自來水中的臭味問題在南台灣地區存在已久，常被民眾抱怨的臭味有氯味、魚腥味及土霉味，其中前兩者可分別藉由調整加氯劑量和氧化劑的使用得到良好的控制，但傳統處理程序卻難以有效去除土霉味，先前的研究發現粉狀活性碳(powdered activated carbon, PAC)可有效控制土霉味物質2-MIB，同時也成功的以一組動力吸附實驗配合均勻表面擴散模式(homogeneous surface diffusion model, HSDM)模擬及預測PAC對2-MIB之吸附動力。由於兩種土霉味物質2-MIB與Geosmin常同時存在，因此本研究探討應用HSDM模擬與預測PAC同時吸附此兩種物質之適用性。此另一方面，國內淨水廠大多有前加氯程序，因此本研究也探討氯與有機物間的作用對於活性碳吸附土霉味物質的影響。

研究中顯示HSDM模式能合理模擬PAC對2-MIB及Geosmin之吸附動力研究結果，最佳化之參數，並能預測不同土霉味物質濃度及不同PAC添加劑量下之動力實驗結果，同時模式預測結果也能合理的推估瓶杯試驗與實廠流程對2-MIB與Geosmin之去除效果。

在活性碳吸附兩種土霉味物質受氯影響部份，不論是加氯原水或預先加氯再除氯的原水，活性碳吸附2-MIB與Geosmin的能力均降低，且隨預氯時間增長而去除率降低。

鳳山原水分子量分離結果顯示，其有機質組成集中在分子量<1000部分，經加氯後有部分的有機物有略為增加的趨勢，顯示氯會將部份較大的有機物鍵結打斷，形成之小分子有機物會與臭味物質競爭吸附位置，造成吸附量降低。另一方面，傅利葉紅外線光譜分析結果也顯示，氯會使水中有機物親水性增加，但主要在分子量小於1000的部分，這種親水性增加的結果會使小分子有機物對活性碳的競爭降低。惟由加氯原水吸附反應結果顯示，此部分效應，不若大分子變成小分子有機物效應顯著，因此造成活性碳附量降低。

Odor problem has been present in the drinking water in South Taiwan for a long time. Fishy, chlorious and musty/earthy odors are major odor groups that are usually complained. Among the three odor groups, chlorious odor may be controlled by regulating the dosage of chlorine, and fishy odor can be removed by chemical oxidation. However, it is difficult to remove musty/earthy odor by conventional treatment processes. Previous studies suggested that powdered activated carbon (PAC) can effectively remove the typical musty odorant 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) from drinking water sources. Incorporating with an appropriate kinetic model only one kinetic experiment is needed for the prediction of PAC doses. However, two musty/earthy compounds, 2-MIB and geosmin, are usually present in the source water at the same time. Therefore, the suitability of applying the HSDM model to simulate and predict the adsorption of 2-MIB and geosmin onto PAC were studied. As most water treatment plants in Taiwan use pre-chlorination processes for the oxidation of ammonia, and the effect of chlorine on the adsorption of 2-MIB and geosmin to PAC is also investigated.

The experimental results indicated that the homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) is able to predict the adsorption kinetic curves at different odorant concentrations under different PAC dosages. In addition, the models is able to predict the removal efficiency of 2-MIB and Geosmin obtained from both jar tests and the experimental results from a full scale water treatment plant, Feng-Shan Waterworks (FSW).

The adsorption capacity of 2-MIB and Geosmin on the PAC decreased in either chlorinated natural water or dechlorinated ”chlorinated natural water”. And the longer time that the natural water chlorinated, the lower adsorption capacity is for 2-MIB and Geosmin on PAC.

A separation and following experiments of natural organic matter (NOM) to three molecular ranges, <1000, <5000, and <10,000, in FSW raw water were conducted. Most of the NOM in FSW water are less than 1000 Dalton. After chlorination, the molecular weight distribution changed slightly for FSW water. An increase of small molecule NOM was observed due to the breakdown of larger molecules. The small molecules may compete with the odorants for the adsorption sites on PAC. The FTIR analysis showed that chlorination may increase the hydrophility of the NOM, mainly at molecular weight <1000. This change may decrease the adsorption capacity of NOM on the PAC. Although both the change of NOM hydrophility and NOM size distribution may influence the PAC adsorption capacity of odorants, our adsorption experiments of PAC in the prechlorinated water suggested that the effect of NOM size reduction is more substantial.

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