注意力缺陷過動症孩童(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD)其注意力上的缺陷，容易造成ADHD孩童在日常生活上許多的行為問題。而近期有研究也提出ADHD孩童可能有感覺處理問題，但過去較少探討兩者與行為問題的相關。本研究主要目的是探討瞭解孩童其注意力缺陷與感覺處理障礙對於日常生活行為問題之影響。
研究共招募ADHD (n=21)與典型發展(Typical development, TD) (n=20)孩童。所有孩童均進行兩項注意力測驗，同時請家長填寫感覺與行為問卷，以瞭解孩童感覺處理與日常生活行為表現。資料收集後以逐步回歸分析，找出ADHD行為問題之影響因子。
本研究結果ADHD組孩童之注意力在標準延遲測驗效益比(p= .006)、分配性注意力(p=.002) 顯著較差，顯示ADHD孩童相較於一般孩童有注意力的缺損，特別是在自我控制能力、分配性注意力等注意力分向度上。在感覺處理模式中，低登錄量(p= .004)、感覺敏感(p= .001)、尋求感覺刺激(p < .001)、逃避感覺刺激(p < .001)均顯著較TD組低，顯示ADHD孩童有較差的感覺處理功能。在行為表現上，ADHD組有顯著較嚴重的外化問題(p < .001)，其中尋求感覺刺激對行為問題的過動/衝動有顯著的影響，解釋變量達48.7%以上；內化問題主要與逃避感覺刺激有關(解釋變量達45.8%)。建議對ADHD孩童的感覺處理應深入了解，並應於感覺介入後了解對行為之影響。

Previous studies showed that the behavior problems of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) were associated with attention deficit and sensory processing problems. This study investigated the relationship between attention, sensory processing and behaviors. Participants recruited were 21 children with ADHD and 20 children with typical development (TD group). All children were administered with attention tests, with sensory process and daily behavior data gathered from parents. Results showed that ADHD group had lower score in attention tests, particularly in efficiency ratio of Delay Task (p= .006) and Selective Attention (p=.002), indicating poor ability in inhibition control and divided attention in ADHD. Besides, ADHD group had more sensory processing problems than TD in terms of Poor Registration (p= .004), Sensitivity to Stimuli (p= .001), Sensation Seeking (p < .001) and Sensation Avoiding (p < .001). The results also showed that ADHD group had more external behavior problems (p < .001). Moreover, Sensation Seeking predicted hyperactivity/ impulsivity and Sensation Avoiding was the predictor of internal behavior problems in ADHD. The results supported the role of sensory processing for the behavior problems of ADHD children, and more studies for the connection are recommended.

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