2020年初新冠肺炎COVID-19爆發以來，全球經濟及供應鏈不斷地需要做調整，物流供應商的應變能力便成了一項重要的課題，全世界產業鏈陷入斷鏈危機，並且在疫情的影響下，全世界供應鏈受到全面的衝擊，各國紛紛在找替代的國家取代對中國的依賴程度。 半導體設備業占了全球產業經濟的重要一環，以亞洲的地理位置而言，台灣佔據了一個非常重要的角色，台灣的半導體設備業也是全球半導體產業鍵的重鎮，2021年而台灣因新冠肺炎的防疫有佳而降溫，因此被全球承認且是有目共睹；所以，全世界對台灣在供應鏈上的需求變得非常強烈，當然在物流供應商的選擇及更換上就變的更重要，早期是主要以價格考量，但COVID-19發生後，與原油價格不斷變化，與運費齊漲，全球產業供應鏈的重組就會是未來的趨勢，半導體設備商在疫情間因應物流供應商選擇的可能考慮因素就變得非常重要。
本研究由文獻與產業報告彙整提出指標構面為基礎，針對半導體設備商因應新冠肺炎期間，對物流供應商選擇的關鍵因素探討與因應策略，並藉由產、研、學專家們專業的角度來評估因素間的相對重要性，計算權重並排序後，根據關鍵指標構與要素權重之優勢度，提供半導體設備商或相關產業在未來實行及採用評估決策之參考。本研究以問卷及經由參考文獻，產業報告建立構面與要素的適切性，建構出四大構面分別為「經濟」、「環境」「社會」、與「疫情」與擬定十六項要素。第二階段以網路層級分析法進行專家問卷並分析要素間的相互關係並計算權重，彙整出半導體設備商因疫情期間對物流供應商選擇的關鍵因素探討。
針對分析結果顯示，本研究提出了影響半導體設備商在疫情間影響選擇物流供應商的四大構面中「經濟」構面中的「品質」與「成本」為最重要與次重要的細項考量因素，而「個人防護設備」為第三重要的細項考量因素。

There are over six-million people got infected or died during the pandemic since 2020, and has a tremendous impact on the supply chain networks globally - including ocean, local truck, and air. Selection of the logistics service providers is becoming very important, especially for the mission critical industry such as the semiconductor equipment industry. The research investigates the key factors in the selection of logistic service providers and ANP (Analytic Network Process) is applied to explore the priority of various dimensions and factors. Based on the literature review, a framework consists of four dimensions: economic, environment, society, and COVID-19 pandemic is established and subsequent 16 factors are derived. By collecting the in-depth survey from eighteen experts in this field, ANP is used to evaluate the relative importance among dimensions and factors. The results suggest that quality is the most critical factor and the next is cost. This finding could provide reference for the top management to have a better decision in selecting appropriate supplier.

王振宇、谢新连、许小卫（2021），新冠疫情和双碳战略背景下班轮运输多目标优化。大连海事大学学报,第48卷第1期，頁31-41。
紀岱玲、林我聰（2006），供應商績效評估研究—結合ANP及DEMATEL之應用2006年管理與創新與新願景研討會，淡水真理大學，第52-66頁。
馬毓駿（2020）前瞻性思考 因應新冠肺炎. 經濟前瞻（189）, 37-41.。
鄧振源、曾國雄（1989），層級分析法（AHP）的內涵特性與應用（上）. In: 中國統計學報。

網際網路
財經M平方（2022），全球半導體設備出貨金額，取自
https://www.macromicro.me/collections/2932/info-tech/21192/global-semiconductor-billings-yoy
國發會景氣指標（2022），取自
https://index.ndc.gov.tw/n/zh_tw/data/eco/indicators_table1
經濟部統計處。（2021/02） 產業經濟統計簡訊《375》
國際半導體產業協會 Semi （2022/03），取自https://www.semi.org/zh/press_release/world_fab_forecast/2022_q1
WHO世界衛組織Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19 - 10 August 2022
https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---10-august-2022

