人們每天約有85%的時間待在室內環境中，因此，人體健康與室內環境之品質息息相關。室內環境中之污染物主要為揮發性有機汙染物，其中又以甲苯最具代表性。室內環境中之甲苯主要來自於橡膠製品、塗料、消毒劑、黏著劑和化學藥劑中。甲苯本身具高毒性、致癌性且能長時間存在於室內環境中，所以如何有效移除室內環境中的甲苯成為近年重要議題之一。
在移除室內環境中之揮發性有機污染物技術中，有活性碳吸附法、增加換氣效率、控制污染源以及光觸媒氧化法，其中光觸媒氧化法比其他處理方法更能將揮發性有機污染物降解成無毒之水氣和二氧化碳，使其近年來備受關注。
在光觸媒氧化法中，二氧化鈦最常被使用，這是由於二氧化鈦本身較其他光觸媒便宜、穩定、具強氧化能力以及具化學和生物惰性。然而，二氧化鈦本身能隙為3.0 ~ 3.2 eV，其屬紫外光吸收波段，一般到地球表面的太陽光中只含有5%紫外光，因此需要藉由其他改質方法來改善二氧化鈦對於可見光之利用效率，以減少能隙需求。
在本研究中，主要共摻雜S和Zn來增強二氧化鈦對於可見光之利用效率，且利用TGA、XRD、SEM、EDS、Mapping、TEM、UV-Visible spectroscopy、FT-IR、XPS以及ICP-MS特性分析來進行光觸媒之物化特性分析。
在XRD、SEM和TEM特性分析中，其結果顯示本研究自製之光觸媒經500°C鍛燒後皆為銳鈦礦結構，且共摻雜S和Zn之光觸媒晶粒大小皆較純二氧化鈦小；在XPS特性分析中，結果表示本研究自製光觸媒，Ti為Ti4+形式、O為O2-形式、S為S6+形式、Zn為Zn2+形式存在於光觸媒中；另外，在光觸媒活性試驗中又以S5Zn0.01/TiO2具有最佳的光催化活性。因此，本研究以S5Zn0.01/TiO2光觸媒探討後續操作參數之影響。在操作參數活性試驗中，隨著相對濕度略微的增加其有轉化率有些改善，但相對濕度因往少增加時，轉化率隨之下降；隨著相對濃度的增加其轉化率亦隨之下降；隨著反應溫度的增加其轉化率隨之增加；隨著停留時間的增加其轉化率亦隨之增加。另外，在Langmuir-Hinshelwood model 1 ~ 7之中，以Langmuir-Hinshelwood model 4較適合描述S5Zn0.01/TiO2光觸媒降解甲苯之動力模擬，反應過程說明如下:(1)首先甲苯和水氣會先吸附在光觸媒表面之活性位基上；(2)爾後，水氣會被電洞(h+)激發成氫氧自由基(˙OH)；(3)最後，水氣之氫氧自由基(˙OH)會與甲苯互相反應，進一步將甲苯降解成無毒之二氧化碳與水氣。再由Arrhenius equation可獲得反應活化能Ea為78.10 kJ/mol和碰撞因子A為1.50 × 1013 mol/sec cm3。在S5Zn0.01/TiO2光觸媒對甲苯光催化降解反應中，生成產物有CO2和H2O；副產物則含有苯甲醇、苯甲醛、苯甲酸、丙酮、丁二烯以及醋酸。

Human spend 85% or more of their lives in indoor. The indoor environment play an important role that can affect human health. So indoor air quality has received much attention. Many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are major air pollutants in the indoor air, toluene, as one of the most predominant VOCs, is widely applied to rubber, paint, ceiling, disinfectant, tackiness agent and chemical reactants. However, toluene has high toxicity, carcinogenicity and long persistence at indoor environment. So removal of toluene is an important task in the indoor air quality.
Traditional methods of reducing indoor air pollutant include passing it through activated carbon, increasing the air exchange rate, controlling pollutant source, photocatalytic oxidation process (PCO). Among them, PCO is a promising technology for VOCs removal since it has more advantages compared to other traditional methods. Specifically, PCO is degrading VOCs into nontoxic water vapour and carbon dioxide.
Semiconductors used as photocatalysts are capable of removal most VOCs effectively. Among them, titanium dioxide is known as the most popular semiconductor because it is cheap, safe, stable with strong oxidation power and chemical and biological inertness. However, the band gap energy of titanium dioxide is 3.0 to 3.2 eV resulted that titanium dioxide displays very little photocatalytic activity under visible light. On the other hand, the solar light reached to the ground of earth only has 5% energy in UV light. Therefore, to enhance the solar efficiency of titanium dioxide under solar light, it is necessary to modify it to facilitate visible light absorption.
In this study, TiO2, sulfur doped TiO2 and sulfur-zinc codoped TiO2 were prepared by a sol-gel method. The photocatalytic decomposition rate of toluene under visible light was expected to increase by doping sulfur and codoping sulfur-zinc. To analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of photocatalysts we used TGA, XRD, SEM, EDS, Mapping, TEM, UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, XPS and ICP-MS, respectively. Therefore, we can know the crystalline phase, particle size, absorbance spectrum, band gap, and chemical bonding, which will help us to understand the decomposition rate of toluene.
The results of XRD, SEM and TEM of the photocatalysts show that codoped S and Zn can reduce the crystalline size and all photocatalysts are anatase phase structure. The XPS results of codoped S and Zn photocatalyst. Show that Ti exists as Ti4+, O as O2-, S as S6+, Zn as Zn2+ on the surface crystal lattices. The activity of photocatalysts was determinated by the measurement of toluene degradation under visible light. According to the results of activity test, S5Zn0.01/TiO2 photocatalyst with choser for further studies. With the operation parameter tests, the results show that the lower toluene concentration and relative humidity could increase toluene conversion. However, lower temperature and retention time would reduce conversion. By fitting with a Langmuir-Hinshelwood model 4, the result shows that Kw is larger than KA, and it also displays that adsorption ability of H2O is large than toluene. The r rises as the temperature growing. The photocatalytic active energy is 78.10 kJ/mol. In S5Zn0.01/TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of toluene under visible light process, the reaction intermediates and products were detected in the gas phase and on the photocatalyst surface, intermediates as benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, acetone, butadiene and acetic acid by FT-IR, products as CO2 and H2O by FT-IR.

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