本研究之主要目的為以河川流量資料探討台灣地區之河川消退特徵，並應用於集水區地下水補注量之推估。本論文主要分為兩大主軸，其分別為(1)藉由河川流量分析，探討河川消退特徵；(2)藉由消退曲線位移法與地下水位變動法之結合，改善消退曲線位移法僅適用於季或年的補注量推估限制。

首先，以台灣57個河川流量記錄年限超過30年之流量站資料來分析消退指數與臨界時間，研究結果顯示，消退指數皆落在一定數值區間內，且該區間會隨著集水面積增加而逐漸減小與收斂。此外，流量站高程越低，臨界時間分佈越廣，當流量站高程逐漸增加，臨界時間則會隨之收斂。

再者，為合理推估地下水補注量，本研究主要藉由地下水位變動法結合消退曲線位移法來推估之，做法上先以地下水位變動法求得初始補注量參考值，將此參考值經由消退曲線位移法計算出對應的地下水排出量，以計算獲得的地下水排出量擬合河川流量的消退線段，並反覆調整地下水補注量參考值，當地下水排出量與河川流量在消退線段上達到擬合，即可獲得本研究結合模式之地下水補注量。

最後，本論文以蘭陽平原為研究區域，評估蘭陽溪流域地下水補注量。結果顯示，本研究利用結合模式之分析可獲得補注事件數量、各補注事件的補注時刻，與符合消退理論的地下水補注量，亦可求得該區域的比出水率範圍值，以期提供區域水資源管理研究之參考。

The principal objectives of this dissertation used the streamflow records to evaluate the streamflow recession characteristics and to estimate groundwater recharge. This dissertation was mainly divided into two major parts: (1) analyzing streamflow to determine recession characteristics and behaviors and (2) combining the recession-curve-displacement (RORA) and water-table fluctuation (WTF) methods to expand the seasonal or annual recharge estimation restrictions.

Firstly, the present study analyzed the recession indices and critical times of 57 gauging stations in Taiwan. The analysis results showed that the recession indices were all within a specific numerical range, which gradually reduces and reaches convergence with increased basin area. The elevation of the gauging stations subsequently effects the distribution of critical times, where a lower elevation reduces distribution and convergence was achieved following a gradual incline in elevation.

Secondly, this dissertation provided a composite method combining the RORA and WTF methods to assess groundwater recharge. The initial recharge reference value was determined using the WTF method. The corresponding groundwater discharge was then determined from the recharge reference value using the RORA method. Furthermore, the recession segment of the match between groundwater discharge and streamflow was computed. The recharge reference value was repeatedly adjusted to achieve a good fit with the recession segment for groundwater discharge and streamflow, thereby attaining the final groundwater recharge using the proposed method.

Finally, the groundwater recharge of the Lanyang Creek basin was estimated as a case study. A comparison of RORA method and proposed composite method are presented. Estimation results showed that the number of recharge events, recharge timing of these events, groundwater recharge events that satisfy recession theory, and range of transmissivity can be obtained using the proposed composite method. Comparison results demonstrated that the number of groundwater recharge events obtained with the composite method was greater than that acquired with the RORA method. However, the annual recharge and seasonal recharge obtained with the RORA method and composite method were close. The results of this study can be provided as a valuable reference for future regional water management studies.

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