Alnuaimi, M., Alzoubi, H. M., Ajelat, D., & Alzoubi, A. A.(2021). Towards intelligent organisations: an empirical investigation of learning orientation's role in technical innovation. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 29(2), 207-221.
Arowoshegbe, A. O., Emmanuel, U., & Gina, A.(2016). Sustainability and triple bottom line: An overview of two interrelated concepts. Igbinedion University Journal of Accounting, 2(16), 88-126.
Bai, C., & Sarkis, J.(2010). Integrating sustainability into supplier selection with grey system and rough set methodologies. International Journal of Production Economics, 124(1), 252-264.
Baskaran, V., Nachiappan, S., & Rahman, S. (2012). Indian textile suppliers' sustainability evaluation using the grey approach. International Journal of Production Economics, 135(2), 647-658.
Belhadi, A., Kamble, S., Jabbour, C. J. C., Gunasekaran, A., Ndubisi, N. O., & Venkatesh, M. (2021). Manufacturing and service supply chain resilience to the COVID-19 outbreak: Lessons learned from the automobile and airline industries. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 163.
Breslin, T.(2021). Lessons from Lockdown: The Educational Legacy of COVID-19: Routledge.
Büyüközkan, G., & Çifçi, G. (2011). A novel fuzzy multi-criteria decision framework for sustainable supplier selection with incomplete information. Computers in Industry, 62(2), 164-174.
Cai, M., & Luo, J. (2020). Influence of COVID-19 on manufacturing industry and corresponding countermeasures from supply chain perspective. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science), 25(4), 409-416.
Chaharsooghi, S. K., & Ashrafi, M. (2014). Sustainable supplier performance evaluation and selection with neofuzzy TOPSIS method. International Scholarly Research Notices.
Chen, Z., Ming, X., Zhou, T., & Chang, Y. (2020). Sustainable supplier selection for smart supply chain considering internal and external uncertainty: An integrated rough-fuzzy approach. Applied Soft Computing, 87.

Choi, T. Y., Rogers, D., & Vakil, B. (2020). Coronavirus is a wake-up call for supply chain management. Harvard Business Review, 27(1), 364-398.
Chowdhury, P., Paul, S. K., Kaisar, S., & Moktadir, M. A. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic related supply chain studies: A systematic review. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 148.
Cuieford, J. P. (1965). Fundamental Statistics in Psychology and Education, (4th ed.), NY McGraw Hill.
Donthu, N., & Gustafsson, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of Business Research, 117 (June).
Elkington, J., & Rowlands, I. H. (1999). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Alternatives Journal, 25(4), 42.
Ergu, D., Kou, G., Shi, Y., & Shi, Y. (2014). Analytic network process in risk assessment and decision analysis. Computers & Operations Research, 42, 58-74.
Evenett, S., & Baldwin, R. E. (2020). Revitalising Multilateralism: Pragmatic Ideas for the New WTO Director-General: CEPR Press.
Fraczkiewicz-Wronka, A., Szoltysek, J., & Kotas, M. (2012). Key success factors of social services organizations in the public sector. Management, 16(2), 231.
Frostenson, M., & Prenkert, F. (2015). Sustainable supply chain management when focal firms are complex: a network perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 107, 85-94.
Gao, J., Xiao, Z., Wei, H., & Zhou, G. (2020). Dual-channel green supply chain management with eco-label policy: A perspective of two types of green products. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 146.
Gelbrich, K., & Roschk, H. (2011). A meta-analysis of organizational complaint handling and customer responses. Journal of Service research, 14(1), 24-43.
Ghadimi, P., Wang, C., Lim, M. K., & Heavey, C. (2019). Intelligent sustainable supplier selection using multi-agent technology: Theory and application for Industry 4.0 supply chains. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 127, 588-600.
Gitau, J. (2022). Supply Chain Collaboration using Third Party Logistics Providers as a tool for Enhancing Value Creation. Lahti University of Technology LUT, Master’s Programme in Supply Management (MSM).
Goebel, P., Reuter, C., Pibernik, R., & Sichtmann, C. (2012). The influence of ethical culture on supplier selection in the context of sustainable sourcing. International Journal of Production Economics, 140(1), 7-17.
Goodarzian, F., Taleizadeh, A. A., Ghasemi, P., & Abraham, A. (2021). An integrated sustainable medical supply chain network during COVID-19. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 100.
Görener, A. (2012). Comparing AHP and ANP: an application of strategic decisions making in a manufacturing company. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(11), 194-208.
Govindan, K., Khodaverdi, R., & Jafarian, A. (2013). A fuzzy multi criteria approach for measuring sustainability performance of a supplier based on triple bottom line approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 47, 345-354.
Govindan, K., Shankar, M., & Kannan, D. (2018). Supplier selection based on corporate social responsibility practices. International Journal of Production Economics, 200, 353-379.
Grant, D. B., Wong, C. Y., & Trautrims, A. (2017). Sustainable Logistics and Supply Chain Management: Principles and Practices for Sustainable Operations and Management: Kogan Page Publishers.
Govindan, K., Mina, H., & Alavi, B. (2020). A decision support system for demand management in healthcare supply chains considering the epidemic outbreaks: A case study of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 138.
Heikkurinen, P., & Forsman-Hugg, S. (2011). Strategic corporate responsibility in the food chain. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 18(5), 306-316.
Hendiani, S., Mahmoudi, A., & Liao, H. (2020). A multi-stage multi-criteria hierarchical decision-making approach for sustainable supplier selection. Applied Soft Computing, 94.
Hockings, M., Dudley, N., Elliott, W., Rao, M., Redford, K., & Robinson, J. (2020). COVID-19 and protected and conserved areas. The International Journal of Protected Areas and Conservation.
Hood, C. (1991). A public management for all seasons? Public administration, 69(1), 3-19.
Ishizaka, A., & Nemery, P. (2013). Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: methods and software: John Wiley & Sons.
Ivanov, D. (2021). Supply chain viability and the COVID-19 pandemic: a conceptual and formal generalisation of four major adaptation strategies. International Journal of Production Research, 59(12), 3535-3552.

