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研究生: 宋妮芽
Damerval, Sonja
論文名稱: 世系崩毀:馬奎斯《百年孤寂》中的性色與倒錯
The Destruction of a Line: Sexuality and Perversion in Gabriel Garcia Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude
指導教授: 林明澤
Lin, Min-Tser
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 文學院 - 外國語文學系
Department of Foreign Languages and Literature
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 88
中文關鍵詞: 《百年孤寂》亂倫禁忌性色刻板觀念性別角色拉丁美洲魔幻寫實
外文關鍵詞: One Hundred Years of Solitude, incest, taboo, sexuality, stereotypes, gender roles, Latin America, magical realism
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  • 世系崩毀:馬奎斯《百年孤寂》中的性色與倒錯

    本論文旨在檢視,加百列‧加西亞‧馬奎斯的小說《百年孤寂》中魔幻寫實的風格如何強調崩毀的主題,亦即倒錯的男女與性色關係造成毀滅。《百年孤寂》在小說世界中倍受尊崇,是因為它對於拉丁美洲的鮮明描述:這塊土地強烈對比的特色、它熾熱的性色特質、以及它展現的暴戾。檢視這部贏得諾貝爾文學獎的小說時會發現,魔幻寫實在其中展現最迷人的面向,將奇幻與寫實的情境了無痕跡地接合起來,有如一切是如此理所當然。許多評述者將這部小說看成是拉丁美洲文化的縮影,誇張在其中被當成真理一般地接納。這些誇張描述彰顯出馬奎斯融入小說中的「崩毀」主題,警示亂倫、放縱的性色與性別刻板觀念帶來的後果。在論文當中,我檢視倒錯的男女關係如何摧毀布恩迪亞家族,儘管家族成員奮力地壓制人性中的過激情欲,以及如禽獸般墮落的傾向。這一部評論者譽為拉丁美洲魔幻寫實奠基之作的小說,述說著一個受亂倫纏擾的家族的故事,以及這個家族不顧禁忌、自行其事所造成的傷害。

    關鍵字:《百年孤寂》、亂倫、禁忌、性色、刻板觀念、性別角色、拉丁美洲、魔幻寫實

    Abstract

    This thesis examines how magical realism accentuates themes of destruction due to perverted man-woman relationships and sexuality in Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude. One Hundred Years of Solitude holds a revered place in the world of fiction for its portrayal of Latin America: its stark contrasts, its searing sexuality and its violence. By examining this Nobel Prize-winning novel, Latin American magical realism is highlighted at its best, seamlessly binding the fantastic with realistic circumstances, as if nothing were out of the ordinary. Many critics see this as a portrayal of Latin American culture, where exaggerations are accepted as gospel. These exaggerations highlight destructive themes Marquez weaves into his novel, warning against incest, unrestrained sexuality, and gender stereotypes. In this thesis, I examine how perverted man-woman relationships and sexuality destroy the Buendia family, which strove for control over passion and the beastly degeneration in human nature. This novel, which critics have long praised as the cornerstone of Latin American magical realism, actually tells a story of a family obsessed with incest and the havoc wrought on a family who disregards taboo and makes their own rules.

    Keywords: One Hundred Years of Solitude, incest, taboo, sexuality, stereotypes, gender roles, Latin America, magical realism

    Chapter One: Introduction 1 Magical Realism and Cultural Perspectives in One Hundred Years of Solitude Chapter Two: 10 Incest’s Destructive Influence in One Hundred Years of Solitude Chapter Three 34 Male Sexuality’s Diverting Destruction in One Hundred Years of Solitude Chapter Four 57 Destructive Stereotypes of Female Sexuality in One Hundred Years of Solitude Chapter Five: Conclusion 81 Works Cited 86 Appendix: Genealogy 88

    Works Cited
    Deveny, John J. Jr. Marcos, Juan Manuel. "Women and Society in One Hundred Years of Solitude." The Journal of Popular Culture 22.1. (1988): 83–90.
    Ed. Bloom, Harold. Broomhall, PA: Chelsea House Publishers (1988): 37-45. Print.
    Flores, Angela. “Magical Realism in Spanish American Fiction.” Hispania. 38.2 (1955): 187-192. JSTOR.
    García Márquez Gabriel. One Hundred Years of Solitude. Trans. Gregory Rabassa. London: Pan Books, 1978. Print.
    ---. “The Solitude of Latin America: Nobel Address 1982.” Trans. Richard Cardwell. 207-211. Print.
    Gonzalez, Anibal. “Marquez’s Use of Journalistic Techniques.” Bloom’s Guides: Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude. 91-93. Print.
    Levine, Michael G. "The Subject is Taboo." MLN: 101.5. Comparative Literature 1986: 977-1002.
    Martin, Gerald. “On ‘Magical’ and Social Realism in Garcia Marquez.” Bloom’s Guides: Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude. 95-116. Print.
    Michelena, M. "Chronicle of an Incest Foretold." International Journal of Psycho-Analysis (1998):317-331.
    Monegal, Emir Rodríguez "One Hundred Years of Solitude: The Last Three Page." Books Abroad 47.3. (1973): 485-489.
    "Nobel Prize in Literature 1982 - Press Release". Nobelprize.org. 28 Jul 2012
    http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1982/press.html
    Roses, Lorraine Elena. “Images on Women in the Novel.” Bloom’s Guides: Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude. 79-81. Print.
    Simpkins, Scott. “Magical Strategies: The Supplement of Realism.” Twentieth Century Literature 34.2 (1988): 140-154. JSTOR.
    Solomon, Irvin D. “Latin American Women in Literature and Reality: García Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude.” The Midwest Quarterly 34 (1993): 192-205. Print.
    Spindler, William. “Magic Realism: A Typology.” Forum for Modern Language Studies 29.1. (1993): 75-85.
    Struebig, PA. "Nature and Natural Sexuality in Gabriel Garcia Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude." – PNCF (1994).
    Tobin, Patricia. "Garcia Marquez and the Subversion of the Line." Latin American Literary Review 2.4 (1974): 39-48. JSTOR.
    Warnes, Christopher. “Naturalizing the Supernatural: Faith, Irreverence and Magical Realism.” Literature Compass, 2.1 (2005).
    Williamson, Edwin. "Magical Realism and the Theme of Incest in One Hundred Years of Solitude." Gabriel Garcia Marquez: New Readings, (1987): 45-63.
    Winsboro, Irvin D.S. "Latin American Women in Literature and Reality: García Márquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude." Midwest Quarterly 34.2. (1993):151-160.
    Wood, Michael. “Love and Solitude.” Bloom’s Guides: Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude. 101-104. Print.
    Yarbro-Bejarano, Yvonne. Feminism and the Honor Plays of Lope de Vega. Review by Thomas E. Case. Pacific Coast Philology 29.2. (1994): 143-145. JSTOR.
    Zamora, LP. Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community. Duke University Press, 1995.

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