室內養殖蝦水中高濃度硝酸氮累積可能會影響蝦體健康並造成水資源浪費與環境的負擔。傳統硝化脫硝程序應用於水產養殖循環系統難以克服養殖廢水特性，耗費大量能源與成本。因此本研究針對海水養殖廢水特性，設計水產養殖循環模型槽系統，優勢化氨氧化古菌與厭氧氨氧化菌，以部分氨氧化-厭氧氨氧化程序進行養殖廢水除氮處理，使養殖水循環再使用。首先，控制溶氧為本系統關鍵參數。因為系統的基質桶水力停留時間為兩天，高溶氧的蝦池水滯留於基質桶內時，溶氧藉由微生物被消耗掉，使進流至生物反應槽後的溶氧維持在<1 mg/L。反應槽內裝有自動監控系統，可將槽內溶氧環境控制在設定的範圍內。在兩生物反應槽中各裝填有145顆浮動式生物球，生物球中含有泡棉，使微生物得以附著生長後形成生物膜，生物膜外層直接接觸低溶氧廢水，而貧氧環境中氨氧化古菌對於氨氮的親和力較高，能與需氧較大的氨氧化細菌競爭並有效轉化氨氮，藉由氨氧化菌消耗掉氧氣後，泡棉中心更接近無氧的環境適合厭氧氨氧化菌生長，藉此透過溶氧控制及溶氧梯度設計優勢化目標菌群。另外，厭氧氨氧化菌為自營菌，可直接利用氨氮及亞硝酸並轉化為氮氣，不受養殖廢水低有機碳濃度的限制。而氨氧化古菌大量在海域環境被發現，厭氧氨氧化菌同樣有數個屬已知可適應於海水高鹽中，顯示其具有適應海水養殖廢水的能力。水產養殖循環系統連續操作五個月內，蝦池水中氨氮與亞酸酸氮濃度皆維持在0.5 mg/L以下，轉換率高達90%，硝酸氮累積速率僅為對照組蝦池的累積速率的2/3。根據即時聚合酶鏈式反應與次世代定序分析菌群的結果，槽內生物膜氨氧化古菌基因數量成長了16.4倍(A槽)與7.1倍(B槽)，顯示低溶氧氨氧化策略的成功；偵測到Scalindua相關的16S rRNA序列證明水產養殖循環系統發生厭氧氨氧化脫氮的功能。連接水產養殖循環系統之蝦池菌相與對照組菌相的差異，暗示裝設本水產養殖循環系統可能對蝦池水中的菌群結構產生影響。本研究成功應用部分氨氧化-厭氧氨氧化程序於室內白蝦養殖的水循環處理，不僅大大減少養殖廢水的產生，亦節省大量曝氣成本與藥劑成本，此低成本省能源之養殖廢水除氮循環系統有助於發展養殖綠色產業鏈。

Aquaculture water purification in indoor shrimp farms usually focuses on the nitrification process, but the resulting nitrate accumulation can affect the health of sea animals, and cause eutrophication when discharging into the environment. The conventional nitrification-denitrification process is more energy-intensive. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop the partial nitritation-anammox process for the seawater recycling aquaculture system (RAS), and to explore the performance of the nitrogen removal function and the influence of the target microorganisms in the system. In this study, a seawater recycling aquaculture pilot system was established. The shrimp pond water was introduced to the system after the sludge acclimatized with synthetic wastewater. The nitrogen removal function of these systems had been assessed through water quality, quantitation of target microorganisms, and characterization of total bacterial flora in the system. The assessment of reactor performance showed that up to 90% ammonia nitrogen and nitrite had been removed. The system also maintained more stable ammonia nitrogen and nitrite concentration in shrimp ponds compared to the control group. The accumulation rate of nitrate was lower, as compared to the control group, and even a decrease in nitrate concentration has been observed. The results of quantitatibe PCR showed that the amount of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in the system sludge increased while the amount of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria decreased. Candidatus Scalindua-related 16S rRNA sequences were detected by high-through amplicon sequencing demonstrating the potential of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process. The differences of bacterial flora between the shrimp pond connected with RAS and the control shrimp pond suggested that the connection of this RAS system may change the bacterial community structure in the shrimp pond.

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