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研究生： 張錫宏
Chang, Hsi-Hung
論文名稱： 異向性與功能材料壓電熱彈性力學之狀態空間解析模式與應用
State Space Formalism for Piezothermoelasticity of Anisotropic Bodies and Functionally Graded Materials and Its Applications
指導教授： 譚建國
Tarn, Jiann-Quo
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年： 2007
畢業學年度： 95
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 151
中文關鍵詞： 狀態空間架構 、端點效應 、有效長度 、聖維南原理 、扭轉 、拉伸 、彎曲 、熱彈性波 、微擾法 、變分方程 、哈密頓 、拉格朗日 、功能性材料 、複合層板 、熱延遲 、壓電熱彈性力學
外文關鍵詞： State space formalism, Saint-Venant's principle, Torsion, End effects, Effective length, Extension, Bending, Thermoelastic waves, Perturbation, Variational formulation, Hamiltonian, Functionally graded materials, Lagrangian, Thermal relaxation, Composite laminates, Piezothermoelasticity
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    • 本文發展異向性材料與功能材料之狀態空間數學模式，以解析壓電彈性力學與廣義熱彈性力學等相關問題。此數學架構以位移向量和應力向量為基本變量，將基本方程式表示為簡單之矩陣形式，保留了原方程式的特性。依此推得之狀態方程式與輸出方程式，數學結構簡潔優美，得以運用許多不適用於傳統模式的數學方法解析問題，各物理問題數學模式之間有明顯的對應性和類比性。文中亦利用變分原理推導出狀態方程式與輸出方程式，藉此，可進一步瞭解此狀態空間架構之數學性質。本文並應用狀態空間模式探討若干直角座標系與圓柱座標系下之物理問題，包括複合材料層板應力分析，異向性材料熱彈性力學反應，壓電材料圓柱體之廣義平面問題，壓電材料試體之有效長度，彈性波在功能材料中之傳播特性等，盡可能地求得各問題的確解。研究顯示狀態空間數學模式能有效處理異向性材料與功能材料之壓電熱彈性力學問題。

    A state space formalism for piezothermoelasticity and generalized thermoelasticity of anisotropic materials and functionally graded materials is developed. By taking the displacement vector and the stress vectors as the fundamental field variables, the basic equations for the problems can be expressed in a concise matrix form which retains the characteristics of the original field equations without recourse to elimination of the unknown variables. Accordingly, the state equation and the output equation are expressed in remarkably neat yet explicit representations so that many mathematical methods which are usually not amenable to the conventional approaches are applicable to determining the analytic solution for a problem. Furthermore, correspondence and analogy among various theories appear explicitly in the state space setting. To examine further the mathematical properties of the system matrices inherent in the state space framework, the state equation and the output equation are also derived through the variational formulation. A number of problems in Cartesian coordinate and cylindrical coordinate systems, such as the stress analysis of composite laminates, the responses of anisotropic bodies in generalized thermoelasticity, the generalized plane problems of piezoelectric circular cylinders, the effective lengths of piezoelectric specimens, and the propagation behaviors of elastic waves in functionally graded materials, are studied following the state space approach. Whenever possible, we seek for the exact solutions for the problems under study. The present study shows that the state space formalism is an effective and systematic approach for problems of piezothermoelasticity of anisotropic bodies and functionally graded materials.

