近年來隨著 5G、物聯網與人工智慧等技術快速崛起，全球通信產業的競爭也越來越激烈，過去學術界對於台灣通信產業的效率研究相對有限，大多數文獻多聚焦於電信業者以及國外大廠作為研究對象，對於台灣通信產業公司進行系統性效率分析的研究為數不多。因此，本研究以20家台灣通信產業公司的營運效率進行量化分析，使用動態SBM模型（DEA-Dynamic SBM Model），再更進一步將這 20 家公司分為「通信產業設備製造商」與「通信產業零組件供應商」兩種類別，研究期間設定為 2020 年至 2024 年。設備製造商主要負責系統整合與終端設備生產，位於產業鏈的中下游，零組件供應商則提供射頻元件、天線模組、光通訊元件等核心技術產品，位於產業鏈的上游，本研究則採用資料包絡分析法DEA中的動態 SBM模型。
從實證結果來看，2022 年是整個研究期間效率表現最好的一年，這段時間正好對應到 COVID-19 疫情期間遠端工作及教學需求大幅增加，通信設備訂單大幅提升。然而，2024年整體效率出現明顯下滑，各公司之間的效率差距也隨之擴大，效率最低的公司與效率前緣之間的落差相當顯著，此一現象較可能是疫情帶動需求逐漸消退所致，而非企業本身經營出現問題。在分群比較方面，2020年至2024年零組件供應商的整體平均效率略高於設備製造商，這個結果反映出零組件供應商在技術導向的經營模式下，投入資源轉換為毛利產出的能力相對較好。本研究的分析結果顯示台灣通信產業製造端整體具備一定的營運效率基礎，但不同公司之間的資源配置能力仍存在相當落差。效率較好的公司通常能夠同時在人力、成本與研發等面向做到有效整合，並轉換出較佳的毛利表現，效率較弱的公司則多半在成本控制或研發尚有提升空間。

In recent years, the rapid development of technologies such as 5G, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence has driven increasingly intense competition within the global communications industry. Against this backdrop, this study examines the operational efficiency of 20 manufacturing side companies in Taiwan's communications industry between 2020 and 2024. The sample is divided into two groups communications equipment manufacturers and communications component suppliers. Equipment manufacturers are mainly engaged in system integration and end product manufacturing, whereas component suppliers focus on core technology products such as radio frequency (RF) components, antenna modules, and optical communication components. To evaluate efficiency across these two groups, the study applies the Dynamic SBM Model within Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).
The empirical results show that 2022 marked the peak of efficiency performance over the study period, a pattern closely tied to the surge in demand for remote work and remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic; efficiency then declined noticeably from 2024 onward. The findings also point to considerable gaps in resource allocation capability across companies. Firms with higher efficiency tend to integrate labor, cost, and R&D inputs more effectively, converting these advantages into stronger gross profit performance, while less efficient firms generally still have room to improve in cost control or R&D investment.

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