簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表
研究生： 汪安琪
WANG, ANQI
論文名稱： 探討療癒玩具視觸覺感官三維空間建構與設計方向
Exploring the three-dimensional spatial construction and design direction of the visual and tactile senses in therapeutic toys
指導教授： 何俊亨
Ho, Chun Heng
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 規劃與設計學院 - 工業設計學系
Department of Industrial Design
論文出版年： 2026
畢業學年度： 114
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 123
中文關鍵詞： 療癒玩具 、視觸覺特質 、數量化三類 、集群分析 、感官體驗
外文關鍵詞： Therapeutic toys, visual–tactile attributes, Quantification Theory Type III, cluster analysis, sensory experience
相關次數： 點閱：12  下載：0 
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

    • 近年來，療癒玩具逐漸成為情緒調節與壓力紓解的重要媒介，其療癒效果多來自視覺、觸覺與操作行為等多重感官經驗的整合。然而，相關研究多著重單一感官或設計要素，較少從整體感知結構進行系統性分析。基於此，本研究旨在建構療癒玩具之視觸覺感知結構，並探討不同特質組合所形成之療癒類型。
    本研究以 91件療癒玩具樣本為研究對象，透過專家焦點團體訪談與 KJ 法，蒐集並歸納視覺、觸覺與操作行為相關語意，整理出 37 項代表性視觸覺特質。進一步運用數量化三類分析（Quantification Theory Type Ⅲ），萃取三個主要感知構面，並以集群分析將樣本區分為四類療癒玩具設計類型，最後透過判別分析驗證分類結果之一致性。
    研究結果顯示，療癒玩具之視觸感官體驗可被理解為由「材質回應構面：柔軟可塑－結構堅實」、「溫度呈現構面：溫柔呈現－冷感呈現」與「操作行為的動態釋放與情緒沉澱」所構成之三維感知空間。四類療癒玩具呈現出不同的視觸感官組合與情緒調節取向，涵蓋感官釋放、機械規律、秩序沉澱與情感陪伴等療癒模式。研究成果可作為療癒玩具視觸感官設計與情緒導向設計之參考基礎。

    In recent years, therapeutic toys have increasingly become important media for emotional regulation and stress relief. Their therapeutic effects are largely derived from the integration of multiple sensory experiences, including visual appearance, tactile qualities, and interaction behaviors. However, existing studies have predominantly focused on individual sensory modalities or isolated design elements, with relatively limited attention to a systematic analysis of holistic perceptual structures. In response, this study aims to construct a visual–tactile perceptual structure of therapeutic toys and to explore therapeutic typologies formed through different combinations of sensory attributes.
    A total of 91 therapeutic toy samples were examined in this study. Through expert focus group interviews and the KJ method, semantic descriptors related to visual features, tactile qualities, and interaction behaviors were collected and synthesized, resulting in 37 representative visual–tactile attributes. Quantification Theory Type III (QT-III) was then applied to extract three principal perceptual dimensions. Cluster analysis was subsequently employed to classify the samples into four therapeutic toy design types, and discriminant analysis was conducted to verify the consistency and stability of the classification results.
    The findings indicate that the visual–tactile sensory experience of therapeutic toys can be understood as a three-dimensional perceptual space composed of: (1) a material response dimension, ranging from soft and malleable to structurally rigid; (2) a presentation temperature dimension, ranging from warm and gentle to cool and sensory-stimulating; and (3) a behavioral operation dimension, spanning dynamic release to emotional sedimentation. The four therapeutic toy categories demonstrate distinct combinations of visual and tactile attributes and corresponding emotional regulation tendencies, encompassing therapeutic modes such as sensory release, mechanical rhythm, cognitive order and stabilization, and emotional companionship. The results of this study provide a foundational reference for visual–tactile sensory design and emotion-oriented design strategies in the development of therapeutic toys.

