背景:青少年睡眠問題與抽菸、喝酒相關性的過去研究，未考慮睡眠的選擇性與動態性所造成的研究偏誤並加以控制。
目的:使用處理機率倒數加權法分析長期追蹤資料，藉以了解不健康睡眠對抽菸、喝酒的長期影響。
方法:以「臺灣青少年成長歷程研究」自填問卷資料進行分析，共1,678位納入分析。以第一波為研究起始點，自變項為長期累積(第二、三、六、八、九波)的不健康睡眠波數，依變項為21歲(第九波)時每週抽菸包數及每月喝酒次數，以處理機率倒數加權法不穩定權重、穩定權重及控制另兩種睡眠變項作為共變項之穩定權重，將權值代入邊際結構模型分析。另使用傳統線性迴歸統計，控制研究初始時的干擾因子(含另兩種睡眠共變項)，分析其相關。
結果:以處理機率倒數加權法的三種模式進行分析顯示，睡眠困擾累積波數與21歲時每週抽菸包數呈正相關；社會性時差累積波數越多，21歲時每週抽菸包數及每月喝酒次數亦越多且與社會性時差的差距數呈正相關。累積睡眠不足波數增加，僅部分模型顯示將減少21歲每週抽菸包數時及增加每月喝酒次數，並無一致性的顯著相關。
結論:青少年時期社會性時差累積波數與成人時抽菸及喝酒頻率呈正相關，睡眠困擾累積波數則與抽菸頻率呈現正相關。

In past studies, there were bias caused by the selective and dynamic of sleep problems have not been considered, so we could not truly understand the long-term effects of sleep on smoking and drinking. We tried to use inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) to know the true effects. We included a total of 1678 adolescents and collected unhealthy sleep practice in waves 2, 3, 6, 8 and 9, and the frequency of tobacco and alcohol use in waves 9. After using unstabilized and stabilized IPTW and controlling for time invariant covariates and time-varying covariates, we estimated the relationships between accumulated waves of unhealthy sleep practices and frequency of smoking and drinking in Wave 9 (about 21 years old). We found that accumulated waves of social jetlag, increased the packs of tobacco use per week and times of alcohol use per month, accumulated waves of sleep disturbance increased the packs of tobacco use per week in age 21. There were no significant and consistent long-term-effects of insufficient sleep on smoking and drinking. Also, the greater social jetlag, the more frequency of tobacco and alcohol use. In conclusion, Accumulated social jetlag in adolescence is associated with increasing tobacco and alcohol use, and sleep disturbance is only associated with increasing tobacco use in adulthood.

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