Ivanov, D., & Dolgui, A. (2021). OR-methods for coping with the ripple effect in supply chains during COVID-19 pandemic: Managerial insights and research implications. International Journal of Production Economics, 232.
Jharkharia, S., & Shankar, R. (2007). Selection of logistics service provider: An analytic network process (ANP) approach. Omega, 35(3), 274-289.
Kale, V. (2017). Agile Network Businesses: Collaboration, Coordination, and Competitive Advantage: Auerbach Publications.
Kannan, D. (2018). Role of multiple stakeholders and the critical success factor theory for the sustainable supplier selection process. International Journal of Production Economics, 195, 391-418.
Kannan, D., Mina, H., Nosrati-Abarghooee, S., & Khosrojerdi, G. (2020). Sustainable circular supplier selection: A novel hybrid approach. Science of the Total Environment, 722.
Karmaker, C. L., Ahmed, T., Ahmed, S., Ali, S. M., Moktadir, M. A., & Kabir, G. (2021). Improving supply chain sustainability in the context of COVID-19 pandemic in an emerging economy: Exploring drivers using an integrated model. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 26, 411-427.
Kaymak, Ö. Ö., & Kaymak, Y. (2022). Prediction of crude oil prices in COVID-19 outbreak using real data. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 158, 111990.
Khan, S. A., Kusi-Sarpong, S., Arhin, F. K., & Kusi-Sarpong, H. (2018). Supplier sustainability performance evaluation and selection: A framework and methodology. Journal of Cleaner Production, 205, 964-979.
Klein, M., Gutowska, E., & Gutowski, P. (2022). innovations in the t&l (transport and logistics) sector during the covid-19 pandemic in sweden, germany and poland. Sustainability, 14(6).
Klemeš, J. J., Van Fan, Y., Tan, R. R., & Jiang, P. (2020). Minimising the present and future plastic waste, energy and environmental footprints related to COVID-19. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 127.
Lai, K.-h., & Cheng, T. E. (2016). Just-In-Time Logistics: Routledge.
Larson, P. D., & Rogers, D. S. (1998). Supply chain management: definition, growth and approaches. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 6(4), 1-5.
Liu, Z., Ciais, P., Deng, Z., Lei, R., Davis, S. J., Feng, S., Zhu, B. (2020). Near-real-time monitoring of global CO2 emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature Communications, 11(1), 1-12.
Lu, D. (2011). Fundamentals of Supply Chain Management: Bookboon.
Martikainen, J., & Himanen, L. (2019). Measuring Sustainability in Supply Chain with Key Performance Indicators. In. Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, JIBS, Centre of Logistics and Supply Chain Management (CeLS).
Markard, J., & Rosenbloom, D. (2020). A tale of two crises: COVID-19 and climate. Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 16(1), 53-60.
Moheb-Alizadeh, H., & Handfield, R. (2019). Sustainable supplier selection and order allocation: A novel multi-objective programming model with a hybrid solution approach. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 129, 192-209.
Morana, J. (2013). Sustainable Supply Chain Management: John Wiley & Sons.
Nakamura, H., & Managi, S. (2020). Airport risk of importation and exportation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Transport Policy, 96, 40-47.
Orji, I. J., & Liu, S. (2020). A dynamic perspective on the key drivers of innovation-led lean approaches to achieve sustainability in manufacturing supply chain. International Journal of Production Economics, 219, 480-496.
Orji, I. J., & Ojadi, F. (2021). Investigating the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on sustainable supplier selection in the Nigerian manufacturing sector. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 160.
Orji, I. J., & Wei, S. (2015). An innovative integration of fuzzy-logic and systems dynamics in sustainable supplier selection: A case on manufacturing industry. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 88, 1-12.
Pan, S. L., & Zhang, S. (2020). From fighting COVID-19 pandemic to tackling sustainable development goals: An opportunity for responsible information systems research. International Journal of Information Management, 55.
Pantano, E., Pizzi, G., Scarpi, D., & Dennis, C. (2020). Competing during a pandemic? Retailers’ ups and downs during the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Business research, 116, 209-213.
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2006). The content validity index: are you sure you know what's being reported? Critique and recommendations. Research in Mursing & Health, 29(5), 489-497.
Prahalad, C. K., & Hamel, G. (2009). The Core Competence of the Corporation. In Knowledge and strategy (pp. 41-59): Routledge.

