摘要
　　超臨界二氧化碳萃取技術具有低萃取溫度,高擴散能力之特性,能將天然中熱不穩定性物質快速完整地萃出,保留活性成分;故能有效地萃取中草藥及其萃出物產率高。

　　因此本研究以中草藥中具有美白功效之白芨,川芎,甘草,陳皮及五味子以不同的中草藥材處理方式(未經浸泡,浸泡三天,浸泡七天)後,再利用二氧化碳超臨界流體萃取,萃取條件是以一次一變因法進行三種不同溫度及五種不同壓力來探討最佳的萃取條件,及其萃出物對抑制黑色素生成之活性。

　　我們發現經由浸泡七天後再利用超臨界二氧化碳流體於溫度40℃,壓力4000psi 之條件萃取的白芨,川芎,甘草之產率高於索氏萃取法,且白芨,川芎,陳皮,五味子萃取物對生成黑色素,之抑制率均高於索氏法之萃取物。其中白芨萃出物之抑制率更優於對照組熊果素,與麴酸相似。

ABSTRACT
　In this study, we have employed supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technique to extract the ingredients form Chinese herbal medicines, bletilla striata, rhizome of chuaxiong, glcyrrizae radix, pericarpium citri reticulatae, and schisandrae fructus, to assay the bioactivity against the formation of melanin. The herbal medicines were pretreated by immersing with ethanol for 3 and 7 days, respectively, then using this technique to further extract the ingredient from the pretreated liquid or extracted directly without pretreatment. It was found that using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technique with the conditions of 40℃ and 4000 psi the extraction yield was better than that obtained using Soxhlet extraction method for bletilla striata,rhizome of chuaxiong,glcyrrizae radix. For bioactivity assay, it was found that the ingredients extracted from bletilla striata, rhizome of chuaxiong, pericarpium citri reticulatae, and schisandrae fructus using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technique showed better bioactivity than that extracted using Soxhlet method against the formation of melanin than. By comparing the bioactivity with the commercial active ingredients, arbutin and kojic acid, it was found that the extracted ingredients from bletilla striata showed better activity than arbutin and had comparative activity with kojic acid.

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