    摘要 ii SUMMARY iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv TABLE OF CONTENTS v LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES ix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Background and Motivation 1 1.2 Research Objectives 5 1.3 Research Scope and Limitations 5 1.4 Research Framework 6 CHAPTER 2 CITATION AND REFERENCE 8 2.1 The Rise of the Experience Economy and Emotional Consumption 8 2.1.1 The Consumption Environment in the Experience Economy Era 9 2.1.2 Consumer Demand in the Experience Economy Era 9 2.2 Emotional Needs and Emotional Design Basis of Products 10 2.2.1 The concept of emotional needs in products 10 2.2.2 Emotional Needs and Psychological State Regulation 11 2.2.3 The Role of Emotional Needs in Healing Products 11 2.3 Sensory Experience and Visual-Tactile Characteristics 12 2.3.1 Visual Perception and Appearance 14 2.3.2 Tactile perception and material 16 2.3.3 Visual-tactile integration and behavior 19 2.4 Therapeutic Toys 21 2.4.1 Definition of Therapeutic Toys 21 2.4.2 Grouping of Therapeutic Toys and Past Research 23 2.4.3 Research on the Past Characteristics of Healing Toys 25 2.5 Experimental Methods 26 2.5.1 Focus Group Interview Method 26 2.5.2 KJ Method 27 2.5.3 Quantification Theory Type III 28 CHAPTER 3 Research Methods and Procedures 30 3.1 Experimental Methods 30 3.1.1 Collection of images and text about therapeutic toys 30 3.1.2 Therapeutic toys, KJ therapy, and focus group interviews 30 3.2 Quantitative Clustering of Visual-Tactile Attributes 32 3.3 Data Analysis and Statistical Methods 34 CHAPTER 4 Research Results and Analysis 36 4.1 Qualitative Classification of the Visual and Tactile Characteristics of Therapeutic Toys 36 4.1.1 Collection of textual and visual information on therapeutic toys 36 4.1.2 KJ method and expert focus group interviews 37 4.2 Quantitative Segmentation of Therapeutic Toys 49 4.3 Research and Validation of Parallel Quality Classification 61 4.3.1 Cluster Analysis 61 4.3.2 Overall Analysis and Cluster Interpretation of Trait Coordinate Distribution Map 64 4.3.3 Linear discriminant analysis verification 74 CHAPTER 5 Research Results and Discussion 78 5.1 A Holistic Discussion of the Three-Dimensional Structure of Healing Toys and Their Visual and Tactile Characteristics 78 5.1.1 KJ Discussion of 37 Visual and Tactile Attributes 78 5.1.2 Discussion on the perceptual implications of quantifying three types and three surfaces 81 5.1.3 Characteristics and Differences of the Four Design Clusters of Therapeutic Toys 82 5.2 Discussion on Quantitative Three-Category Three-Axis and PAD Sentiment Model 86 5.2.1 Correspondence between Dominance and the First Axis 88 5.2.2 Correspondence between Pleasure Level and the Second Axis 89 5.2.3 Correspondence between arousal level and the third axis 90 5.2.4 Quantification of Three-Category Three-Axis and PAD Sentiment Model (Section) 90 5.3 The Correspondence Between Four Groups of Healing Toys and the PAD Emotional Model 91 Fluid Elasticity and Tactile Release Group—Low Dominance and Sensory Stimulation 91 5.3.1 Mechanical Feedback and Rhythmic Manipulation Groups—High Dominance and Psychological Control 92 5.3.2 Sensory Depression and Psychological Adjustment Group—Low Arousal and Calm Guidance 92 5.3.3 Gentle Companionship and Emotional Comfort Group—High Pleasure and Emotional Security 93 CHAPTER 6 Research Results and Recommendations 94 6.1 Research and Discussion 94 6.2 Research Contributions and Design Recommendations 95 6.3 Future Research Directions 96 REFERENCES 98 Appendix A DESCRIPTION OF DEFAULT SUBHEADING SCHEME 105 A.1 Table of Therapeutic Toy Projects and Categories 105 A.2 Therapeutic Toys Samples 107 A.3 37 Visual-tactile traits triaxial coordinate data 111 A.4 91 Samples of triaxial Coordinate Data 112

    Aihara, S. (2006). Kodansha Sino-Japanese dictionary. Tokyo: Kodansha Ltd. [in Japa-nese, semantic translation]
    Arnheim, R. (1974). Art and visual perception: A psychology of the creative eye (Rev. ed.). University of California Press.
