史特靈致冷器為一具高經濟與科技價值之極低溫致冷器，本論文目標為發展100 K級極低溫史特靈致冷器，根據其驅動型式史特靈致冷器可分為線性驅動與迴轉式驅動，其中線性驅動之成本較高體積較大，迴轉式致冷器容易與直流無刷馬達整合，本研究針對迴轉式史特靈致冷器進行原型機設計開發。迴轉式史特靈致冷器依據汽缸配置又可分為分置式與整體式，分置式致冷器可減少活塞振動對冷凍性能之影響，而整體式致冷器藉由馬達整合設計可以將整體尺寸微型化。
本論文建立通用於分置式與整體式史特靈致冷器之理論模型，以熱力模式計算致冷器內部工作流體受機構壓縮膨脹時之質量、壓力與溫度變化，不同於有效度方法本研究將再生熱交換器分隔為多個次體積計算再生器中之溫度分布，致冷頭可達之低溫為史特靈致冷器之研究目標，故理論模型中由致冷頭能量方程式預測其由初始溫度下降至穩態致冷溫度之過程。另外，本研究首先考慮工作氣體在高壓低溫下動黏滯係數與熱傳導係數之變化，以及極低溫對材料比熱與熱傳導係數之影響，本研究除了探討致冷溫度之外，也計算第二定律效率(即真實COP與卡諾COP之比例)。
本研究分別完成分置式與整體式史特靈致冷器之原型機設計製作，並建立實驗量測系統以測試極低溫致冷器性能。對於分置式結構提出平面彈簧與氣體彈簧之設計，根據實測結果，使用平面彈簧與氣體彈簧之致冷器性能相近，在無負載條件下兩者分別可達100 K與103 K之致冷溫度，而在熱負載測試下第二定律效率分別達到4.5 % 與4.2 %。本研究利用表面型永磁同步馬達完成整體式致冷器，在體積與重量上能符合光學感測器之應用，在35 bar填充壓力、3000 rpm轉速下可獲得88 K無負載致冷溫度，另外在113 K致冷溫度下可達到0.2 W致冷功率與2.8 %第二定律效率。
本論文完成三型100-K級史特靈致冷器之開發，並測試原型機致冷溫度與致冷功率，由實驗數據驗證所提出理論模型之適用性，另外於文中說明目前技術的不足與未來發展方向。

Stirling cryocooler has been a critical device in cryogenic applications. This thesis is aimed at development of 100-K class Stirling cryocooler by numerical and experimental methods. Stirling cryocooler can be divided into linear and rotary types according to their drive mechanism. BLDC (Brushless DC) motor can be readily integrated to rotary Stirling cryocooler. This study is focused on the rotary cryocooler with both split and integral configurations that may be developed to various applications.
A theoretical model is firstly built is this thesis to analyze the Stirling cryocoolers with the two configurations. Variations of mass, pressure and temperature of working gas are evaluated based on the thermodynamic analysis. Cold head temperature is the primary object for Stirling cryocooler. As a result, process of temperature fall of the cold head is prescribed with an energy equation. Effects of pressure and temperature on transport properties are considered in present model. Influence of cryogenic temperature on solid material is introduce as well. The ratio of the actual COP to the Carnot COP is defined to represent the relative performance of Stirling cryocooler.
On the other hand, prototyping of split and integral Stirling cryocooler is accomplished in this thesis. Experimental system is constructed for measuring the performance of the cryocoolers. For the split configuration, prototypes with planar spring and gas spring are demonstrated with 100 K and 103 K no-load temperature. A surface permanent magnetic synchronous motor is designed to be integrated with integral Stirling cryocooler. No-load temperature of 88 K is achieved at 35-bar charged pressure and 3000-rpm rotation speed. Capacity of 0.2 W is acquired from the proposed integral Stirling cryocooler at a temperature of 113 K.

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