近年來，鎂及其合金被視為具前瞻性的骨植入固定物，除了因其可降解與優異的生物相容性外，就材料力學層面來看，彈性模數比起現今所使用的醫用金屬材料（不鏽鋼、鈦合金、鈷鉻合金）更為相近天然骨骼，可避免無法刺激新骨生長與重塑的應力遮蔽效應產生。然而，鎂合金在含高濃度氯離子的生理環境中會快速腐蝕，導致組織完全癒合前即失去機械整合性。此外，在降解過程中若氫氣釋放速度過快，亦會使宿主組織受到不利之影響。過去常見對鎂合金進行表面處理的研究，鮮少同時探討其顯微結構所帶來之影響，因此本研究希望透過適當的熱處理加上促進骨活性塗層-磷酸鎂，以期延緩降解速度並提升應用性。
本研究選用以鎂為基地相，添加生物相容性高的鋅、鋯元素的鎂合金為主要材料，探討施以T5、T6以及退火等不同的熱處理方式，並利用成本低且效率高的微波輔助方式，塗覆磷酸鎂化合物於材料表面，觀察其微結構與對機械性質及耐蝕性之變化，並探討於體外細胞試驗的細胞貼附與相容性。
實驗結果顯示，在經過T5時效處理者，因晶粒尺寸較小，晶界多，能提供較多成核所需之驅動力，其機械性質明顯提升，且更優於T6處理。此外，更藉由氫氣釋放、電化學試驗及長期浸泡觀察，可了解到透過熱處理改變材料內部顯微結構以及二次相分佈能改善擠型材ZK60的抗腐蝕能力。透過微波能量、時間、溶液濃度，成功形成一結構穩定的磷酸鎂鈍化層-bobierrite相，有效降低析氫速度，且隨著浸泡時間增加，繼而往上堆疊形成磷酸鈣之化合物強化骨組織與鎂合金間的接合性。於體外細胞試驗結果更可知道，可藉由磷酸鎂修飾鎂合金表面來促進細胞貼附與增生。因此，本研究結合時效熱處理與微波輔助塗覆上磷酸鎂的方式確實在提升其機械性質之餘，也提升生物親和性。

In recent years, magnesium and its alloy have been considered innovative bone implant materials. In addition to its biodegradability and excellent biocompatibility, its elastic modulus is closer to the natural bone than those current medical metal materials used today (stainless steel, Ti alloys, Co-Cr alloys) in terms of the mechanics of material. It can avoid the stress shielding effect that does not stimulate new bone growth and remodeling. However, magnesium alloys are corroded rapidly in a physiological environment with a high concentration of chloride ions, resulting in the loss of mechanical integration before the tissue is completely healed. Besides, the host tissue will also suffer adverse effect when hydrogen evolution is too fast during degradation. In the past, research on the surface treatment of magnesium alloys rarely discussed the effect of the microstructure on the corrosion behavior. Therefore, this study combined the appropriate heat treatment and the stimulation of bone activing magnesium phosphate coating with low cost microwave radiation to slow down the degradation rate and improve applications.
This study chose magnesium alloys by adding zinc and zirconium elements (ZK60) as the main material by considering the biocompatibility. After the different heat treatment T5, T6 as well as annealing and applying the low-cost and high-efficiency microwave-assisted method to coat the magnesium phosphate compound on the surface of the material, the microstructure, the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and cell compatibility were discussed.
The results showed that the T5 aging treatment has smaller grain size and more grain boundaries driven by more nucleation sites. Its mechanical properties were significantly improved and better than T6-treated. It indicated changing the microstructure and the distribution of secondary phase through heat treatment can improve the corrosion resistance of the extruded ZK60 by hydrogen evolution test, potential dynamic polarization test and long-term immersion test. Through microwave energy, time, and solution concentration optimization, a stable structure-bobierrite phase was successfully formed, and effectively reduced the hydrogen evolution rate. Moreover, as the immersion time increased, calcium phosphate was formed on the surface which could strengthen the bonding force between the bone tissue and magnesium alloy. In vitro test results can be known that cell attachment and proliferation can be promoted by modifying the surface with magnesium phosphate. Thus, this research combined the aging heat treatment and microwave-assisted coating of magnesium phosphate not only to enhance its mechanical properties but improve biological affinity.

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