    Bar, M., & Neta, M. (2006). Humans prefer curved visual objects. Psychological Sci-ence, 17(8), 645–648. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01759.x
    Bruner, J. S. (1975). Beyond the information given: Studies in the psychology of knowing. Norton.
    Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (1994). Measuring emotion: The Self-Assessment Manikin and the semantic differential. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 25(1), 49–59.
    Buja, A., Swayne, D. F., Littman, M. L., Dean, N., Hofmann, H., & Chen, L. (2008). Data visualization with multidimensional scaling. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 17(2), 444–472.
    Chi, H.-T. (2008). Factors and effects of “Anshi” products on mood transformation (Unpublished master’s thesis). National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
    Chen, H.-J. (2008). A study on healing product design (Unpublished master’s thesis). National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
    Chang, C.-H. (1995). General psychology. Tung Hua Book Co.
    Chang, C.-H. (2003). Principles of psychology. Tung Hua Book Co., Ltd.
    Chiu, Y.-F. (2002). Principles of form. Yi Feng Tang Publishing.
    Chen, A.-J., & Lin, S.-Y. (2021). Factor analysis of healing perception in healing design. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Digital Media Design.
    Chen, Y.-T., & Chuang, M.-C. (2014). A study on the differences between visual and tactile imagery evaluation. Journal of Kansei, 2(2), 4–27.
    Chen, Y.-M. (1999). Multivariate analysis methods and applications. Wunan Books.
    Chuang, M.-C., Chen, Y.-T., & Chang, Y.-J. (2013). A study on tactile imagery of products: Using handleless cups as a case study. Journal of Kansei, 1(1), 28–45.
    Chen, X., Barnes, C. J., Childs, T. H. C., Henson, B., & Shao, F. (2020). Materials’ tactile comfort: A review of tactile comfort evaluation methods. Materials & Design, 186, 108–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108216
    Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience.
    Desmet, P. M. A. (2002). Designing emotions. Design Issues, 18(2), 23–38.
    Ernst, M. O., & Bülthoff, H. H. (2004). Merging the senses into a robust percept.
    Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
    Fang, C.-H. (2012). Factors influencing female consumers’ preferences for healing character designs: A case study of Uglydoll. Journal of Design Research, 9.
    Field, T. (2010). Touch for socioemotional and physical well-being. Developmental Review.
    Gardner, M, P. & Rook.D. W. (1988). Effect of Impulse Purchases on Constomers' Affective States, Advances in Consumer Research, 15.pp.127-130.
    Gallace, A., & Spence, C. (2010). The science of interpersonal touch: An overview. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 34(2), 246–259.
    Gallace, A., & Spence, C. (2014). In touch with the future.
    Grohmann, B., Spangenberg, E. R., & Sprott, D. E. (2007). The influence of tactile input on the evaluation of retail product offerings. Journal of Retailing, 83(2), 237–245.
    Ho, C.-H., & Chen, N.-F. (2013). A user experience case study on the sensory importance at the early stage of using a juice squeezer. Journal of Kansei, 1(1), 46–63.
    Huang, C.-S. (2001). New product design. Chuan Hwa Book Co.
    Hoshino, K. (1992). Analysis of new consumer culture: The mass-affluent society and modern baroque (retro style) (T.-C. Peng, Trans.). Yuan-Liou Publishing.
    Ho, C.-H., & Hou, K.-C. (2016). Classification and analysis of design styles of mobile device icons. Journal of Kansei, 4(1), 4–26.
    Hinckley, K., & Sinclair, M. (1999). Touch-sensing input devices. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.
