本研究目的在於透過比較各種管理制度，找出適當之制度來改善港區船舶污染之問題。透過私部門成本極小化與社會成本極小化之比較，找出能將環境成本內部化之制度。對於航商而言，補貼制度可以達到最大的污染減量效果，其次為課稅制度與保證金制度，命令管制制度的污染減量效果最弱。對於港務公司與航港局而言，保證金制度有最大誘因投入資源增加稽查成效與減少環境成本，其次為補貼制度與課稅制度，命令管制制度的誘因最小。因此採用保證金制度，可以使航商做到污染減量，使港務公司與航港局投入資源增加稽查成效與減少環境成本。

The purpose of this study is to compare various management systems to find the appropriate system to reduce the pollution from ships. Comparing the cost minimization of the private sector and cost minimization of social sector to find the system which can internalize the environmental costs. For shipping companies, the subsidy system can achieve maximum pollution reduction effect, followed by the tax system and the deposit system, the pollution reduction of command control system has the weakest effect. For Ports Corporation and the Maritime and Port Bureau, the deposit system has the greatest incentive to invest resources to increase the effectiveness of the audit and reduce the environmental cost, followed by the subsidy system and the tax system, the command control system has the weakest incentive. By using the deposit system, the shipping companies can reduce pollution, Ports Corporation and the Maritime and Port Bureau can invest resources to increase the effectiveness of audit and reduce environmental costs.

壹、中文文獻
邱永芳、陸曉筠、李忠潘、陳陽益、薛憲文、吳濟華 (2011)。『臺灣綠色港埠建置』研討會論文集。
葉雨松、邱永芳、陳桂清、柯正龍、盧志強、許真瑜 (2013)。高雄港貨櫃碼頭高壓岸電使用成本效益評。第 35 屆海洋工程研討會論文集。
葉繼開、蕭代基（2004）。有害事業廢棄物管理之有效對策－保證金制度。農業經濟叢刊，10(1)，頁25-58。

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