濾毒罐/匣(Canister/Cartridge)是淨氣式呼吸防護具(Air Purifying Respirator, APR)中，用於濾除氣狀有害物的濾材之一。濾毒罐/匣之防護是否適當且有效，除仰賴於濾毒罐/匣之正確選用外，也需其達到可使用時間(Service Time)前即時更換。本研究首先以問卷調查臺灣25家事業單位呼吸防護計畫的執行情況與呼吸防護具管理狀況。再參考各國更換規範、文獻搜尋，並結合事業單位的暴露評估資料和製造商提供訊息，建立一套「濾毒罐/匣可使用時間推估技術」，最後將上述技術應用於18家化工廠，以評估其於實務面執行之可行性。研究結果顯示，事業單位大多均有落實呼吸防護計畫所要求的項目，其中呼吸防護具更換是事業單位自評執行把握程度較低的項目。除此之外，事業單位多數僅以製造商建議作為呼吸防護具的更換依據，對於經驗法則、數學模型或NIOSH Multi-Vapor™軟體的應用均不熟悉(熟悉程度<50%)。本研究比較實驗數據與經驗法則和Multi-Vapor™軟體推估值間的相關性，發現在濾毒罐/匣內部吸附劑資訊充足之前提下，Multi-Vapor™軟體與實驗數據的相關性較高，為0.8686，但化學物質的分子量與沸點和推估結果並無一致性的關聯。本研究基於事業單位可應用之資料，與文獻搜尋具體可行性之推估方法，以事業單位規模大小(中小型企業/大型企業)與工作場所暴露化學物質情形(單一/多重)，建立一「濾毒罐/匣可使用時間推估技術」，並應用於18家化工廠，共203個相似暴露族群(Similar Exposure Group, SEG)中。研究結果表示，僅有7個SEG暴露分級屬於第二級(0.5 PEL ≦ X95 < PEL)。基於本研究推估結果之建議，推估結果可能導致SEG在當次作業完後即需進行濾毒罐/匣的替換，相較於事業單位原本的更換時間，明顯造成事業單位更換呼吸防護具的成本增加，唯事業單位呼吸防護具管理人員對於技術推估結果表示是認可的，但如何說服雇主提高呼吸防護具更換成本仍有待克服。前述結果可知本研究所建立之濾毒罐/匣可使用時間推估技術，可以協助事業單位在有限的資料下，做為計算濾毒罐/匣可使用時間的參考依據，進而達到落實呼吸防護具管理之目的。

The purpose of this study is to establish a canister/cartridge service time estimation technique, in ordor to solve the confusion of industries when replacing canister/cartridge. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the implementation of respiratory protection programs in 25 workplaces in Taiwan. Then, a canister/cartridge service time estimation technique was established by international replacement standards, literature reviews, exposure assessment data from industry, and manufacturer’s information. In the end, the above technique was applied to 18 chemical industries to evaluate the feasibility in practice. This study found that the industries has less confidence in replacement of respiratory protection equipment and most industries relied solely on manufacturer’s recommendations for replacement. In addition, based on the size of the industry units (small and medium-sized / large sized) and the exposure to chemicals at the workplace (single/multiple) a respirator canister/cartridge service time techniques was established and also applied to 18 chemical factories with a total of 203 Similar Exposure Groups (SEGs). The result showed that the technique was applied with good outcome in the industries. This study can help industries to provide a reference basis for the calculation of canister/cartridge service time with limited data, thus finalizing effective respiratory protection equipment management.

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