    Hertenstein, M. J. (2011). The communication of emotion via touch. Annual Review of Psychology, 62, 393–417. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.121208.131605
    Harlow, H. F. (1958). The nature of love. American Psychologist, 13(12), 673–685.
    Hornecker, E., & Buur, J. (2006). Getting a grip on tangible interaction. CHI.
    In-Store (2004), "Experiential Marketing Wins Consumer Approval", In-Store, July, 6.
    Jones, A. (2003). Changes in practice at the nurse-doctor inter face. Using focus groups to explore the perceptions of first level nurses working in an acute care setting. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 12(1), 124－131.
    Jiang, L. (2007). Consumer psychology and behavior. China Renmin University Press.
    Jordan, P. W. (2000). Designing pleasurable products: An introduction to the new human factors. Taylor & Francis.
    Kleinginna, P. R., Jr., & Kleinginna, A. M. (1981). A categorized list of emotion definitions, with suggestions for a consensual definition. Motivation and Emotion, 5(4), 345–379.
    Kao, P.-C. (2002). Educational research methods—Focus group interview method. Educational Research, 103, 101–110.
    Kosslyn, S. M. (1996). Image and brain: The resolution of the imagery debate: MIT press.
    Kawakita, J. (1991). The original KJ method. Kawakita Research Institute.
    Klatzky, R. L., & Lederman, S. J. (2003). In Y. Hatwell, A. Streri, & E. Gentaz (Eds.), Touching for knowing: Cognitive psychology of haptic manual perception. John Benjamins Publishing.
    Küller, R., Mikellides, B., & Janssens, J. (2009). Color, arousal, and performance: A comparison of three experiments. Color Research and Application, 34(2), 141–152. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.20476
    Lowenfeld, V., & Brittain, W. L. (1987). Creative and mental growth (8th ed.). Macmillan.
    Lin, H.-L. (2014). A study of healing product consumption behavior from a psychological perspective (Unpublished master’s thesis). National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.
    Lan, Y.-J. (2006). A study on the design of healing toys (Unpublished master’s thesis). National Taiwan University of Arts, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
    Lee, J.-S. (2002). Vision and cognition: Visual perception and the visual motor system. Yuan-Liou Publishing.
    Lu, C.-C. (2022). The influence of flow experience on interactive healing products. Journal of Design, 27(2).
    Leder, H., Belke, B., Oeberst, A., & Augustin, D. (2004). A model of aesthetic appre-ciation and aesthetic judgments. British Journal of Psychology, 95(4), 489–508. https://doi.org/10.1348/0007126042369811
    Lederman, S. J., & Klatzky, R. L. (2009). Haptic perception.
    Lederman, S. J., & Klatzky, R. L. (1993). Extracting object properties through touch.
    Ludden、Schifferstein 、Hekkert，2009 .Visual–Tactual Incongruities in Products as Sources of …. Empirical Studies of the Arts, 27(1).
    Moggridge, B. (2007). Designing interactions.
    Mehrabian, A., & Russell, J. A. (1974). An Approach to Environmental Psychology. The MIT Press.
    Maslow, Abraham H. (1943). "A theory of human motivation". Psychological Review. 50 (4): 370–396. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.334.7586. doi:10.1037/h0054346. hdl:10983/23610. ISSN 0033-295X. OCLC 1318836. Archivedfrom the original on September 14, 2017. Re-trieved March 13, 2007 – via psychclassics.yorku.ca.
    Millar, M. G., & Tesser, A. (1986). Effects of affective and cognitive focus on the attitude–behavior relation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(2), 270–276.
    Morgan, D. L. (1998). Planning focus groups. Focus group kit 2. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
    Nittono, H. (2012). The two-layer model of “kawaii”.
    Nakatani, M., Kakehi, Y., Mihara, S., & Minamizawa, K. (2017). The wonders of touch: Exploring the unknown world of haptics through tactile games, sensory experiments, and cutting-edge research (G.-A. Liu, Trans.). Face Publishing House. (Original work published in Japanese)
    Norman, D.A. (2013). The Design of Everyday Things: Revised and Expanded Edition. Basic Books.
