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研究生： 王斯穎
Wang, Ssu-Ying
論文名稱： 國家公園永續生態旅遊服務設計:以台江國家公園為例
Innovative Service Design of Taijiang National Park Sustainable Ecotourism
指導教授： 陳國祥
Chen, Kuo-Hsiang
謝孟達
Shieh, Meng-Dar
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 規劃與設計學院 - 創意產業設計研究所
Institute of Creative Industries Design
論文出版年： 2012
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 95
中文關鍵詞： 台江國家公園 、國家公園 、生態旅遊 、永續經營 、資源保育 、環境教育 、地方回饋
外文關鍵詞： Taijiang National Park, ecotourism, sustainable, ecological conservation, environmental education, local benefit
相關次數： 點閱：304  下載：23 
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    • 旅遊產業是台灣近年來政府大力推動的產業之一。 在政府推動下，旅遊人口與旅遊產業經濟成長逐年增加，但過多的遊客造成旅遊地區的破壞與環境乘載量超標。 隨著環境保護的意識抬頭，人們開始講究深度，高品質，與負責任的旅遊方式，因此生態旅遊的概念應運而生。

    國家公園劃設的目的在於保護國家特有之自然風景、野生動物及史蹟，並供國民之育樂及研究。透過生態旅遊的活動正好可以在國家公園的資源保護與環境教育推廣中達到永續經營的目標。因各個國家公園自然資源與文化背景的差異，獨具地方性的生態旅遊方式也應運而生。 台江國家公園為二零零九年底成立的第八座台灣國家公園，也是第一座由地方催生的國家公園，因此在國家公園的管理與規劃不同於以往由中央主導的國家公園。然而當地既有的生態旅遊產業與國家公園的成立充滿了合作或衝突的未知數。因此台江國家公園的成立與生態旅遊未來的規劃與發展上如何達到永續經營成為一項極為重要的課題。

    本研究透過深度訪談當地生態旅遊相關業者、當地非政府組織、專家、及公部門的意見，經由分析，研擬出台江國家公園發展永續生態旅遊的合作模式與建議。透過合理的推廣與資源保育，環境教育，落實地方回饋，形成當地生態旅遊正向合作的永續經營，也期望對台灣國家公園的生態旅遊發展有所助益。 研究的結果顯示，無論是公部門，當地非政府組織，當地生態旅遊相關業者都對永續生態旅遊的發展有高度的合作意願，希望借由公部門的率先推行，在生態保育與環境教育上共同合作。 藉由生態旅遊相關的合作提升地方回饋，形成一個生態旅遊發展的正向循環，並且達到國家公園永續經營的目標。

    The aim of this study is to develop a service design for National Park sustainable ecotourism, taking Taijiang National Park as the case. In this study, we focus on the relationship and cooperation between stakeholders under sustainable ecotourism development.

    In recent years, tourism has experienced continued growth and has become a key player in international commerce. However, tourist “overload” and inappropriate activities are damaging tourism resources. With the rising awareness of environmental conservation, mass tourism cannot meet the current requirement. Ecotourism of high quality and depth of experience, which is focused on environmental responsibility, is becoming mainstream.

    National parks are established to conserve unique natural resources and, historic sites, and they also provide public recreation and areas for scientific research. Ecotourism is a means by which to achieve sustainable management of such environments through ecological conservation and environmental education. Distinctions, in ecological resources and cultural context, shape the nature of ecotourism in every national park around the world. The eighth national park in Taiwan, Taijiang National Park, was established in October, 2009. Taijiang is the first national park to be proposed by local government. It is remarkably different from other national parks in Taiwan. The existing ecotourism industry and the establishment of a national park full of unknowns have caused both controversy and concurrence around Taijiang. Therefore, a method by which to achieve a balance between ecological conservation, environmental education, and the benefit of local residents has become a prominent issue in Taijiang.

    This empirical study is conducted using in-depth interviews with local, relevant proprietors, NGO/NPOs, experts, and members of the public sectors. In this study, a service design and some recommendations for sustainable ecotourism in Taijiang National Park will be proposed via a qualitative data analysis. This study through the concepts of “sustainable ecology”, “environmental education”, and “benefits and empowerment of local people” supports a positive expansion of sustainable ecotourism. We expect the results of these recommendations to have a sustainable ecotourism approach that will enter a new stage in all of the national parks in Taiwan.

    Relevant ecotourism stakeholders, including the public sector, local NGO/NPOs, and relevant proprietors, are expressing a high degree of willingness to cooperate with regard to an approach for sustainable ecotourism. Based on ecotourism cooperation as regard ecological conservation and environmental education, local benefits may be enhanced, and, as a result, ecotourism can expand. Furthermore, the operation of a sustainable ecotourism program can be achieved in the national park.

    List of Tables XI List of Figures XII Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research Background and Motivation 1 1.2 Research Objective 4 1.3 Research Limitation 5 1.4 Research Procedure 5 Chapter 2 Literature Review 7 2.1 Tourism 7 2.1.1 From Tourism to Ecotourism 10 2.2 Ecotourism 12 2.2.1 Ecotourism development 16 2.2.2 Sustainable ecotourism 18 2.2.3 Case studies of sustainable ecotourism 20 2.3 The National Park 21 2.3.1 National Park development 22 2.3.2 Ecotourism in National Park 27 2.4 Taijiang National Park 29 2.4.1 Development of Taijiang National Park 29 2.4.2 Natural resources in Taijiang 31 2.5 Actor Network Theory 36 Chapter 3 Research Methods 38 3.1 Qualitative Research 38 3.2 In-depth Interview 39 3.3 Research process 41 3.4 Research Validity 42 3.5 Participant Selection 43 Chapter 4 Research Procedures and Results 47 4.1 Ecotourism around Taijiang before the establishment of the national park 47 4.1.1 Role of the public sector 47 4.1.2 The ecotourism in Qigu before the establishment of the national park 48 4.1.3 The ecotourism in Sicao before the establishment of the national park 51 4.1.4 The existing ecotourism activities in Qigu and Sicao 55 4.2 Possibility of sustainable ecotourism in Taijiang 56 4.2.1 Ecologically sustainable ecotourism in Taijiang National Park 57 4.2.2 Environmental education in Taijiang National Park 62 4.2.3 Benefits and empowerment of the local resident in Taijiang National Park 67 4.3 Sustainable ecotourism service design in Taijiang National Park 73 4.3.1 Ecological sustainability 75 4.3.2 Environmental education 77 4.3.3 Benefits and empowerment of the local residents 80 4.3.4 Summary 82 Chapter 5 Conclusions and Suggestions 83 5.1 Conclusions 83 5.2 Suggestions for future study 87 References 89

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