豪雨洪水會引起沖刷破壞、浸水及泥砂淤積淹埋等而造成生命財產的損失及公眾生活不便。各種防洪措施以減免洪氾淹水為主，但由莫拉克颱風引起的八八水災，可看出洪水氾濫導致的局部沖刷及大面積泥砂淤埋，造成的可計與不可計損失甚於積水浸淹。因此需要預測會發生沖刷淤積的位置及規模，以研擬因應措施。
本研究之目的為發展可預測洪水氾濫於沖積平原時之沖刷淤積位置及規模的方法。因洪水在沖積平原之沖刷與淤積受地形、地貌、地物之影響，故應用擬似二維之地文性土壤沖淤模式進行模擬分析，並以淡水河流域（不含石門水庫及翡翠水庫集水區）為研究對象。
分析模擬結果，顯示地文性土壤沖淤模式可良好的模擬淡水河集水區之洪水與懸浮載輸運現象。而比較主要淹水及沖淤潛勢圖，顯示地面水流挾帶之泥砂為淤積之主要來源。
由坡地及相鄰平原、河道之沖淤模擬結果可看出坡面土壤沖蝕及局部性沖刷現象是相鄰平原土地、河道淤積之來源，導入滯洪池可減少浸淹的淤積現象。演算之淤積潛勢可作為河道、滯洪及蓄洪設施的清淤及疏浚工程之參考，並導入在未來滯洪及蓄洪設施規劃上，可減少浸淹的淤積現象。

Deluge and flood cause erosion, destruction, inundation, deposition of sand and earth, which might lead to death, property losses, and inconvenience of life of the public. Purpose of various blood prevention measures aim at reducing flood and inundation, but the Flood of August 8th, 2009 caused by Typhoon Morakot still led to local erosion and large area of sand and earth deposition by the flood, which caused countable and uncountable losses exceeding such caused by the drowning. Therefore, prediction of location and scale of such erosion and deposition of sand and earth is necessary for formulation of counter measures.
This study aims to develop a method to predict location and scale of erosion and deposition of the flood plain which would possibly be inundated when a flood occurs. As the erosion and deposition of the flood plain are affected by landform, topography, and terrain, so Physiographic Soil Erosion-Drainage Model was employed in this study to simulate and analyze, where Tamshui-River were research objects exclusive of catchment areas of Shihmen Reservoir and Feitsui Reservoir.
Analysis of simulation results shows that Physiographic Soil Erosion-Drainage Model effectively simulated the flood and transportation of suspended load in the catchment areas of Tamshui-River. In comparing main potential inundation maps and erosion and deposition, the primary source of deposition is to be sand and earth carried by surface flow over ground.
The simulation result of erosion and deposition of slop areas, its adjacent plains, and river channel show that soil erosion of slop areas and local erosion and deposition are the major sources of deposition for the adjacent lands and river channel. Such deposition could be reduced by leading them into retaining ponds. The potential of deposition calculated may be used for desilting and dredging engineering of river channels and facilities for retaining effect and storage basin. It can also be adopted for future planning of flood retaining and storage facilities to reduce inundation and deposition.

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