    Norman, D. A. (2004). Emotional design: Why we love (or hate) everyday things. Civi-tas Books.
    Ou, L.-C., Luo, M. R., Woodcock, A., & Wright, A. (2004). A study of colour emotion and colour preference. Part I: Colour emotions for single colours. Color Research and Appli-cation, 29(3), 232–240. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.20010
    Pine II, B. J. & Gilmore, J. H. (1998), "Welcome to the Experience Economy". Harvard Business Review, Vol. 4, pp. 97-105.
    Russell, J. A. (1980). A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 1161–1178. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.39.6.1161
    Rao, W.-P. (2006). A study of consumer experience of healing products (Unpublished master’s thesis). Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
    Révész, G. (1950) Psychology and art of the blind.
    Russell, J. A., & Mehrabian, A. (1977). Evidence for a three-factor theory of emotions. Journal of Research in Personality, 11(3), 273–294.
    Schmitt, B. H. (1999). Experiential marketing: How to get customers to sense, feel, think, act, relate to your company and brands. Free Press.
    Schultz, T. J., & Petersik, J. T. (1994). Scientific analysis of perception. Academic Press.
    Schifferstein, H. N. J., & Desmet, P. M. A. (2007). The effects of sensory impairments on product experience and personal well-being. Ergonomics, 50(12), 2026–2048.
    Schifferstein, H. N. J. (2006). The perceived importance of sensory modalities in product usage: A study of self-reports. Acta Psychologica, 121(1), 41–64.
    Schifferstein, H. N. J., & Hekkert, P. (2005). Capturing product experiences: A split-modality approach. Acta Psychologica, 118(3), 293–318.
    Spence, C. (2020). Senses of place: Architectural design for the multisensory mind.
    Torigoe, K., Sasaki, S., Hoshina, J., Torigoe, T., Hojo, M., Emura, S., Kojima, K., Onozuka, J., Isobe, M., & Numata, O. (2011). Predicting factors of plural hospitalization with pneumonia in low-birthweight infants. Pediatrics International, 53(4), 446–453.
    Urden, L. D. (2003). Don’t forget to ask: Using focus groups to access outcomes. Outcomes Management, 7(1), 1－3.
    Valdez, P., & Mehrabian, A. (1994). Effects of color on emotions. Journal of Experi-mental Psychology: General, 123(4), 394–409.
    Wang, M.-T. (2012). Design directions of healing toys for the elderly. Journal of Design, 17(2), 1–23.
    Wang, M.-T. (2016). From Kansei engineering to Kansei design: Fundamentals and applications of Kansei engineering research. Chuan Hwa Book Co., Ltd.
    Wang, C.-F. (2001). Hua Xing Mandarin dictionary. Hua Xing Publishing.
    Wang, M.-L. (2002). Theory and application of focus group research. Journal of Library and Information Science, 40, 29–46.
    Wolf, M. (1999), The Entertainment Economy: How MegaMmedia Forces Are: Ttrans-forming Our Lives, New York, NY: Random House.
    Xia, Z.-N. (Ed.). (1992). Cihai dictionary (Vols. 1–3). Cheng Da Printing House.
    Ye, S.-C. (2005). Key attractive elements of emotional relief doll products (Unpublished master’s thesis). National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
    Yakushiji, C., Morita, K., & Koizumi, M. (2010). Product development of a numeric keypad door lock for residential use considering Kansei value. Research Report of Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, 5, 104–105.
    Zuo, H., & Jones, M. (2007). The sensory perception of textiles: An overview. Textile Progress, 39(1), 1–67. https://doi.org/10.1533/tepr.2007.0001
    Zafarmand, S. J., Terauchi, F., & Aoki, H. (2012). Product subjective sustainability: Analysis of the Japanese users’ Kansei evolutions over their short/long-lived products’ lifetimes. In M. Matsumoto, Y. Umeda, K. Masui, & S. Fukushige (Eds.), Design for innovative value towards a sustainable society (pp. 356–361). Springer.

    QR CODE