隨著電子商務的蓬勃發展，宅配的需求也逐漸增加，進而讓傳統物流業者紛紛轉型或成立宅配部門。面對同業間的競爭壓力，物流業者為了提升競爭力和減少運輸成本，所以就有研究提出接駁補貨車輛路徑問題(Feeder Vehicle Routing Problem, FVRP)的配送模式，此問題屬於VRP的延伸，主要是利用大車與機車配合進行配送服務，當機車配送完貨物後，可以直接找大車進行補貨，此補貨方式可以讓整體移動成本減少並加快配送效率。另外，隨著空氣污染等問題越來越嚴重，各國對碳排放的限制也越來越嚴格，這對使用大量車輛的宅配業者來說是一定會面臨到的挑戰。
因此，本研究加入碳排放與電動機車的考量，提出考量碳排放之多車種接駁補貨車輛路徑問題(Heterogeneous Fleet Feeder Vehicle Routing Problem Considering Carbon Emission, EFVRP)，然後建立一數學模型和設計模擬退火法(Simulated Annealing, SA)求解EFVRP，探討如何以最小化車輛的移動成本、碳排放懲罰成本與使用成本的總和為目標滿足全部顧客的需求。所以指派各車種的數量、配送路徑以及補貨點位置為本研究欲求解的結果。
本研究在求解的部分會分別以最佳化軟體Gurobi和SA進行求解，其結果顯示SA的求解結果與效率優於最佳化軟體Gurobi。在敏感度分析的部分，由於目前電動機車的價位比燃油機車高，再加上台灣地狹人稠的特性，讓機車的累計移動距離都不會太長，使得機車碳排放懲罰成本和電動機車移動成本的敏感度分析結果不顯著。以目前的現實情況來看，各家宅配業者要在短時間內導入多輛的電動機車到配送車隊中是不太可行的。如果政府可以提出推廣使用電動機車的相關補助，讓電動機車的使用成本減少，才能達到電動機車普及化的目標。

With the booming of e-commerce, the demand for delivery has gradually increased. Delivery operators want to enhance competitiveness and reduce transportation costs. Therefore, there is a new model called Feeder Vehicle Routing Problem (FVRP), which is the extension of VRP. It mainly uses the cooperation of trucks and motorcycles to carry out delivery service. When motorcycles are out of commodity, it can directly find trucks for reloading. This reloading method can reduce overall travel costs and speed up delivery efficiency. Besides, as air pollution problems become more severe, the restrictions on carbon emission become stricter, which is a challenge for delivery operators. Therefore, this thesis adds carbon emission and electric motorcycle considerations, and proposes a Heterogeneous Fleet Feeder Vehicle Routing Problem Considering Carbon Emission (EFVRP). Then formulate a mathematical model and proposes a simulated annealing (SA) method for solving EFVRP. The objective of EFVRP is to minimize the total cost consisting of travel cost, carbon penalty cost, and fixed vehicle cost. The problem was solved by the optimization software Gurobi and the SA method respectively. The results show that SA is outperforming than Gurobi. For sensitivity analysis, the carbon emission penalty cost of motorcycle and the travel cost of an electric motorcycle is not significant.

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