    Abstract (in Chinese) iv Abstract v Acknowledgments vi Table of Contents viii List of Tables xiii List of Figures xiv Nomenclature xvi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Motivation 1 1.2 Objectives and Scope 3 Part I State Space Formalism in Cartesian Coordinates and Applications 5 Chapter 2 State Space Formulation in Cartesian Coordinate System 6 2.1 Basic Equations in Matrix Form 6 2.1.1 State equation and output equation 7 2.1.2 Structures and identities of relevant matrices 9 2.2 Variational Formulation 11 2.2.1 Lagrangian formulation 11 2.2.2 Hamiltonian formulation 13 2.3 Characteristics of Hamiltonian System 16 2.3.1 Solvability conditions 17 2.3.2 Symplectic orthogonality 20 2.4 Correspondences in the State Space Setting 22 2.4.1 Correspondences among various theories 22 2.4.2 Correspondence with Stroh’s formalism 24 2.5 Summary and Concluding Remarks of Chapter 2 26 Chapter 3 Exact Stress Analysis of Composite Laminates 27 3.1 State Space Formulation 27 3.1.1 Problem statement 28 3.1.2 Laminates under extension, torsion, and bending 30 3.2 Torsion of Cross-ply Laminates and Orthotropic FGM 32 3.2.1 Exact solution for homogeneous bars 32 3.2.2 Exact solution for FGM bars 35 3.2.3 Exact solution for cross-ply laminates 37 3.3 Summary and Concluding Remarks of Chapter 3 46 3.A Proof of Zero Resultant Shear Forces over Cross-section 46 3.B Eigen Relation 47 Chapter 4 Generalized Thermoelasticity with Thermal Relaxation 49 4.1 State Space Formulation 50 4.2 Nondimensionalization 52 4.3 Perturbation with Multiple Scales 54 4.4 Plane Harmonic Waves 55 4.4.1 Strong coupling 55 4.4.2 Weak coupling 57 4.4.3 The case c0n ≈ cΘ0(á) 62 4.5 Results and Discussions 65 4.6 Summary and Concluding Remarks of Chapter 4 70 4.A Solvability Condition 72 4.B Higher-order Solutions to Eqs. (4.20) and (4.21) 73 Part II State Space Formalism in Cylindrical Coordinates and Applications 75 Chapter 5 State Space Formulation in Cylindrical Coordinate System 76 5.1 Basic Equations in Matrix Form 76 5.1.1 State equation and output equation 76 5.1.2 Structures and identities of relevant matrices 78 5.2 Variational Formulation 80 5.2.1 Lagrangian formulation 80 5.2.2 Hamiltonian formulation 82 5.3 Characteristics of Hamiltonian System 84 5.3.1 Solvability conditions 86 5.3.2 Symplectic orthogonality 89 5.4 Correspondences in the State Space Setting 91 5.5 Summary and Concluding Remarks of Chapter 5 92 Chapter 6 Generalized Plane Problems of Piezoelectric Circular Cylinders 93 6.1 State Space Formulation 94 6.2 Exact Solution for Power-Law Radial Inhomogeneity 96 6.2.1 Homogeneous solution 97 6.2.2 Particular solutions 98 6.3 Summary and Concluding Remarks of Chapter 6 100 Chapter 7 Effective Lengths of Tensile and Torsional Specimens of Piezoelectric Materials 101 7.1 State Space Formulation 102 7.2 Solution by Matrix Algebra 103 7.2.1 Characteristics of the eigensolution 104 7.2.2 Characteristic decay length 106 7.3 Results and Discussions 107 7.4 Summary and Concluding Remarks of Chapter 7 112 7.A Matrices for Orthorhombic Material of Class mm2 in Axisymmetric Problem 112 Chapter 8 Characteristics of Elastic Waves in Circular Tubes or Bars of Functionally Graded Materials 114 8.1 Two-dimensional Problems of ElasticWaves 114 8.1.1 Power series approximation 116 8.1.2 Piecewise-constant approximation 117 8.2 Results and Discussions 119 8.3 Summary and Concluding Remarks of Chapter 8 120 8.A Eigen Relation 123 Chapter 9 Conclusions and Further Research 125 9.1 Conclusions 125 9.2 Further Research 126 Bibliography 128 Appendix A Alternative Formulation in Matrix Form 134 Appendix B Displacement Field for Generalized Plane Problems 136 Appendix C Relations between the Two State Space Formulations 139 Appendix D Approximate Methods 141 D.1 Power Series Approximation 141 D.2 Piecewise Constant Approximation 145 Vita 148

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