City: Toward Sustainable Housing Development in Vietnam. Sustainability, 9(10), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9101738
Shelton, J., Martek, I., & Chen, C. (2016). Implementation of innovative technologies in small-scale construction firms: Five Australian case studies. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 23(2), 177–191. https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-01-2015-0006
Tapdiya, A. (2023, December 29). The role of partnerships in building an architectural brand. RTF | Rethinking The Future. https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/architectural-community/a11745-the-role-of-partnerships-in-building-an-architectural-brand/
Tomoaia-Cotisel, A., Kim, H., Allen, S., & Blanchet, K. (2017). CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAMS A tool for visualizing the system structure resulting in emergent system behaviour (pp. 97–114).
Towards the Circular Economy Vol. 3: Accelerating the scale-up across global supply chains | Shared by Business. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2024, from https://emf.thirdlight.com/link/t4gb0fs4knot-n8nz6f/@/preview/1?o
UNEP. (2023, September 12). Building Materials And The Climate: Constructing A New Future | UNEP - UN Environment Programme. https://www.unep.org/resources/report/building-materials-and-climate-constructing-new-future
U.S. Green Building Council. (2021). LEED rating system | U.S. Green Building Council. https://www.usgbc.org/leed
van Tilburg, M., Krikke, H., & Lambrechts, W. (2022). Supply Chain Relationships in Circular Business Models: Supplier Tactics at Royal Smit Transformers. Logistics, 6(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics6040077
Wautelet, T. (2018). The Concept of Circular Economy: Its Origins and its Evolution. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.17021.87523
Weingardt, R. G. (1996). Partnering: Building a Stronger Design Team. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 2(2), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0431(1996)2:2(49)
Whang, S.-W., Flanagan, R., Kim, S., & Kim, S. (2017). Contractor-Led Critical Design Management Factors in High-Rise Building Projects Involving Multinational Design Teams. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 143(5), 06016009. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001242
Winans, K., Kendall, A., & Deng, H. (2017). The history and current applications of the circular economy concept. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68, 825–833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.123
World Bank Country and Lending Groups – World Bank Data Help Desk. (2024). https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-classification