生質尼龍是一種具有發展潛力的環保再生材料。近幾年利用微生物發酵法生產生質尼龍以取代傳統石化製程得到了廣泛的關注，因其性質與傳統化學合成之尼龍相似，且具有生物分解及生物相容等特性，能適用於醫療材料中。本研究探討一連續的綠色生物製程，從戊二胺生產到奈米纖維的製作與改質，開發出具有抗菌能力的奈米纖維膜。
首先，以0.05 mg/mL ~0.2 mg/mL NTG 化學誘變法使谷胺酸桿菌生產高濃度的賴胺酸，其菌株存活率大於 50 %，挑選平板上周圍有紅色變化的誘變菌株分別於 LB及 M9Y 培養基進行培養，結果顯示相較於野生種菌株，誘變菌株的生長皆較差，在加入 5 g/L Yeast extract 的 LB 培養基，發現誘變菌株可以生產0.5 g/L 及0.6 g/L 賴胺酸，高於野生種菌株的賴胺酸濃度，然而在 M9Y 培養基中，誘變菌株以酪胺酸為主要產物，賴胺酸則為次級產物。
選用高拷貝單質體系統於大腸桿菌 BL21(DE3) 表達賴胺酸脫羧酶 (LdcC)，通過全細胞催化賴胺酸生產戊二胺，發現 LdcC 的最佳酶活反應條件為 pH 5，利用1 M 賴胺酸為底物反應 6 小時後可轉化生成92 g/L 戊二胺，轉化率可達 90 %，利用丁酮為萃取溶劑再經由蒸餾可得到純度為 95 % 的戊二胺。
將純化的戊二胺與二元酸合成尼龍鹽前體，此生物製程取得的尼龍鹽56 及尼龍鹽512 均有耐熱性及熱穩定性。進一步以固態溶熔聚合法合成尼龍56 及尼龍512，由示差掃描熱分析儀 (DSC) 及熱重分析 (TGA) 分析其熔點分別為 250 oC 及 206 oC、結晶點分別為 220 oC 及 186 oC、降解溫度分別為 421 oC 及 469 oC。最後通過電紡絲裝置製備尼龍奈米纖維，在電子顯微鏡觀察下 (SEM)，尼龍56 及尼龍512 直徑分別為 95.1 nm 及 104 nm。藉由 Reactive Red 141 染劑與纖維駐色，引入亞硫酸根離子鍵提升抗菌劑 PHMB 的固定效率，其抗菌纖維對於大腸桿菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 及假單孢菌 Pseudomonas putida 有良好的抗菌特性。不同改質條件下，以海藻酸鈉改質的膜片中，海藻酸鈉吸附量為 5.56 g/g，PHMB 吸附量為 0.1 g/g，對於大腸桿菌與假單孢菌的抗菌率分別為 96.7 % 及 100 %。本實驗完成了綠色生物製程的尼龍纖維膜製備，對於尼龍的改質及抗菌等特性仍需深入研究，以提升其應用價值。

The continuous development of biomaterial polyamide 56 (PA56) and 512 (PA512) nanofiber membranes via electrospinning is synthesized by a green bioprocess in this study. At first, cadaverine was bioconversion from lysine through lysine decarboxylase (LdcC) in E. coli. The LdcC can achieve nearly 90% conversion to produce 92 g/L cadaverine from 1 M lysine and showed enzyme activity with wide pH range. Then bio-polyamide 56 (i.e, PA56) and bio-polyamide 512 (i.e, PA512) were polymerized from cadaverine with adipic acid. The bio-nylon 56 and 512 was further synthesized via melt polymerization. The melting point and crystallization point for PA56 were 250oC and 220oC, which were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For PA512, the melting point and crystallization point were 206oC and 186oC, respectively.
Whereas the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analyzes for degradation temperature were 421°C and 469oC for PA56 and PA512, respectively. Afterwards, PA56 and PA512 nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) acted as a supporting layer and further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Reactive Red 141 was directly reacted with amino group of PA56 and PA512 to form dyed membranes (P-Dye) and enhanced poly-(hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB) grafting on PAM and achieved PHMB modified membranes (P-Dye-PHMB). The modified membranes were examined for the antibacterial activity against pathogens which showed the excellent activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida for PA56 nanofiber membrane, but no antibacterial effect for PA512 nanofiber membrane. The results indicate that P-Dye-PHMB is a potential material for biomedical applications and functional textiles.

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