Rashidi, K., Noorizadeh, A., Kannan, D., & Cullinane, K. (2020). Applying the triple bottom line in sustainable supplier selection: A meta-review of the state-of-the-art. Journal of Cleaner Production, 269.
Queiroz, M. M., Ivanov, D., Dolgui, A., & Fosso Wamba, S. (2020). Impacts of epidemic outbreaks on supply chains: mapping a research agenda amid the COVID-19 pandemic through a structured literature review. Annals of Operations Research, 1-38.
Saad, M., Jones, M., & James, P. (2002). A review of the progress towards the adoption of supply chain management (SCM) relationships in construction. European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, 8(3), 173-183.
Saaty, T. L., & Takizawa, M. (1986). Dependence and independence: From linear hierarchies to nonlinear networks. European Journal of Operational Research, 26(2), 229-237.
Saaty, T. L. (1996). Decision making with dependence and feedback: The Analytic Network Process (Vol. 4922): RWS publications Pittsburgh.
Saaty, T. L. (2005). Making and validating complex decisions with the AHP/ANP. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 14(1), 1-36.
Saaty, T. L. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of Services Sciences, 1(1), 83-98.
Saaty, T. L., & Vargas, L. G. (2006). Decision Making With the Analytic Network Process (Vol. 282): Springer.
Schmidhuber, J., Pound, J., & Qiao, B. (2020). COVID-19: Channels of transmission to food and agriculture. Covid.
Seuring, S., & Müller, M. (2008). From a literature review to a conceptual framework for sustainable supply chain management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 16(15), 1699-1710.
Seuring, S. (2013). A review of modeling approaches for sustainable supply chain management. Decision Support Systems, 54(4), 1513-1520.
Seuring, S., & Gold, S. (2013). Sustainability management beyond corporate boundaries: from stakeholders to performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 56, 1-6.

Stević, Ž., Pamučar, D., Puška, A., & Chatterjee, P. (2020). Sustainable supplier selection in healthcare industries using a new MCDM method: Measurement of alternatives and ranking according to Compromise solution (MARCOS). Computers & Industrial Engineering, 140.
Sun, X., Wandelt, S., Fricke, H., & Rosenow, J. (2021). The Impact of COVID-19 on Air Transportation Network in the United States, Europe, and China. Sustainability, 13(17).
Suraraksa, J., & Shin, K. S. (2019). Comparative analysis of factors for supplier selection and monitoring: The case of the automotive industry in Thailand. Sustainability, 11(4), 981.
Taherdoost, H., & Brard, A. (2019). Analyzing the process of supplier selection criteria and methods. Procedia Manufacturing, 32, 1024-1034.
Thiruchelvam, S., & Tookey, J. (2011). Evolving trends of supplier selection criteria and methods. International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, 4(1), 437-454.
Vo, T. D., & Tran, M. D. (2021). The impact of covid-19 pandemic on the global trade. International Journal of Social Science and Economics Invention, 7, 1-7.
Waltz, C. F., Strickland, O., & Lenz, E. R. (1991). Measurement in Nursing Research: FA Davis Company.
Wind, Y., & Saaty, T. L. (1980). Marketing applications of the analytic hierarchy process. Management Science, 26(7), 641-658.
Yadavalli, V. S., Darbari, J. D., Bhayana, N., Jha, P., & Agarwal, V. (2019). An integrated optimization model for selection of sustainable suppliers based on customers’ expectations. Operations Research Perspectives, 6, 1-16
Yadav, G., Kumar, A., Luthra, S., Garza-Reyes, J. A., Kumar, V., & Batista, L. (2020). A framework to achieve sustainability in manufacturing organisations of developing economies using industry 4.0 technologies’ enablers. Computers in Industry, 122.
Zhou, X., & Xu, Z. (2018). An integrated sustainable supplier selection approach based on hybrid information aggregation. Sustainability, 10(7), 1-49.