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研究生：	林政勳 Lin, Cheng-Hsun
論文名稱：	利用層流式微生物燃料電池進行利於微生物發電的碳源篩選 Screening of carbon sources for enhancing the performance of microbial fuel cell using laminar flow based microfluidic microbial fuel cell.
指導教授：	王翔郁 Wang, Hsiang-Yu
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年：	2014
畢業學年度：	102
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	65
中文關鍵詞：	無膜式裝置、微流道、微生物燃料電池、碳源
外文關鍵詞：	membraneless, microfluidic, microbial fuel cell, carbon sources
相關次數：	點閱：99 下載：5
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隨著生質能源日益受到重視，微生物燃料電池成為替代性能源重要發展的一環，本研究透過無膜式微流體微生物燃料電池，利用其開路電壓差進行微生物的產電活性比較，並將結果與實驗室規模裝置進行對照，印證微型裝置可以應用於微生物、碳源之篩選，並可以有效預估微生物燃料電池脫離產電遲滯其所花費時間，藉此改善實驗室規模微生物燃料電池之操作條件與其效率。
無膜式微流體微生物燃料電池的組成包含：具有Y形微流體通道的矽膠片與鍍有兩片金微電極的玻璃載玻片，上述兩者透過氧電漿進行表面改質黏合形成微型微生物燃料電池裝置。透過針筒注射器於Y形微通道分別輸入陽極液和陰極液可形成層流，因此陽極和陰極不需要安裝質子交換膜即可被隔開，玻片上的微電極以電線連接到三用電表即可測量開路電壓。
微型裝置具有下列幾個優點，快速的產電分析，意味著不需要在設備中進行微生物的培養，因此陽極的性質不會影響微生物活性的評估。此外，利用微型裝置所花費的檢測時間低於一小時，將比實驗室規模微生物燃料電池快上許多。其二，不需要安裝質子交換膜，代表可以避免質子交換膜隨著時間老化而使得傳遞效果降低。而微型裝置的設計是為了盡量減少外界因素的影響，純粹以開路電壓差異反映微生物在存活狀態與去活性狀態下產電的能力。本研究在不改變陽極電解液內容物為前提下，使用UV光照射作為去除微生物活性，經實驗發現照射UV光90秒去活性效果較佳，且在樣品光學密度(O.D.)不小於0.3時，有相當良好的偵測靈敏度。
本研究將此微流體微生物燃料電池應用在檢驗不同碳源對於混合族群微生物產電的影響，其中碳源包括：葡萄糖、蔗糖、醋酸鈉和甘油。結果顯示，蔗糖適合此混合族群微生物應用於電力產生，其產電結果比其它碳源高出約40％。本研究並進一步探討結合微生物產氫系統與微生物燃料電池的可能性，因此將微生物產氫過程中的副產物：丁酸與醋酸鈉，依不同比例混合進行產電實驗。實驗結果顯示，純丁酸可能不適合微生物產電，但丁酸與乙酸之混合物仍然具有作為微生物燃料電池營養源的潛力。若以Proteus hauseri (ZMd44)作為產電微生物，則以甘油表現最佳，開路電壓為其餘碳源之2倍至4倍。為了驗證上述微流體裝置所得之結果，本研究利用實驗室規模H型微生物燃料電池進行混合族群微生物在不同碳源中的培養與發電測試，以蔗糖作為碳源之產電週期約240小時為最久、電子生成總數約76庫倫為最多。以醋酸鈉作為碳源時則產電週期約100小時為最短與電子生成總數約31庫倫皆為最小。由實驗室規模微生物燃料電池與微流體裝置所得的結果比較，可得知微流體裝置所測得的開路電壓差與Ｈ型微生物燃料電池可輸出的電子總量有高度的線性相關，因此證明此微流體裝置可應用於篩選利於微生物燃料電池發電的微生物以及碳源種類，對於未來微生物燃料電池的改進與最佳化有相當大的助益。

關鍵字：無膜式裝置、微流道、微生物燃料電池、碳源

SUMMARY
This study demonstrates the screening of carbon sources for electricity generation by the membraneless microfluidic microbial fuel cell (μMFC) and the corresponding validation in lab-scale H-type MFC. Two kinds of microorganisms are utilized in this study, one is a mixed culture microorganisms obtained from the seacoast of Taiwan and the other is Proteus hauseri (ZMd44). When the mixed culture microorganism was investigated in the μMFC, sucrose resulted in the highest ΔOCV, which was about 120 mV and other carbon sources (acetate, glucose, and glycerol) brought out 50-70 mV. However, glycerol resulted in the highest ΔOCV with ZMd44, which was about 80 mV and the other carbon sources generated ΔOCV around 20-40 mV.
After testing these carbon sources in the μMFC, they were further examined in the lab-scale MFC to validate the results from microfluidic detections. The extracted electron amounts from lab-scale MFC when the mixed culture microorganisms were fed with the above carbon sources were highly correlated (R2=0.99) with the ΔOCV from μMFC. This shows that μMFC can predict the electricity generation in a larger scale setup and has great potential in screening operating conditions for microbial fuel cells.

