| 研究生: |
洪振耀 Yao, Hung-Chen |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
探討房車儀表板設計對駕駛者易視性與心智負荷之影響 The Influence on Driver’s Visibility and Mental Workload of Passenger Car’s Dashboard Design |
| 指導教授: |
張育銘
Chang, Yu-ming |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
規劃與設計學院 - 工業設計學系 Department of Industrial Design |
| 論文出版年: | 2010 |
| 畢業學年度: | 98 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 319 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 易視性 、汽車儀表板 、心智負荷 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Visibility, Dashboard, Mental Workload |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:90 下載:7 |
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中文摘要
駕駛過程中是一種複雜的動態作業,駕駛者必須在短暫的時間內迅速的讀取儀表板資訊,經理解之後立即做出反應。設計不佳的儀表板顯示介面,在駕駛過程中容易因儀表板易視性不佳而增加駕駛者視覺搜尋時間與心智資源,增加行車中的危險,因此儀表板設計是汽車安全設計重要的一環。
本研究蒐集市面現有指針及數位儀表板樣本,挑選出受測者重視的造形特徵元素,經實驗計畫法組合配置出不同造形儀表板實驗樣本。藉由儀表板易視性與滿意度評價實驗挑選出最佳實驗樣本做為之後模擬駕駛實驗中儀表板實驗樣本。透過Vision Station虛擬實境平台投影模擬出道路駕駛環境,實驗中給予受測者在駕駛行進期間時最常觀看儀表板資訊的四種駕駛任務,藉由實驗Flash播放界面記錄受測者對於四種駕駛任務的反應時間,實驗同時使用腦波量測儀同步紀錄受測者大腦視覺皮質區α波與β波生理訊號的變化。
本研究實驗結果歸納為下列幾點:
1. 受測者對於指針儀表板駕駛任務中『時速表任務』與『油量表任務』,反應時間較快;數位儀表板中以『時速表任務』與『轉速表任務』反應時間較快。
2. 儀表板造形特徵組合樣本中易視性越佳的儀表板受測者駕駛任務反應時間也越短,大腦視覺皮質區腦波α波功率強度受到抑制的程度較低;β波功率強度增強幅度腦波數值較小。
3. 受測者在評價儀表板『易視性』的分數會影響其『整體滿意度』評價分數
的高低,『易視性』評價越高,『整體滿意度』的評價分數也較高。
4. 實驗結果發現指針及數位儀表板易視性較佳且較不容易提高心智負荷之造形特徵與資訊配置型式為:
(1) 三圈強調式配置為指針儀表板,指針儀表板中時速表為最大儀表顯示資訊置放於儀表板中間位置,轉速表縮小配置於左側,水溫表與油量表則縮小配置於右側於同一個儀表圈內。
(2) 混合式刻度動畫配置型式之數位儀表板時速表以電子數位字體顯示配置於儀表板中間位置。引擎轉速表使用圓盤式刻度動畫顯示方式,配置於儀表板左側。水溫表與油量表採用直式刻度動畫顯示方式擺放於儀表板右側。
5. 實驗中發現靜態滿意度評價較高的實驗樣本,並不一定在模擬駕駛實驗中反應較佳。因此可以得知駕駛者對於汽車儀表板滿意度評價與實際操作過後的評價結果是會有所差異的。
實驗結果將提供設計師在指針及數位儀表板造形特徵的選擇與儀表資訊配置能夠兼顧視覺美感與行車安全的考量之重要參考依據。
關鍵字:易視性、汽車儀表板、心智負荷
Abstract
Driving process is a complex dynamic operation. The driver must be fast in a short period of time to read the dashboard of information, through the understanding of response immediately after. Poorly designed dashboard display interface, while driving the process vulnerable to the dashboard easily increased depending on the driver of poor visual search time and mental resources to increase the traffic of the danger and so the car dashboard design is an important part of security design.
This study collected the existing market analog and digital dashboard sample, selected by measuring the form features of those who attach importance to elements uses experiments method combination different form features of test samples. Through visibility and satisfaction evaluation of experiment,choose best samples after for the road Driving Simulator test samples. Through Vision Station the virtual reality platform simulate a real driving environment ,the experiment will give the driving road test during the period in the dashboard of information most often watched the four driving tasks, By experimental user interface we record response time of subject in four different type of driving missions through operation interface ,Experiments at the same time we used Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of human physiological measurement instrument by measuring The brain's visual cortex α and β waves changes in physiological signals.
The results of this study summarized as the following points:
1. Subjects were driving task for the analog dashboard of "speed meter task" and "oil meter task" a faster reaction time; digital dashboard to "speed meter task" and "tachometer task" a faster reaction time.
Form features of combination of the dashboard samples, visibility dashboard of the better, Subjects were shorter response time.the Visual Association Area EEG α wave power intensity by the relatively low degree of inhibition;β wave power intensity increased rate of EEG values smaller.
2. Subjects evaluation of the dashboard visibility scores affect the level of satisfaction evaluation scores,visibility evaluation of higher, satisfaction evaluation rating score is higher.
3. The results indicate as follows the analog and digital dashboard form features and dashboard layout type of better of visibility, as is not easy to overload the mental workload.
(1) The three meters cluster emphasis speed meter dashboard layout.Analog dashboard speed meter as the largest meter scale dimension placed in middle of the dashboard, tacho meter narrow the size placed on the left side,oil mater and temperature meter scale placed in the same meter on the dashboard right side .
(2)The hybrid scale animation layout digital dashboard, speed meter to electronic digital font display placed in the middle of the dashboard. Tacho meter display using the circular form scale animation , placed on the dashboard left side. The oil and temperature display using vertical scale animated meter,placed on the dashboard right side.
4. Experiment found that the static satisfaction evaluation experiments better samples, not the same as driving simulator experiment. Driver satisfaction evaluation results the actual operation will be different.
The experimental results will be provided the designer analog and digital dashboard form features and dashboard layout,visual aesthetics and traffic safety considerations of important reference materials
Key Word: Visibility、Dashboard、Mental Workload
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