Keywords：membraneless, microfluidic, microbial fuel cell, carbon sources

摘要………………………………………………………………………………………I
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
誌謝………………………………………………………………………VII
目錄……………………………………………………………………………………VIII
表目錄……………………………………………………………………………………XI
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………………XII
第一章	緒論………………………………………………………………………………1
1-1 研究動機與目的………………………………………………………………1
1-2	研究架構………………………………………………………………………1
第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………………………………2
      2-1 微生物燃料電池發展及歷史…………………………………………………2
2-2 微生物燃料電池運作原理及效率……………………………………………2
      2-3 微生物燃料電池的應用與展望……………………………………7
      2-4 微型化生物燃料電池………………………………………………………9
第三章 實驗材料…………………………………………………11
      3-1 實驗材料………………………11
         3-1-1 溶液配製…………11
            3-1-1-1 標準酸鹼溶液配製………………………………………………11
            3-1-1-2 H型電池陰極電解液………………………………………12
            3-1-1-3 H型電池陽極電解液……………………………………………12
               3-1-1-3-1 產電用微生物……………………………………………12
3-1-1-3-2 微生物培養液-I……………………………………………13
3-1-1-3-3 微生物培養液-LB培養液………………………………15
3-1-1-3-4 微生物培養液之替換碳源………………………………15
         3-1-2 實驗室規模H型電池製備材料……………………………………17
            3-1-2-1 參考電極製作……………………………………………………17
            3-1-2-2 H型電池組裝…………………………………………………18
            3-1-2-3 H型電池分析……………………………………………………19
         3-1-3 微型電池製備………………………………………………………20
            3-1-3-1 黃光微影製程………………………………………………20
               3-1-3-1-1 微電極製作………………………………………………20
               3-1-3-1-2 晶圓模板 …………………………………………………23
            3-1-3-2 高分子翻模………………………………………………………25
3-1-3-3 微型電池設置…………………………………………………25
      3-2 實驗儀器………………………………………………………26
         3-2-1 溶液配製…………………………………………26
         3-2-2 實驗室規模H型電池……………………………………………27
            3-2-2-1 參考電極製作………………………………………………27
            3-2-2-2 H型電池組裝……………………………………………………28
            3-2-2-3 H型電池分析……………………………………………………28
         3-2-3微型電池製備………………………………………………………29
3-3 實驗方法……………………………………………………………………32
   3-3-1 溶液配製……………………………………………………………32
   3-3-2 實驗室規模H型電池製備. …………………………………………33
      3-3-2-1 參考電極製作…………………………………………………33
      3-3-2-2 H型電池組裝……………………………………………………34
      3-3-2-3 H型電池分析…………………………………………………35
         3-3-2-3-1 產電表現…………………………………………………35
         3-3-2-3-2 測量細胞濃度…………………………………………35
         3-3-2-3-3 陽極電解液成分……………………………………36
         3-3-2-3-4 電池陰陽極槽半電位……………………………………36
   3-3-3 微型電池製備………………………………………………………36
      3-3-3-1 黃光微影製程………………………………………………36
         3-3-3-1-1 鍍金微電極製作…………………………………………36
         3-3-3-1-2 矽晶圓模板………………………………………………38
      3-3-3-2 高分子翻模…………………………………………………39
      3-3-3-3 組裝微型電池裝置…………………………………………39
      3-3-3-4 微型電池裝置架設及儀器組裝……………………………40
         3-3-3-4-1 電解液前處理……………………………………………41
      3-3-3-5 實驗觀察………………………………………………………41
第四章 結果與討論………………………………………………………………………43
      4-1 微生物濃度對於產電的影響………………………………………………43
      4-2 UV照射對於微生物去活性之關係…………………………………………44
      4-3碳源對於混合族群微生物於微流道裝置產電的影響………………………46
      4-4 碳源對於混合族群微生物於實驗室規模裝置產電的影響………………49
      4-5 混合群微生物於微流道裝置與實驗室規模裝置之結果比較……………52
      4-6 混合群微生物產電後之陽極電解液內容物………………………………56
      4-7 碳源對於微生物Proteus hauseri (ZMd44)於微流道裝置產電的影響……59
第五章 結論………………………………………………………………………………60
      5-1 結論…………………………………………………………………………60
      5-2 未來展望……………………………………………………………………61
參考文獻………………………………………………………………………………62
                                    

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校內：2019-07-24公開
校外：2019-07-24公開

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